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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myocardial bridge is a congenital anomaly of the coronary artery and appears on an angiogram as a systolic narrowing. Major coronary veins are rarely covered by myocardial bridges. The functional significance of coronary bridging remains controversial. Generally, bridging is not though to result in symptoms, as the coronary narrowing occurs during systole and most coronary flow occurs during diastole. Some authors reported this condition in association with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The mechanism of ischemia, connection with atherosclerosis are not clear. The symptomatic compressive myocardial bridge is in itself an indication for operation by simple section of the bridge. But if there exist associated atheromatous lesions, the surgeon should combine aortocoronary bypass with section or coronary angioplasty.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1997 Aug
PMID:[Myocardial bridge of the coronary arteries and its clinical significance]. 948 Jan 85

An increasing body of evidence suggests that beside hypercholesterolemia peroxidative processes and natural antioxidant defence system play important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Our earlier investigation showed the increased intensity of the peroxidative processes in the course of the acute myocardial infarction and unsatisfactory tocopherol, ascorbic acid and retinol status. The purpose of the present study was the evaluation of the effect of antioxidant vitamins supplementation by the period of 21 days on the peroxidative processes in patients after heart attack or after "bypass" admitted to the cardiological rehabilitation centre. Daily oral supplementation with vitamin C, E and beta-carotene decreased significantly plasma lipid peroxide concentration (TBARS). The highest drop in TBARS activity was found in the group after bypass. No significant effect of vitamin supplementation was observed on antioxidant enzymes activity.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1998 Jan
PMID:[The influence of vitamin C and e or beta-carotene on peroxidative processes in persons with myocardial ischemia]. 955 2

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is characterised by the development of fibrotic mass surrounding the abdominal aorta and its branches. In the one third of cases, the causes of this disease include ergot-derivative drugs, retoperitoneal haemorrhage or urine extravasation and desmoplastic response to a variety of tumours. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is idiopathic in two thirds of cases and is found most commonly as an isolated fibrotic plague centered over the lumbar spine and entrapping one or both ureters. It has been postulated that fibrosis in idiopathic cases is caused by a chronic inflammatory or autoimmune response to antigens leaking into retroperitoneum from atheromatous plagues in the aorta or common iliac arteries. Many findings indicate the active nature of aortic adventitial chronic inflammation associated with human advanced atherosclerosis ("chronic periaortitis") and show its possible progressive potential to the clinically important disease termed "idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis" and "inflammatory aneurysm". A definitive differential diagnosis requires not only CT and NMR but also histologic confirmation. Treatment may be surgical or medical, with the best outcome observed in patient receiving both.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1998 Jan
PMID:[Retroperitoneal fibrosis and chronic peri-aortitis--new hypothesis]. 955 12

High triglycerides and low fibrinolysis activity are considered as a significant predictors for atherosclerosis. The aim of our study was: 1-to compare these risk factors levels in children with positive family history of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) with children from healthy families and 2-to assess the association between triglyceride and fibrinolysis activity in offspring (y) and parental risk factors (xl ... xn) for atherosclerosis. The study population consisted of: I Group 15 children 7-12 years old and their parents from HTG families and II Group 26 control children 5-12 years old from healthy families. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, cholesterol esters, LDL-Ch, HDL-Ch, HDL2Ch, apolipoprotein AI and BII, fibrinogen plasma level were determined. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and fibrinolysis activity and (ELT) were determined. We found significant differences in clinical examinations (higher blood pressure and ECG disturbances more frequently), HDL-Ch and HDL2-Ch plasma level was lower in children with positive family history than in control children. Multiple regression analysis of parental variables demonstrated, that children's TG and ELT are strongly determined by parental lipids and haemostasis parameters in children with positive family history of HTG.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1997 Sep
PMID:[Risk factors for atherosclerosis in offspring of parents with primary hypertriglyceridemia]. 955 74

The increase in the lipid peroxide level in the serum and liver of female mice after bilateral ovariectomy evidenced antioxidant activities of female hormones. This increase was abolished upon administration of female hormones. Similar increase in the level of lipid peroxide was observed in the serum of women who had undergone bilateral ovariectomy. Injection of 2-hydroxyestradiol suppressed the increase in the lipid peroxide level in the liver of rats receiving whole-body gamma-ray irradiation. Considering that the mechanism of coronary atherosclerosis is ascribed at least in part to the increased level of lipid peroxides, estrogen therapy could be applied to women who had undergone bilateral ovariectomy prior to menopause or to normal women after menopause. 2-Hydroxyestradiol might be applied also to men.
Acta Biochim Pol 1997
PMID:Female hormones act as natural antioxidants--a survey of our research. 958 50

