Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0005684 (bladder cancer)
 16,431 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the effect of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU), a derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), in preventing postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer, a randomized controlled study with 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (Tegafur) as the reference standard was performed. HCFU was given orally 600 mg a day and Tegafur was given orally, 800 mg a day. The following results were obtained: Of 103 patients, 51 were given HCFU and 52 Tegafur, the non-recurrence rate in the group treated with HCFU was 70.8% after 1 year and 54.9% after 2 years of follow up, and that of the group treated with Tegafur was 56.5% and 46.2% respectively. The rate of non-recurrence in the HCFU group was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that of the Tegafur group during the period of follow up between 450 and 539 days. Of the 87 patients, who took the drugs for more than 90 days, the rate of non-recurrence in 43 patients receiving HCFU was 79.2% after 1 year and 60.4% after 2 years, compared to 62.5% and 50.0% respectively for 44 patients receiving Tegafur. The non-recurrence rate of the HCFU group was also significantly higher than that of the Tegafur group in the period between 450 and 539 days after operation (p less than 0.05). The incidence of side effects was 35.6% and 51.7% in HCFU and Tegafur patients, respectively. No significant difference of side effects was found between HCFU and Tegafur.
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PMID:[A randomized controlled study to compare 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU) and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (Tegafur) for the prevention of post-operative recurrence of bladder cancer]. 393 87

The addition of Uracil to Tegafur, a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), has been shown to enhance the antineoplastic effect of 5-FU while reducing the side effects attributed to 5-FU catabolism. Studies of 5-FU levels have shown that the 5-FU concentration in the tumor tissues of patients with head and neck cancer was 16.9 times greater than that in serum and approximately 2-6 times greater than in normal tissue. Similar observations have been made in tumor tissues of patients with breast cancer. The clinical efficacy of UFT, the combination of Uracil and Tegafur in a molar ratio of 4:1, has been studied in a variety of tumor types. An overall response rate of about 23% was obtained, with responses exceeding 30% in patients with head and neck, breast, and bladder cancer. Side effects are predominantly that of gastrointestinal toxicity. Hematologic toxicity is minimal and hepatotoxicity is rare. The UFT combination produces a good clinical effect in a variety of tumor types and is well tolerated.
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PMID:Clinical application of biochemical modulation in cancer chemotherapy: biochemical modulation for 5-FU. 897 79

A 81-old-woman underwent a transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) at a nearby hospital in April 2011. The diagnosis was invasive urothelial carcinoma, G3 with a component of bladder small cell carcinoma, T1 or more. She was recommended to visit our hospital for combined modality therapy of bladder cancer, but she refused the treatment for over one year. In May 2012, she came to our hospital with the chief complaint of pain at urination. Cystoscopy revealed non-papillary sessile tumor in the top of the bladder, and CT scan demonstrated the presence of the right obturator lymph nodes swollen up to 1.2 cm in size. The second TURBT was performed and the diagnosis was bladder small cell carcinoma (pT3N2M0) according to urothelial cancer guidelines of the Japanese Urological Association (JUA). Because she strongly refused hospitalization anymore, we started daily oral intake of low dose Tegafur-Uracil (100 mg) for the treatment. After one month, the serum Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE; tumor maker of small cell cancer) level was elevated to 27.6 ng/ml and the right obturator lymph node was enlarged up to 1.9 cm. Therefore, the Trgafur-Uracil dose was increased to 200 mg daily. After then, the serum NSE level was decreased to 15.5 ng/ml following reduction in size of the obturator lymph nodes with partial response in December 2013. After two years of follow-up period, her regular urine test showed normal findings, and no apparent recurrence was detected on urinary bladder with MRI and Cystoscopy. This is a case of advanced bladder small cell carcinoma significantly improved by oral administration of Tegafur-Uracil 200 mg/day for over 2 years.
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PMID:[A CASE OF ADVANCED BLADDER NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA (SMALL CELL CARCINOMA) SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED BY LOW DOSE OF ORAL TEGAFUR-URACIL]. 2671 86