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Query: UMLS:C0006142 (breast cancer)
 160,383 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphocyte proliferation (LP) assays were performed in microculture using the T-cell mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A); the T + B cell mitogens, pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and staphylococcal phage lysate (SPL); and a pool of allogeneic stimulating leukocytes in one-way mixed leukocyte cultures (MLC) in lung and breast cancer patients and normal individuals. The resultant data were expressed in three different ways: (1) as mean counts per minute (CPM) of tritiated thymidine incorporation; (2) as a stimulation index (SI) and (3) as a relative proliferation index (RPI). The RPI is defined as the ratio of net CPM (nCPM) in experimental cultures with stimulant (E) minus medium control cultures (C) of a test individual to the mean nCPM of three or more normal individuals examined in the same assay on the same day. These expressions were then compared for their ability to discriminate between LP responses in cancer patients and normal individuals. The RPI value and selected cut-off values gave the most sensitive measure for the determination of depressed proliferative responses. These analyses demonstrated that lung carcinoma patients were depressed to PHA (50%), MLC (47%), PWM (43%) and Con A (40%). To a lesser degree, breast carcinoma patients were also depressed to MLC (36%), PHA (31%), PWM (27%) and Con A (19%). Our data indicate that the use of the RPI in the analysis of LP response represents an improved method for detecting impaired response of lymphocytes to general mitogens and alloantigens which can consistently reveal immunosuppression in many cancer patients and may be useful for serial monitoring of individual patients.
Int J Cancer 1977 Sep 15
PMID:The relative proliferation index as a more sensitive parameter for evaluating lymphoproliferative responses of cancer patients to mitogens and alloantigens. 14 57

Twenty-four patients with far advanced malignant tumors, resistent to established chemotherapy,, were treated with the combination of MNU and Cyclophosphamide. The drugs were administered in six-day cycles sequentially. MNU in doses of 4 mg/kg body weight and Cyclophosphamide in doses of 8 mg/kg body weight were given. Results of treatment showed response (greater than 50% tumor regression) in 10 (42%) of the 24 treated patients. Seven remissions were complete and three partial. Patients with Hodgkin's disease, malignant melanoma and breast cancer responded to this combination chemotherapy. Objective remissions were obtained also in five of thirteen patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors and in five of nine patients with pulmonary metastases. Nausea and vomiting were the main toxic effects, especially after injections of MNU. Myelosuppression was noted in about 50% of treated patients. Since this combination of cytostatics showed significant antitumor activity, further investigations are necessary on a larger number of patients and in other types of malignant tumors.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1977 Aug 15
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU) and cyclophosphamide in solid tumors. 14 13

Plasma androgen sulfates were measured in 92 patients with myasthenia gravis. Plasma androgen sulfates were strongly associated with thymic pathology. The presence of germinal centers was associated with decreased androgen levels. A weak but significant positive correlation existed between androgen sulfates and lymphocyte counts. Low lymphocyte counts in patients with germinal centers were associated with subnormal androgen concentrations. Plasma androgen sulfate levels decreased immediately after thymectomy, but overall no significant differences were found between prethymectomy and post thymectomy levels. A trend toward higher concentrations of plasma androgens was noted 5 or more years post thymectomy. Plasma androgen sulfate levels in myasthenia gravis patients with breast cancer were markedly depressed. The lowest androgen sulfate levels were observed in patients who had previous bilateral breast cancer and those who, subsequent to the determination of the steroid sulfates, developed a second primary lesion of the breast.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Dec
PMID:Thymus and breast cancer--plasma androgens, thymic pathology, and peripheral lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis. 14 2

The intravenous application of 89-strontium for the relief of pain in 43 patients with breast cancer, bronchogenic cancer, carcinoma of the prostate, hypernephroma and lymphoma with generalized bone metastases is reported. A remarkable clinical improvement was achieved in 33 (76.7%) patients. In four patients a transient analgesic effect was observed. In six cases no response could be achieved. The therapeutic effect usually was long-lasting. At the same time, an increase of alkaline phosphatase was observed, which was interpreted as an indication for the stimulation of osteoblasts and osteoid peripheral zones owing to beta-emission of the radioisotope in the affected areas. There was a significant correlation between the concentration of 85Sr in the bone scan and the therapeutic result of 89Sr-therapy. The indication for such therapy and possible late adverse effects of bone-seeking isotopes are discussed.
Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1978 May 31
PMID:[Endo-osseous isotope therapy of malignant skeletal disease (author's transl)]. 14 38

