Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004610 (bacteremia)
 13,199 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We selected 16 schools representing a broad socioeconomic cross-section of metropolitan Omaha and obtained nasopharyngeal cultures for Haemophilus influenzae from 1,084 healthy 4- to 7-year-old children. We found that 34.2% of the children carried nontypable strains and 2.0% carried type b strains. Carriage rates were not influenced by recent illness, family size, or number of people sharing a bedroom. The prevalence of ampicillin-resistant H influenzae in the sample population was 0.9% for nontypable strains and 0.4% for type b strains; it was not significantly different in the group of children who had recently used beta-lactam antibiotics. One child carried a nontypable strain which was resistant to both chloramphenicol and tetracycline, the first chloramphenicol-resistant H influenzae detected in Omaha. A survey of healthy children may be a useful method for projecting a community's risk of disease caused by ampicillin-resistant H influenzae. Among the nasopharyngeal isolates from healthy children, 2.7% of nontypable strains and 18.2% of type b strains were resistant to ampicillin (P less than .01). During the same five-month period in Omaha, clinical failure in the treatment of otitis media with ampicillin was uncommon and four (20.0%) of 20 cases of H influenzae type b bacteremia and meningitis were caused by ampicillin-resistant organisms.
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PMID:Nasopharyngeal carriage of antibiotic-resistant Haemophilus influenzae in healthy children. 31 23

Surveillance of Haemophilus influenzae bacteremia and meningitis in Omaha during the 6-year period 1974 to 1979 revealed no upward trend in ampicillin resistance. The overall proportion was 5%, and the annual prevalence ranged from 0 to 9%.
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PMID:Prevalence of ampicillin-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae causing systemic infection. 696 42

In Omaha, from 1974 to 79, 30 (12.5%) of 240 patients with Haemophilus influenzae bacteremia or meningitis had a wide variety of conditions known to be associated with increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. Neonates and adults accounted for 47 per cent of the infections. Non-type b and non-typable strains caused 41 per cent of the episodes. Forty-one per cent of patients had bacteremia with no detectable focus of infection. The incidence of meningitis was low. Mortality was 28 per cent, considerably higher than in patients who were previously healthy. A review of the medical literature indicated that low-birth weight infants and patients with leukemia and other malignancies undergoing chemotherapy, splenectomy, congenital asplenia, sickle cell anemia, immunoglobulin deficiency diseases, cerebrospinal fluid shunts, and skull defects are at greater risk for systemic H. influenzae disease than the general population.
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PMID:Systemic Hemophilus influenzae infection. A study of risk factors. 697 94

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) lead infection is a rare condition with reported incidence of 0.2% to 16%. It usually presents with persistent bacteremia or fever of unknown origin and requires high clinical suspicion for diagnosis. Whenever ICD lead infection is suspected, transesophageal echocardiography is the diagnostic technique of choice for detection and characterization of the lesions. Lead infections are extremely difficult to manage conservatively and surgical removal of the entire defibrillator system is recommended along with antimicrobial therapy. We describe a case of recurrent staphylococci bacteremia due to an ICD lead infection in a patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.
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PMID:Role of transesophageal echocardiography in detecting implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead infection. 1284 68

Pacemaker (PM), implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices also provide support to chronic hemodialysis patients with cardiac rhythm abnormalities. However, these devices can get infected. In general, device infection is either primary or metastatic spread from a distant source. Arteriovenous grafts are commonly used to provide dialysis therapy. Compared to a fistula an arteriovenous graft runs a higher risk of infection. In this analysis, we report 2 chronic hemodialysis patients who have been successfully receiving dialysis through an arteriovenous graft for approximately 2 years. Both had had a PM device for about the same duration. Access infection necessitated surgical removal of the arteriovenous graft in these patients. However, due to bacteremia (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus (MRSA)), infection spread to involve the transvenous PM leads in both patients. In 1 patient the infection also involved the PM pocket. Lead and wound culture confirmed MRSA in both patients. PM device and leads were removed in both patients. After the resolution of bacteremia, both patients received an epicardial pacemaker. None of the patients had valvular endocarditis. While dialysis was provided with a catheter, an arteriovenous fistula was planned. In conclusion, contamination of the transvenous PM device can occur due to hematogenous spread of infection from an infected arteriovenous graft. Epicardial instead of a transvenous PM might be the better option for such patients to provide long-term cardiac rhythm support.
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PMID:Arteriovenous dialysis access-associated transvenous pacemaker infection. 2125 49