Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in the hemostatic system attesting to anticoagulation and antiaggregation activity of radiographic contrast substances belonging to the triiodobenzoate class were recorded in 29 patients with atherosclerosis obliterans after translumbal aortography with the use of 76% verografin in a dose of 1-1.5 ml/kg bw. The same results were obtained in experiments with 76% verografin and iodamide 380 administered to donor's plasma in vitro. Anticoagulant action was the most demonstrable in making thrombin and thrombin-heparin time longer. Antiaggregation activity was evidenced by a decrease in collagen aggregation and reduction of the second wave of aggregation of ADP and adrenaline. Administration of calcium chloride to plasma before an aggregating agent prevented aggregation disorders provoked by radiographic contrast agents.
 ...
PMID:[Changes in hemostasis indices after translumbar aortography]. 665 57

Platelet aggregation was studied in 14 diabetic children with no signs of angiopathy and in 14 healthy matched control children. The magnitude of the platelet shape change after ADP stimulation was decreased in diabetic patients while the maximal aggregation after ADP and low dose collagen was significantly higher than in healthy control children. In 28 diabetic children the platelet shape change after ADP stimulation was positively correlated with the serum concentration of apolipoprotein A-I and negatively correlated with serum triglyceride concentration. The ratio between the fatty acids 20:3/20:4 in cholesterol esters was strongly correlated with the relative incidence of irreversible aggregation (p less than 0.001) and with the magnitude of the maximal aggregation (p less than 0.01) after ADP stimulation (3.3 mumol/l). The ratio between the polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the triglyceride fraction was negatively correlated to the maximal aggregation after collagen stimulation (10 mg/l). This study shows tha platelet aggregation is increased early in the course of diabetes in childhood. It suggests that the abnormalities in platelet aggregation pattern in diabetic patients are related to several of the lipid factors associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:Increased platelet aggregability in diabetic children: relation to serum lipid and fatty acid composition. 665 42

Aggregation of rabbit platelets from citrated plasma in response to ADP was directly correlated with platelet plasma membrane fluidity as determined by fluorescence depolarization measurements with the probe diphenylhexatriene. Rabbits were maintained for periods of 200 and 400 days on potentially hyperlipidemic diets (20% fat by weight) with varying levels of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Dietary variations were effective in modulating the mole percentage distribution patterns of the platelet phospholipid fatty acids. The major chemical control of membrane fluidity was the actual mass of unsaturated lipid in the cells and not simply the relative percentage distributions of such unsaturated fatty acids. Substantially higher phospholipid/protein ratios were observed upon analysis of platelets and platelet membranes from rabbits after 200- than after 400-day diet periods. Accordingly lipid structures were significantly more fluid in either whole platelets or membrane isolates at the end of the shorter diet period. The observations pertaining to the extent of aggregation and membrane fluidity are in consonance with the general role of membrane fluidity in controlling biological activity and support the concept that platelet aggregation is a membrane-associated phenomenon.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:Platelet membrane fluidity and aggregation of rabbit platelets. 674 81

Effect of intramuscular administration (10 mg/kg/week) of testosterone and oxandrolone on a) thrombocyte aggregation and b) synthesis of prostaglandins from [14C]-arachidonic acid in thrombocytes and aorta of atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau pigeon was examined. Neither testosterone nor oxandrolone influenced collagen, ADP and arachidonic acid induced aggregation or the synthesis of prostaglandins in thrombocytes. However, both testosterone and oxandrolone stimulated (p less than 0.05) the synthesis of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (stable product of prostacyclin) und PGE2 in aorta.
 ...
PMID:Effect of testosterone and oxandrolone on thrombocyte aggregation and synthesis of prostaglandins in thrombocytes and aorta of atherosclerosis-susceptible pigeons. 683 53

This article reviews the experimental and clinical evidence regarding heparin therapy in the prophylaxis of coronary heart disease. The actions of heparin take place at the vascular endothelium where injected heparin concentrates, and within the bloodstream. At the endothelium heparin acts to prevent endothelial injury, prevent thrombin generation, prevent platelet adhesion to endothelium, and to decrease uptake of serum lipoproteins. Within the bloodstream heparin increases lipoprotein lipase activity and reduces the concentration of atherogenic very low-density lipoproteins. The reduction in lipemia enhances oxygen transfer from blood to the tissues, and decreases thrombin or ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Heparin increases the concentration of high-density lipoproteins. It decreases hypercoagulability and inhibits overactivation of serum complement. Heparin reduced atherosclerosis in most studies in cholesterol-fed animals. In human subjects who had a myocardial infarct at least one year before the onset of treatment, long-term intermittent heparin therapy significantly decreased cardiovascular deaths as compared to control groups.
 ...
PMID:Heparin and atherosclerosis. A review of old and recent findings. 698 41

