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Query: UMLS:C0004352 (autism)
 32,579 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects people from all regions of the globe, regardless of nationality, living standards or social group. Currently, it is assumed that ASD pathogenesis is multifactorial because there is no one specific cause of the disorder. According to literature, ASD may result from genetic defects, metabolic disorders or exposure to environmental factors. There is a number of hypotheses that attempt to explain the intensity of emotional and behavioral symptoms or the increased sensory threshold that is characteristic of ASD. It is suggested that neurological changes may be due to oxidative stress occurring in early brain tissue development and reduced antioxidative barrier. Due to the abnormalities in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, often occurring in ASD, autism is investigated for disorders of vital biochemical processes of methylation and transsulfuration. Finding a biomarker for a disturbed oxidative-reduction equilibrium, methylation pathway pathology, or other reason could be an important diagnostic tool and the base for individual treatment for patients with varying degrees of severity. This work provides a review of the potential biological indicators for ASD taking into account the occurrence of oxidative stress and the methylation and transsulfuration cycles.
Psychiatr Pol 2019 Aug 31
PMID:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - biomarkers of oxidative stress and methylation and transsulfuration cycle. 3176 Apr 9

Research based on neuro-imaging findings indicate the presence of cerebral hypoperfusion (decreased blood flow) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). One of modern therapeutic methods that can counteract cerebral hypoperfusion in those children is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2020 Feb 26
PMID:The effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in children with autism spectrum disorders. 3221 99

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by limited, repetitive patterns of behavior, lack of interest, lack of activity, lack of communication and social interactions. Population studies show that the incidence of autism worldwide is steadily increasing. The review was based on literature research. It was analyzed 40 positions in bibliography according to gastrointestinal disorders in ASD. Clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases in children with autism spectrum disorders may be different from neurotypical children. Most of the evidence suggests that gastrointestinal dysfunction is more common in ASD children than in the typically developing group. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders in an autistic group of patients may be complicated and delayed. An important problem is their diagnosis, as most patients with autism are unable to inform their parents and/or carers about the suffering of abdominal pain or discomfort caused by bowel dysfunction. These symptoms may be a change in behavior: hyperactivity, anxiety, aggression, self-mutilation. Presence of gastrointestinal disorders raises the question of their possible association with the severity of symptoms of autism.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2020 Feb 26
PMID:Gastrointestinal disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder. 3221 11

Developmental disorder as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) gives a specific image significantly deviating from the norm in the areas of social and communicative functioning of the child, including the ability to establish and maintain interpersonal relationships. It is difficult to determine the occurrence of autism in the world accurately. However, the WHO estimates one diagnosis in 160 children in the world.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2020 Apr 22
PMID:Assessment of student's knowledge and awareness of autism spectrum disorder. 3235 37

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors, according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In addition to the possible subtypes of autism, several medical and behavioral conditions are known to co-exist with it. It is estimated that approximately 75% of individuals with ASD present with associated medical conditions, genetic syndromes, or mental health disorders. One of the major limitations when identifying, diagnosing, treating and understanding ASD is the fact that ASD is exclusively defined based on the observation of behaviors. The fact remains that there is no proven biological measurement (e.g., blood test or radiological scan) which can identify pathophysiological processes that can aid in the diagnosis or treatment this group of patients.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2020 Aug 22
PMID:[Autism spectrum disorder and comorbidities]. 3282 28

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by the presence of deficits in social skills and communication as well as repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. Among the theories explaining the mechanisms of the formation of the above cited symptoms, an important role is attributed to the theory of the mind, or the ability to draw conclusions about the state of mind of other people, assigning mental states to others and interpreting their behaviors. According to guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on the therapeutic procedures in autism spectrum disorders, the proceedings include various methods, adjusted to the level of functioning and presented difficulties. In the most widely used behavioral social skills trainings, the goal is to practice behaviors using modelling and role-playing techniques. Less attention is devoted to the issue of social understanding, theory of mind or the cognitive aspects of therapeutic interventions. There are studies demonstrating the possibility of developing competence in the theory of mind in people with ASD, as well as generalizing the acquired skills. The article reviews the literature on the use of therapeutic programs aimed at developing the theory of mind in patients with ASD and their effectiveness. As it seems, these are promising interventions, although they require further assessment.
Psychiatr Pol 2020 Jun 30
PMID:Therapeutic programs aimed at developing the theory of mind in patients with autism spectrum disorders - available methods and their effectiveness. 3303 89


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