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Query: UMLS:C0004352 (autism)
 32,579 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The only finding of a metabolic defect in psychotic children which has been replicated in a blind study is the discovery of an elevated efflux of serotonin from the platelets of children with early infantile autism (Boullin, Coleman, & O'Brien, 1970; Boullin, Coleman, O'Brien, & Rimland, 1971). The reported failure of Yuwiler, Ritvo, Geller, Glousman, Schneiderman, and Matsuno (1975) to replicate the Boullin et al. findings is attributable to differences in the method of selecting subjects. The Boullin et al. studies found that only children with classical infantile autism, as diagnosed by the Rimland E-2 check list, manifested the metabolic error. Since only 10% of psychotic children score in the autistic range on the check list, and since all children in the Yuwiler et al. study displayed the syndrome of "perceptual inconstancy," a syndrome inconsistent with "insistence on the preservation of sameness," an integral part of the syndrome of early infantile autism as scored on the E-2 check list, the failure of Yuwiler et al. to find elevated efflux in their sample was to be expected.
J Autism Child Schizophr 1976 Dec
PMID:Platelet uptake and efflux of serotonin in subtypes of psychotic children. 103 40

Differentiating autism from other handicapping conditions, especially mental retardation, has been a constant problem for public schools. This study investigated the effectiveness of three instruments to discriminate autistic from trainable mentally retarded children. The Autism Screening Instrument for Educational Planning, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and the Diagnostic Checklist for Behavior Disturbed Children, Form E-2 were administered to 20 autistic and 20 TMR students. Discriminant analysis was used to determine the best linear combination of scores that would separate the two groups of children. All three instruments were found to separate the two samples of children. However, the CARS and the ASIEP provided for a greater separation of groups.
J Autism Dev Disord 1986 Dec
PMID:A validity analysis of selected instruments used to assess autism. 380 61

Intelligence, occupation, and education levels of both parents, as well as personality characteristics of mothers, the primary nurturant adults, were investigated as related to early infantile autism. Our sample consisted of 50 sets of parents of disturbed children, 15 whose children had met Rimland 's stringent criteria for autism, 24 whose children, though not having met these criteria, had been diagnosed clinically as autistic, and 11 sets whose severely disturbed children were never diagnosed autistic. All parents were tested for intelligence. In addition, mothers' personality was tested via Human Figure Drawings and Eysenck's Personality Inventory. Rimland 's E-2 questionnaire was generally filled out by mothers. Results indicated that fathers of autists , but not mothers, were of significantly above-average intelligence. Mothers were significantly more neurotic on Eysenck's scale than mothers of disturbed nonautistic children, and significantly more introverted than his normative sample. Finally, there was a significant correlation between neuroticism of mothers and children's autism.
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PMID:Intelligence and personality variables of parents of autistic children. 672 95

Administered the Stanford-Binet and/or its downward extension the Cattell Infant Intelligence Scale to 22 children in a school for severely behaviorally disordered boys and girls. Assessments also were made with the Vineland Social Maturity Scale and with a scale of language development. A subgroup of 17 children were assessed with Rimland's E-2 Scale, which is designed to assess the presence and degree of the condition of autism. Correlations among these commonly used assessment procedures are reported. Findings are discussed with respect to the construct validity of the tests and with respect to practical problems of implementation. Issues that concern the distinctiveness of specific classification dimensions and the heterogeneity of the syndrome of autism also are discussed.
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PMID:Consistency among commonly used procedures for assessment of abnormal children. 730 78