Lipoprotein(a) was discovered over 30 years age and it is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular diseases. Among patients with end stage renal failure lipoprotein(a) levels are higher than in general population and being independent of the type of treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality in ESRD patients. Moreover we have interesting information about possibility of influence of Lp(a) serum levels.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1998 Mar
PMID:[Lipoprotein metabolism disturbances in patients with kidney diseases]. 964 57

Analysis of 208 patients with atherosclerosis of the lower extremities and co-existing diabetes mellitus was performed to document actual symptoms, to propose a classification of extremity ischemic to localisate atherosclerotic changes and to evaluate therapeutic methods and their results. Authors suggest that to improve therapeutic results in this group of patients necessary is as follows: (a) early diagnosis of atherosclerotic ischemia of extremities, (b) proper preparing to revascularization, (c) early reconstruction of ischemic vessels, (d) good specialist controls in after surgery period.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1998 Jun
PMID:[The natural history study of 208 patients with atherosclerosis of the lower extremities and diabetes mellitus]. 977 Oct 17

Angioplasty and bypass surgery have become standard methods of treating patients with symptomatic coronary atherosclerosis but restenosis remains the major limitation of percutaneous coronary revascularization. In pharmacological management of restenosis after coronary intervention multiple agents have been tried, with mostly discouraging results. Aspirin, dipyridamole, ticlopidine, heparin. Hirudin, and warfarin has failed to show beneficial effects on restenosis. Of all antithrombotics, only an inhibitor of the platelet IIb/IIIa integrin, which may lead to early vessel changes, leading to decrease restenosis. Antiproliferative agent (trapidil and angiopeptin) and probucol have also resulted in improved restenosis rate. In patients after bypass surgery with some degree of hyperlipidemia intensive lipid-lowering therapy is beneficial in slowing the late progressions of atherosclerosis as well as graft occlusion.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1998 Jun
PMID:[Pharmacological treatment of restenosis after coronary angioplasty and bypass grafting]. 977 Oct 20

We have found that sphingosine 1-phosphate (Sph-1-P) acts as an autocrine stimulator of platelets, being abundantly stored in platelets and released extracellularly, and that its exogenous addition induces platelet activation (Yatomi et al., Blood 1995, 86, 193-202) through a specific receptor on the platelet surface (Yatomi et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 5291-5297). Very recently, we identified Sph-1-P as a normal constituent of human plasma and serum. Sph-1-P levels in plasma and serum were 191+/-79 and 484+/-82 pmol/ml (mean +/- S.D., n = 8), respectively. Platelets are most likely the source of Sph-1-P discharged during blood clotting, since they abundantly store Sph-1-P as compared with other blood cells, and release considerable amounts of stored Sph-1-P extracellularly upon stimulation. The Sph-1-P released from activated platelets may be involved in a variety of physiological processes, including thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and wound healing. Moreover, we often observed that Sph-1-P injection into mice (iv., 10 mg/kg) caused immediate rigor and death. This may be related to the recent observations from an other laboratory that nanomolar concentrations of Sph-1-P affected atrial myocyte K+ channel. These observations taken together strongly suggest pathophysiological roles of the released Sph-1-P in the blood. As one example, we found that Sph-1-P content in the plasma of platelet concentrates correlated with poor platelet increments after transfusion and with the occurrence of transfusion reactions in patients.
Acta Biochim Pol 1998
PMID:Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a blood constituent released from activated platelets, possibly playing a variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles. 982 62

Hyperlipidemia beside hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking, is considered as the most serious factor of atherosclerosis. Studies performed in Poland indicated that only 28% of men and 32% of women has proper lipids concentration in blood serum. In 1992 the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) divided hyperlipoproteinemia into three types: hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia, and each of them into mild and significant. Starting treatment attention should be paid not only on kind of lipid disorders, degree of its intensity, but also there should be evaluated other existing risk factors. Priority in treatment of hyperlipidemia consist of patients with established coronary heart disease and other forms of atherosclerotic disease. Clinical studies of last years for example like CARE, 4S, LCAS indicated plenty of advantages of lipid-lowering therapy in this group of patients, resulting in reduction total mortality coronary mortality, and recurrent coronary events. Second group consist of patients without clinical atherosclerotic disease, with high risk category. Advantages of lipid-lowering therapy in primary prevention resulting in reduction of coronary heart disease frequency proved between others study: LRC-CPPT, Oslo Study, WOSCOPS. Another groups consist postmenopausal women, in whose estrogen replacement therapy has an effect not only on improvement of lipides parameters, but also has beneficial effect on vassals endothelium and reduces risk of heart coronary disease down to 50%. Finally, there was described also problem of hypercholesterolemia treatment in young and older patients. New trends in treatment of lipid disorders were also presented.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1998 Sep
PMID:[Pharmacological treatment of lipid disorders according to present clinical studies]. 1010 87


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