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Query: UMLS:C0004352 (autism)
 32,579 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three normal children with reported musical ability and three autistic children were tested for the ability to imitate individual tones and series of tones delivered by voice, piano, and synthesizer. Accuracy of imitation was judged by two independent observers on the basis of pitch, rhythm, and duration. The autistic children overall performed as well as or better than the age-matched normal children. These results are discussed and their implications for future neurological and clinical research are considered.
J Autism Dev Disord 1979 Sep
PMID:Measuring musical abilities of autistic children. 48 14


J Autism Dev Disord 1979 Sep
PMID:Siblings of autistic children. 48 15

Folk concepts for mental disorder were studied among rural Lao people. While predominatly inferring etiology (e.g. spirit-caused disorder), certain terms also emphasized particular descriptive psychopathology or behavioral abnormality. Preventive strategies were stressed for insanity due to "excessive worry' or "broken taboo'. These broad folk categories of disorder bore considerable similarity to some psychiatric and neurologic categories within medicine. These includes psychosis, mania, neurosis, organic brain syndrome, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and childhood autism. Lao folk terms for mental disorder also closely resembled those of other southern Asian cultures, although illiterate tribal peoples appeared to have fewer terms than literate peasant peoples. Folk terms from more distant regions had broad similarity to those of southeast Asia, but lacked the specificity found within the region.
Cult Med Psychiatry 1979 Sep
PMID:Folk concepts of mental disorder among the Lao: continuities with similar concepts in other cultures and in psychiatry. 52 21

This paper describes the major components of a treatment program for severely behaviorally handicapped children. The program's goal is to help the children develop the necessary skills to function in regular classrooms or special education classes. The article presents descriptions of the procedures used in the Day School Learning and Treatment Center and the Parent Training Program at the Judevine Center for Autistic Children. Criteria for acceptance, assessment systems, training techniques, and methods for follow-up are outlined. Also, the paper delineates what are considered to have been five major trends in the development of the program.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1977 Sep
PMID:Competency-based training for severely behaviorally handicapped children and their parents. 57 12

The parents of 15 autistic boys with a nonverbal IQ of at least 80 were compared with a matched group of parents of normal boys on the Goldstein-Scheerer Object Sorting Test and the Bannister-Fransella Grid Test of Thought Disorder. It was necessary to control for social class effects as abnormal scores on the thought disorder tests were more frequent in parents of manual social class. It was found that (a) there was a lack of agreement between the two tests of thought disorder, (b) the parents of autistic children showed thought disorder scores closely comparable to those of the parents of normals, and (c) there was no consistent association between thought disorder and anxiety. The methodological and substantive implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the results of previous investigations.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1977 Sep
PMID:Cognitive characteristics of parents of autistic children. 57 13

Cytogenetic examination of a 14-year-old severely retarded girl revealed a karyotype of 47 chromosomes with an extra bisatellited chromosome, a translocation between No. 22 and a chromosome in the D group. The girl had presented an early autistic syndrome beginning about 6 months of age during plastering for a congenital luxation of the hips and receding from the age of 5. In addition, she was hyperkinetic with various aggressive and auto-aggressive traits and had atypical minor epileptic fits. Data from child psychiatric examinations at 5 and 14 years are presented. The importance of giving parents information as early as possible about biological causes of mental retardation and mental illness is stressed.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1977 Sep
PMID:A case report of an autistic girl with an extra bisatellited marker chromosome. 57 14


J Autism Child Schizophr 1977 Sep
PMID:Planning for the future of a severely handicapped autistic child. 57 15


J Autism Child Schizophr 1977 Sep
PMID:Reply to reader comments on "Employing electric shock with autistic children". 57 16

In a single-case, simultaneous-treatment design, three methods for experimental language acquisition in one autistic child were compared using a Latin square design and trend-line analysis. Results showed a total communication approach to be significantly superior to sign-based and verbalization approaches. The verbalization treatment resulted in decreased performance. Results indicate that use of a cross-modality inhibitory process to explain the alleged superiority of the sign-based approach is questionable. Variation among autistic children indicates a need for further research and for caution against premature acceptance of a given treatment approach or theoretical explanation.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1978 Sep
PMID:A simultaneous comparison of three methods for language training with an autistic child: an experimental single case analysis. 69 63

There were two purposes underlying this study: to describe the sensorimotor functioning of mute autistic children and to relate their sensorimotor performance to nonverbal communication. Twelve mute children, diagnosed autistic, ranging from 4 years 9 months to 12 years of age, were administered four scales of sensorimotor development from the Uzgiris and Hunt (1975) series: object permanence, gestural imitation, means for obtaining environmental events, and causality. Subjects performed most poorly on the imitation scale with 9 of 12 performing below Piaget's fifth sensorimotor stage. In contrast, performance was highest on the object permanence scale: No child scored below Stage V. Regarding the subjects' non-scales and Stage III on the imitation scale appeared to form minimal prerequisites for intentional communication in a variety of situations. Finally, none of the subjects, even those with relatively complete sensorimotor development, spontaneously used what Bates (1976) has called "protodeclarative" gestures to point out or show objects to adults. The absence of protodeclarative gestures may represent a qualitatively distinct pattern of prelinguistic development in certain autistic children.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1978 Sep
PMID:Sensorimotor functioning and communication in mute autistic children. 69 64


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