Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004352 (autism)
 32,579 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although the FDA recommends imipramine hydrochloride (IMI) only for temporary relief of symptoms of enuresis nocturna (EN), the drug has been applied to a number of other pediatric situations, including the Hyperkinetic Syndrome (HS), childhood depression, somnambulism and pavor nocturnus, school phobia, petit mal epilepsy, allergies, autism, encorpresis and head-banging. We have reviewed the literature, with particular attention to the pharmacokinetics of IMI in children, and its putative mechanisms of action. The drug probably works through a number of different actions, and the futher delineation of these will be of considerable heuristic value. We review the toxic effects of IMI treatment and IMI poisoning in children, and the pediatric literature concerning other antidepressant drugs and lithium carbonate (Li).
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PMID:Imipramine and children: a review and some speculations about the mechanism of drug action. 40 23

We report the neuropathological evaluation of a 24-year-old autistic woman suffering from a residual state of infantile autism and presenting with self-injury behavior since childhood. Her behavior included head-banging, eye-gouging and self-biting. All intended therapeutic measures remained without effect, including high doses of psychotropic drugs. At autopsy, numerous neurofibrillary tangles were found in the perirhinal and entorhinal cortex where they were frequently grouped in nests or clusters. A few neurofibrillary tangles were also observed in the amygdala and in the prepiriform and orbito-frontal cortex. In the cortex, tangles were located in both layers II and III. There were no neuritic plaques or amyloid deposits. Interestingly, neurofibrillary tangles have been described in brains of individuals who had experienced repeated head injuries such as boxers (dementia pugilistica) and soccer players, suggesting that in our case a similar mechanism induced tangle formation and resulted in the loss of selective neuronal populations.
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PMID:Neuropathological observations in a case of autism presenting with self-injury behavior. 175 63