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Query: UMLS:C0005940 (bone disease)
 7,459 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Musculoskeletal complaints are a common reason for adolescents to seek medical attention. It is estimated that musculoskeletal problems account for up to 20% of visits to primary care practitioners. Many studies have shown the inadequacies of training of medical students and primary care residents in musculoskeletal medicine. Also, many practitioners do not feel comfortable in the management of common problems in this area. A general outline for approaching adolescents with musculoskeletal complaints is presented in this article and is not unlike the approach to other clinical problems. This outline follows the logical exploration of the medical history followed by physical examination and formulation of the appropriate differential diagnosis. The broad categories of conditions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of musculoskeletal symptoms include rheumatic diseases, chronic pain syndromes, systemic vasculitides, infections, overuse syndromes, specific orthopedic conditions, metabolic bone disease, neoplasms of connective tissue and bone, psychosomatic disorders, peripheral neuropathy, and primary muscle disease.
Adolesc Med State Art Rev 2007 May
PMID:Musculoskeletal diagnosis in adolescents. 1860 87

Although the increased prevalence of low bone mineral density among HIV-infected patients has raised concern for increased fracture risk, few investigations have evaluated fracture rates. Increasing evidence indicates that HIV patients are at higher risk of osteoporotic fractures compared to the general population. This is a very important issue, because fragility fractures are complications with a significant prognostic value. Our study performed lateral spine X-ray to assess the prevalence of sub-clinical vertebral fractures in 202 HIV patients. Factors associated with vertebral fractures were also investigated. The prevalence of vertebral fractures was significantly high (23.3%): 14 subjects had SDI (spine deformity index)= 1, 22 SDI=2-3 and 11 SDI >4. Differences in the prevalence of vertebral fractures between naive and ART experienced patients was 18% vs. 24%, respectively. Furthermore, patients had a high prevalence of severe and multiple fractures; in 19 patients (40%) fractures involved multiple vertebrae. Patients with vertebral fractures were significantly older, with renal insufficiency and steroid use more frequently than subjects with no fractures. Our data suggest that the prevalence of vertebral fractures in HIV infection may be higher than expected, and lateral spine X-ray has a role in the screening of bone disease, at least in patients with a significant risk of fragility fractures.
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PMID:Prevalence of sub-clinical vertebral fractures in HIV-infected patients. 2453 Nov 68