Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004352 (autism)
 32,579 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective of this paper is to review the psychometric properties of the new DSM-III-R criteria for autism. Five data sets were evaluated according to a set of methodological criteria. The results indicate that the DSM-III-R criteria for autistic disorder have, on average, very good sensitivity, but much lower specificity. The implications of this are (a) greater numbers of children diagnosed as autistic; (b) greater numbers of children misdiagnosed as autistic; and (c) greater heterogeneity among samples of autistic children. In essence, the DSM-III-R criteria act more like screening tests than diagnostic criteria. Conceptual and methodologic issues in the evaluation of diagnostic criteria are discussed.
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:A review of the DSM-III-R criteria for autistic disorder. 148 74

The present paper provides a brief history of the development of the DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1987) section on Pervasive Developmental Disorders. It describes the process by which the contents of the text and criteria for Autistic Disorder and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified were decided and gives the reasons for the changes from DSM-III (APA, 1980) categories and criteria. The paper concludes with a short discussion of critical diagnostic issues.
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Pervasive developmental disorders: from DSM-III to DSM-III-R. 148 75

The author reviews the issue on whether Rett syndrome (RS) is a subtype of pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs). More than 200 articles of RS have been published in the last 10 years. Internal and external validities of RS have been established by several independent studies. There remains the question whether RS presents clinical features that meet the total criteria for PDDs. The available data seem to support the idea of classifying RS as a subtype of PDDs in the DSM-IV.
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Is Rett syndrome a subtype of pervasive developmental disorders? 148 76

A sample of 43 autistic and developmentally impaired adolescents were assessed with the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI), DSM-III-R criteria, and the clinician's diagnosis. DSM-III-R criteria for autism have low specificity and agree poorly with the other two definitions. Detailed results of the ADI are provided that confirm the usefulness and discriminant validity of this semi-structured diagnostic interview in a sample of very retarded autistic subjects.
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Diagnostic assessment in a sample of autistic and developmentally impaired adolescents. 148 77

The objective of this literature review is to assess the validity of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Twenty papers were identified that adequately investigated the internal or external validity of various subtypes of ASD. At least three groups can be distinguished from autism on clinical grounds; an Asperger syndrome subtype, and two atypical subtypes characterized by low IQ and high IQ. However, the evidence that these clinical distinctions carry inferences with respect to etiology, clinical course, and treatment is only suggestive. Nevertheless, the specification of several ASD subtypes might promote further research and resolve many of the nosologic issues with respect to the classification of pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs).
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:The validity of autistic spectrum disorders: a literature review. 148 78

Early onset schizophrenia (EOS) is defined as that beginning in childhood or adolescence (under 16 or 17). Studies of EOS are infrequent, and comparative adult figures not always available, but tentative conclusions may be drawn. EOS is more common in males; symptomatology is often undifferentiated; frequencies of homotypic family disorder, premorbid schizotypal personality, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities high; outcome poor but only slightly worse than in adults; response to psychotropic drug treatment probably similar though not properly tested; and confusion with psychotic bipolar disorder particularly common. Onset before language is developed presents special diagnostic difficulties. There are a few reports of autistic children developing schizophrenia but this requires replication. Differences from adult schizophrenia are more marked when onset is in childhood than in adolescence but all are quantitative rather than qualitative suggesting that the disorders are the same and that there should be no separate category for children or adolescents.
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Child and adolescent (early onset) schizophrenia: a review in light of DSM-III-R. 148 79

Childhood disintegrative disorder, also known as Heller syndrome or as disintegrative psychosis, is a relatively uncommon condition which has variably been included in official diagnostic systems. Available evidence regarding the validity of this diagnostic concept, particularly with regard to autism, supports inclusion of the category in DSM-IV. Proposed criteria and narrative description for the disorder are presented.
J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Childhood disintegrative disorder: issues for DSM-IV. 148 80


J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Brief report: a comparison of the diagnostic criteria for Asperger syndrome. 148 81


J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Brief report: a reappraisal of clumsiness as a diagnostic feature of Asperger syndrome. 810 10


J Autism Dev Disord 1992 Dec
PMID:Brief report: developmental aspects of DSM-III-R criteria for autism. 148 83


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>