Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004610 (bacteremia)
 13,199 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The head and neck contain a number of spaces that can be invaded by organisms of the mouth or by spread of cervical osteomyelitis. Infection in these spaces may progress from superficial infection to cellulitis to the formation of an abscess requiring immediate drainage. Spread of infection between spaces depends on anatomic location. Most patients require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotic therapy. Because a deep space infection may be occult, a high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. Early recognition is necessary to avoid tissue damage, bacteremia or airway compromise. The possibility of deep space infection should be considered in any patient who does not respond to the usual treatment of an abscessed tooth or tonsillitis. This type of infection also should be considered in a toxic patient who has a fever of unknown origin, with or without blood cultures that show anaerobic organisms. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is usually necessary to locate the infection and to detect suppuration that will be amenable to surgical exploration and drainage.
 ...
PMID:Serious soft tissue infections of the head and neck. 187 30

Serious bacterial infections occurred in ten children (1.4%) of 710 patients with croup admitted to the Soroka Medical Center during the years 1983-1989. Sixty-four patients (9% of all croup patients) were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and 13 of them (20%) required intubation. Bacterial infections were noted in nine of the 13 intubated patients, in none of the other 51 PICU patients who did not require intubation and in one of the 646 patients (0.2%) who were not admitted to the PICU (p less than 0.0001). There was no difference in age, ethnic origin, or body temperature on arrival between the two PICU groups. Causative microorganisms were isolated from blood samples (three cases) and tracheal pus (eight cases). All intubated PICU patients were seriously ill: eight had bacterial tracheitis and one supraglottitis. Patients with bacterial tracheitis required frequent suctioning of the trachea for copious purulent secretions. The single patient with bacterial infection who was not admitted to the PICU had transient bacteremia. We conclude that the need for intubation in croup patients was an indicator for the presence of a serious bacterial infection.
Infection
PMID:The need for intubation in serious upper respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients (a retrospective study). 188 64

Two new cases of significant bacteremia caused by Leuconostoc spp. are reported and five others described in the literature are reviewed. Four of the seven patients were under one year old and presented with prolonged diarrhea related to gastrointestinal disorders. The remaining three patients were over 50 years of age and being treated in intensive care units. Six patients had nosocomially acquired catheter-related bacteremia. Leuconostoc spp. are naturally resistant to vancomycin, and five patients had received this antibiotic for prior bacteremia caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococci. The majority of patients presented with fever without severe complications. Penicillin is the treatment of choice and there is no report of any death directly attributable to infection by these microorganisms. Infection with Leuconostoc spp. should be suspected if "vancomycin-resistant streptococci" are isolated from the blood, and recorded as a potential cause of bacteremia in patients with indwelling intravenous catheters.
 ...
PMID:Leuconostoc species as a cause of bacteremia: two case reports and a literature review. 191 86

Cancer of the head and neck is a common cancer worldwide. The majority of patients present with locally advanced disease. Recently a great deal of improvement has been made in multimodality therapy of this disease, warranting more careful consideration of factors affecting quality of life, disease course, and treatment. Infection is clearly a factor. Analysis of 662 hospital admissions of 169 head and neck cancer patients was performed. A definite infection was documented in 86 febrile episodes, pneumonia contributed to 40%, bacteremia to 13%, skin and soft tissue infection to 12%, and tracheobronchitis to 10%. Among the evaluated risk factors, foreign bodies, specifically intravenous (IV) cannulae and gastrostomy tubes, race, performance status, alcohol intake, and nutritional status were statistically significant variables that predicted for or were associated with infection. Infection contributed to 44% of the deaths.
 ...
PMID:The role of infection in the morbidity and mortality of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing multimodality therapy. 198 64

Rhodococcus equi is an aerobic, intracellular, gram-positive rod-coccus that is partially acid fast. The organism is primarily a pathogen in animals and has only rarely been seen in immunocompromised humans. Its most common manifestation is a slowly progressive pneumonia that may cavitate. Infections are thought to be acquired via respiratory exposure to animals or soil. R. equi infections are difficult to treat, usually requiring prolonged administration of parenteral antibiotics and often necessitating surgical drainage. A case of cavitary pneumonia and recurrent bacteremia with R. equi in a patient with AIDS is reported, and the current literature on R. equi infections in humans is reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Rhodococcus equi infection in the patient with AIDS: literature review and report of an unusual case. 201 40

