Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004352 (autism)
 32,579 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder categorized by qualitative impairments in social interaction, communication, and repetitive stereotypic behavior. Emerging evidence increasingly suggests that chemokine receptors have a pivotal role in the central nervous system and are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous neuroinflammatory diseases. Resveratrol is widely used to treat neurodegenerative diseases, but its effect on autism has not been investigated. We investigated the effect of resveratrol (20 and 40mg/kg) in the spleen and brain tissues of BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR) and C57BL/6J (B6) mice as well as on the C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) (CCR3+, CCR5+, CCR7+ and CCR9+, CXCR3+ and CXCR5+) in cluster of differentiation 4-positive (CD4+) T cells in the spleen. We also assessed the mRNA expression of CCR and CXCR receptors in the spleen and brain tissues. Our study revealed that the BTBR and B6 control mice showed different immune profiles. The BTBR mice showed characteristic higher levels of both CCR and CXCR production and expression in CD4+ T cells than the B6 control mice did. Treatment of B6 and BTBR mice with resveratrol (20 and 40mg/kg) induced a substantial decrease in the CCR and CXCR production and expression in CD4+ T cells compared with the respective untreated control groups. Moreover, resveratrol treatment decreased the mRNA expression levels of CCR and CXCR in the spleen and brain tissues. Resveratrol downregulated the chemokine receptor levels, which might provide unique targets for future therapies for autism.
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PMID:Resveratrol treatment attenuates chemokine receptor expression in the BTBR T+tf/J mouse model of autism. 2769 37

Associative studies on a range of neurodevelopmental disorders have identified relationships between behavioral deficits and immune system function. The BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mouse strain displays aberrant characteristics in its social behavior and immune responses, providing a significant opportunity to examine the relationship between behavior and the immune system. This study investigated the influence of adenosine A2A receptor activity on C-C and C-X-C chemokine receptors involved in autism in the BTBR mouse model. A2A receptors have previously been targeted in clinical trials by potential therapeutics with neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and analgesic properties. In this study, we examined the effects of A2A receptor antagonist SCH5826 (SCH) and A2A receptor agonist CGS21680 (CGS) on C-C and C-X-C chemokine receptors (CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CXCR3, CXCR4, and CXCR5) on splenic CD8+ T cells in the BTBR autistic mouse model. We also assessed the C-C and C-X-C chemokine receptors mRNA levels in brain tissue. Our results showed that CCR3+, CCR4+, CCR5+, CCR6+, CCR7+, CXCR3+, CXCR4+, and CXCR5+ production in splenic CD8+ T cells decreased significantly in BTBR-CGS-treated mice in comparison with that in BTBR control and BTBR-SCH-treated mice. In addition, RT-PCR analysis revealed decreased gene expression levels for C-C and C-X-C chemokine receptors in the brain tissue of BTBR-CGS-treated mice, whereas these levels were significantly increased in BTBR control and BTBR-SCH-treated mice. Our results suggest that treating BTBR mice with CGS decreases C-C and C-X-C chemokine receptor signaling and might therefore provide a unique avenue for developing future therapies for autism and neuroimmunological disorders.
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PMID:Immune Alterations in CD8+ T Cells Are Associated with Neuronal C-C and C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Regulation Through Adenosine A2A Receptor Signaling in a BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Autistic Mouse Model. 2842 34

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by disturbances in social interactions and communication, restricted repetitive interests, and stereotyped behavior. Cumulative evidence recommends that there are immune alterations in ASD. Chemokine receptors are known to play an important role in the central nervous system (CNS) and in many neuro inflammatory disorders. The main objective of this study was to explore the role of CXC and CC chemokine receptors signaling in children with autism. We examined chemokine receptor production of CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR5, and CXCR7 in all peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in CD4+ T cells of typically developing control children (TD) and autistic children (AU). We also examined chemokine receptor production of CCR3, CCR5, CCR7, and CCR9 in all PBMCs and in CD4+ T cells of AU and TD samples using flow cytometric analysis. In addition, we measured mRNA expression levels of CXC and CC chemokine receptors using quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Our results showed the increased production of CXCR2+, CXCR3+, CXCR5+, and CXCR7+ and CCR3+, CCR5+, CCR7+, and CCR9+ in all PBMCs and in CD4+ T cells of children with AU as compared to TD controls. Our results show that chemokine receptor signaling components might provide unique therapeutic targets for children with AU and other neurological disorders.
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PMID:Upregulation of peripheral CXC and CC chemokine receptor expression on CD4+ T cells is associated with immune dysregulation in children with autism. 2898 77