The platelet sensitivity to the antiaggregatory prostaglandins (PGI2, PGE1 and PGD2) was studied in patients with angiographically verified coronary heart disease. The sensitivity was tested in vitro by inhibiting the ADP-induced platelet aggregation by various concentrations of these prostaglandins. Beside the age dependent alterations of platelet sensitivity reported earlier, there is a statistically significant decrease in sensitivity for PGI2 and PGE1 in patients with coronary heart disease. In contrast, no significant change for the PGD2-sensitivity could be observed. In angina pectoris a further significant decrease in sensitivity (again only for PGE1 and PGI2) was found which returned back to the starting values within a few hours. In patients with maturity onset diabetes and coronary heart disease the sensitivity was always lower than in those patients with coronary heart disease alone. Changes in platelet sensitivity might play a key role in initiating and progressing atherosclerosis by an immediate disturbance of hemostatic balance. The studies further support the hypothesis that PGI2 and PGE1 share the same receptor on the platelet surface.
 ...
PMID:Sensitivity of platelets to prostaglandins in cornary heart disease and angina pectoris. 703 25

Four groups of 6 New Zealand white rabbits were fed for 60 days on a commercial rabbit diet supplemented (60 g/kg) with 1 of 4 sources of fat: corn oil, linseed oil and fish oil, which respectively provided rich sources of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6), alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5, n-3), and coconut oil, low in all polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Platelet-rich plasma was prepared and aggregation induced by ADP (final concentration 0.29-74.3 microM), collagen (2.5-20 micrograms/400 microliters, final concentration) and 2.5 U bovine thrombin, and recorded with a Peyton aggregometer. Platelet aggregation induced by both thrombin and collagen was significantly lower with either n-3 PUFA (fish or linseed oil) than with corn oil (n-6 PUFA) or the low PUFA coconut oil. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was significantly reduced only in animals fed fish-oil. Changes in platelet aggregation were accompanied by increased platelet lipid content of C20:5, n-3 and decreased content of C20:4, n-6, with little change in platelet total C20 fatty acids. Platelet levels of C20:5, n-3 were significantly increased with both the preformed C20:5, n-3 and its precursor C18:3, n-3 in the diet. However, aortic lipid accumulation of C20:5 only occurred with rabbits fed on fish oil. It was concluded that, for collagen and thrombin induced aggregation, C18:3, n-3 and C20:5, n-3 were equally antiaggregatory in rabbits. The implications of this in community nutrition programmes are discussed.
Atherosclerosis 1982 Jun
PMID:The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the n-3 and n-6 series on platelet aggregation and platelet and aortic fatty acid composition in rabbits. 705 97

With the objective of investigating more thoroughly the relationship between ascorbic acid and platelet aggregation (PA) in particular, in vitro and in vivo studies were made whether interferences exist, Scaling amounts of ascorbic acid were added to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples to determine the level at which the inhibition of the PA was induce by ADP and arachidonic acid (AA), and endoplatelet malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations decreased. Changes in PA and MDA were not observed in the PRP control samples Also, in 10 healthy volunteers, an i.v. infusion of ascorbic acid (2 g) produced PA inhibition and a reduction of MDA concentrations.
Atherosclerosis 1982 Jan
PMID:Influence of ascorbic acid on platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo. 707 91

The experimental study was performed on Wistar rats fed on atherogenic diet for 16 months, the last 70 days of which they were given Prodectin. The study included also Chinchilla rabbits fed on cholesterol-rich diet (CRD) and Prodectin for 5 months. The data obtained showed that the continuous application of Prodectin inhibited the development of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis both in rats and rabbits. The decrease of plasma lipids, the increased activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes as well as the lowered ADP-platelet aggregation and the decreased endothelial permeability to the pre-beta-like particles suggests a complex mechanism of Prodectin antiatherogenic action. This mechanism probably includes and activation of biological oxidation and bioenergetics, an increase of cAMP in the vascular wall, resp. a decrease of contractility of endothelial cells; an inhibition of thrombotic processes and of lipoprotein infiltration of the arterial wall.
 ...
PMID:Antiatherogenic effect of pyridinolcarbamate (prodectin). Experimental study. 725 35

In 70 patients with juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes and 75 age- and sex-matched controls the reversible platelet aggregates expressed as platelet count ratio (PCR) and the ADP-induced platelet aggregation were studied. Retinal microangiopathy was staged by retinal fluorescein angiography. The mean PCR of the patients (0.82 +/- 0.02) was statistically significantly lower than that of the controls (0.97 +/- 0.01). However, in different stages of retinopathy no significantly different PCR could be observed. ADP-induced platelet aggregation (0.5 and 1.0 micromol/l) exhibited a higher reactivity of diabetic platelets, but with the exception of tangent alpha (see later), the differences were not statistically significant in comparison to the controls. After collagen-induced platelet aggregation (0.5 and 1 microgram/ml) the lag time in diabetics was significantly (p less than 0.001) lower than in the controls, whereas the other quantitative parameters exhibited higher platelet reactivity in general, though not statistically significant. No relationship between PCR and the in vitro induced aggregation was found. The degree of retinopathy had no significant influence on platelet aggregation. In general, the data demonstrate an increase in sensitivity of platelets in juvenile-onset diabetics, whereas no influence of stage of microangiopathy could be detected.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:Platelet aggregation and reversible platelet aggregates in type I-diabetes staged by retinal fluorescein angiography. 728 54


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10