We reviewed 91 cases of pediatric Escherichia coli bacteremia during a 10-year period. Thirty one patients were afebrile; a significantly greater proportion of these patients were aged less than 1 month, had ampicillin-resistant E coli isolates, or had persistent bacteremia 24 hours after initiating antibiotic therapy. Infection was community acquired in 65 cases; associated urinary tract infection was six times more common in this setting than in nosocomially acquired infections. In 85 cases at least 1 underlying medical condition/focus of infection was identified at the time the positive blood culture was obtained, the most common were immune deficiency states (38 cases), urinary tract infection (29 cases), and lesions of the gastrointestinal tract (27 cases). Polymicrobial bacteremia occurred in five cases. Twelve patients died; significantly associated with death were hypotension requiring pressor therapy, presence of a central venous catheter, and neutropenia.
 ...
PMID:Escherichia coli bacteremia in children. A review of 91 cases in 10 years. 203 96

Chryseomonas luteola and Flavimonas oryzihabitans are phenotypically similar gram-negative bacilli and are also referred to as CDC groups Ve-1 and Ve-2, respectively. These bacteria are rarely reported as pathogens in humans. Infections described in the literature include primarily bacteremia in critically ill patients and peritonitis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We describe three cases of polymicrobial infection secondary to infection with group Ve organisms, including the first reported case (to our knowledge) of CNS infection due to F. oryzihabitans. These three cases and a review of literature suggest an association between the presence of indwelling catheters and polymicrobial infections with CDC group Ve organisms. F. oryzihabitans and C. luteola should be added to the expanding list of nosocomial pathogens with a propensity to infect critically ill patients who have undergone surgical procedures and/or had indwelling catheters placed. The isolation of either of these organisms from clinical specimens should prompt a search for a device-related source.
 ...
PMID:Serious infections involving the CDC group Ve bacteria Chryseomonas luteola and Flavimonas oryzihabitans. 204 57

A review was performed of the 30 cases of pediatric Enterobacter cloacae (EBC) bacteremia which occurred at our institution during a 12-year period. These 30 cases represented 88% of all cases in which EBC was isolated by blood culture (four other instances were considered contaminants); the rate of isolation of this organism relative to all positive blood cultures was 0.6%. There were 14 patients less than 12 months of age, with 10 less than 2 months of age. Infection was nosocomially-acquired in 17 cases. At the time the positive blood culture was obtained, 5 patients were afebrile, and 8 patients (five immunocompromised) had been receiving parenteral antibiotic therapy to which the organism exhibited in-vitro sensitivity for at least 24 hours. EBC was a constituent of polymicrobial bacteremia in 6 cases; in 5 instances the associated organisms were also gram-negative bacteria. There were a total of 33 underlying medical conditions or foci of infection associated with EBC bacteremia identified in 27 patients, the most common of which were immune-deficiency state (17) and gastrointestinal tract lesions (6). There were 3 patients who died. EBC bacteremia is a relatively rare pediatric infection. It is commonly nosocomially-acquired, and afflicts children who are younger-aged or compromised by underlying medical problems.
 ...
PMID:Enterobacter cloacae bacteremia in children: a review of 30 cases in 12 years. 204 41

Bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) in patients with AIDS are characterized by bacteremia and persistence of the pathogen. Infections with Salmonella typhi murium are common. Infections with atypical mycobacteria (Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex) mimic Whipple's disease both clinically and histologically; at present no established therapy is available. Among the parasitic diseases of the GI tract, cryptosporidial infection in AIDS patients, predominantly in tropical countries, plays an important role for epidemiological reasons. It leads to profuse watery diarrhea that does not respond to drug treatment. The AIDS-specific Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma may have manifestations in the GI tract. Rare complications of these tumors are bleeding, diarrhea and ileus.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal manifestations of AIDS. 2: Bacterial and vh parasitic infections, malignant tumors]. 205 81

Infection is one of the complications brought about sometimes by pacemaker implantation. This is a case report, showing superior vena cave obstruction after pacemaker implantation, followed by bacteremia after 5 years. Gallium-67 scintigraphy was the most effective method to survey the source of the infection. We performed the operation and found vegetation (1 cm x 1 cm) attaching to the pacemaker lead and an organized thrombosis in the superior vena cava. The lead and the vegetation were removed. The administration of antibiotics after the operation led to the patient's complete recovery. Post operative gallium-67 scintigraphy didn't reveal any sign of infection at the mediastinum.
 ...
PMID:[Pacemaker infection with superior vena cava thrombotic obstruction, followed by bacteremia: a case report]. 206 10


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>