A hospital-based case-control study of breast cancer was undertaken in Rangoon. The age-standardized incidence rate, 25.1 per 100,000 woman-years and the shape of the age-incidence curve show that Rangoon women have an intermediate level of breast cancer risk compared to women of other countries in the world. The analysis is based on 193 cases and 400 controls. Breast cancer risk was found to be directly related to educational attainment. There was an increased risk associated with early menarche and late menopause. The most striking finding was the strong inverse relationship between risk and parity; women who had six or more children have only one-third the breast cancer risk of married women who had less than four children. This association is not confounded by case-control differences in age at birth of first child. The association of breast cancer risk with age at first birth was not striking; only women with a first birth after age 30 were at increased risk. Breast cancer risk was unrelated to lactation. Overall, the epidemiology of breast cancer in Burma is similar to that in most other countries. However, the possibility of an unusual relationship of risk to parity and age at first parturition warrants further exploration.
Int J Cancer 1978 Apr 15
PMID:Risk factors of breast cancer in Burma. 14 71

Under examination were 2699 females over 30 years of age having no complaints of the mammary gland induration. The following diagnostic tests were used: 1) clinical; 2) thermography of mammary glands; 3) mammography in two projections. Breast cancer was revealed in 12 females (in 4.4 per 1,000 persons under examination). The clinical method solely revealed mammary gland cancer in 0.14%, thermography--in 0.28%, mammography-in 0.57%. A two-step examination, when persons suspected of breast pathology being preliminary identified, enabled the recognition of breast cancer in 2.97% (29.7 per 1,000 examined subjects). 41.6 per cent of the detected tumors proved to be lobar carcinoma in situ, 33 per cent--microfoci of scirrhous and solid cancer. The conclusion is drawn on somewhat limited opportunities of thermography as a screening method due to very frequent pseudopositive diagnoses.
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PMID:[Comprehensive prophylactic examinations of women for the detection of early forms of breast cancer]. 15 Jan 28

Long-term p.o. treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone, an adrenal steroid found in subnormal plasma concentrations in women predisposed to develop breast cancer, inhibits the formation of spontaneous mammary cancer in female C3H(Avy/a) mice.
Cancer Res 1979 Mar
PMID:Inhibition of spontaneous breast cancer formation in female C3H(Avy/a) mice by long-term treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone. 15 68

The breast cancer morbidity among the population of the city of Leningrad has been analysed. It was shown that there is a tendency to the increased number of breast cancer patients. In this respect attention is given to the prophylactic measures, accomplished in Leningrad City oncological dyspensary. As proved statistically, the pathogenetic therapy of mastopathy is a factor contributing to less risk of malignant transformation. For the statistical analysis the authors used the data of 132 breast cancer patients; previously operated upon for local fibroadenomatosis, and the data of 259 control patients. It was found that among the patients with fibroadenomatosis who subsequently developed cancer of the mammary gland, the proportion of untreated patients was 2.8 times as much as in the control group.
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PMID:[Pathogenetic therapy of mastopathies in the prevention of breast cancer]. 15 56

A leukocyte migration procedure was utilized to test cellular hypersensitivity of breast cancer patients' leukocytes to autologous and homologous breast cancer tissues and to murine milk containing murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV). The in vitro responsiveness of the leukocytes and the antigenicity of breast cancer tissues were compared with in vivo prognostically favorable lymphoreticuloendothelial (L-RE) responses seen microscopically at the time of mastectomy and with the results of skin window tests of cellular hypersensitivity. The data suggest that immunogens appear in the in situ phase of the disease and provoke prognostically favorable L-RE responses. These immunogens possess antigenic similarity to some component(s) of MuMTV. Progression of the disease is associated with or preceded by a loss of tissue immunogenicity and/or diminished specific cellular hypersensitivity. The findings are pertinent to investigations of human mammary carcinogenesis and immunoprophylaxis.
Cancer 1975 Jan
PMID:Prognostically favorable immunogens of human breast cancer tissue: antigenic similarity to murine mammary tumor virus. 16 50

Blood group M and N active substances were demonstrated in human mammary gland tissue in both benign and malignant lesions. The precursor T (Thomsen-Friedenreich) antigen occurred only in cancerous tissue, where it was found regularly in the 15 gross cancers tested. The precursor Tn antigen also was found regularly in cancerous breast tissue; Both antigens were reactive in breasts with in situ carcinoma. The T antigen was not demonstrable in the 6 benign mammary glands studied; similarly, the Tn antigen was unmasked by sialidase treatment of healthy breast tissues. Anti-T antibody, present in all human sera, was severely depressed in many breast cancer patients compared to controls.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Feb
PMID:Blood group MN antigens and precursors in normal and malignant human breast glandular tissue. 16 30


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