Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The anatomical structure of intracranial arteries may favour the development of aneurysms because of poorly developed external elastic lamina and adventitia, gaps in the muscular layer and great number of collagenous fibres. However, the haemodynamic factor has the principal significance in initiation, growth and rupture of the aneurysms. The importance of this factor is especially great in cases of coexistence with developmental abnormalities of the arteries, arterial occlusion, hypertension, atherosclerosis or hereditary connective tissue disorders.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Views on the etiology and pathogenesis of intracranial saccular aneurysms]. 904 68

Atherosclerosis, the precursor of coronary heart disease may originate in childhood. The atherogenic potential of food is related to its cholesterol and saturated-fat content. The study population consisted of children from CHD-parents under the age 12 years with plasma total cholesterol > 170 mg/dl, LDL-Ch > 90 mg/dl and ApoB > 70 mg/dl. All the patients were advised a 6 month diet following National Program of Cholesterol Prevention recommendation. Plasma, TCh, LDL-Ch, ApoB, TG, Ch-esters saturated/unsaturated ratio and platelet factor 4 concentration decreased, LCAT activity and Ch-esters unsaturated increased during study period. We observed interesting correlation between: PF4 and ApoB, PF4 and LDL-Ch and PF4 and HDL-ECh 18:3. Our data show, that proper diet can modify risk factors of CHD in children with family history of CHD.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1996 Oct
PMID:[Effect of dietetic recommendations on the level of some lipid and hemostatic parameters in offspring of parents with risk factors for coronary heart disease]. 908 47

A comprehensive study on platelet aggregation, hemostasis, fibrinolysis and serum lipids in relation to peripheral serotonergic system has been performed on 41 nephrotic patients. Enhanced platelet aggregatory responses in both whole blood and in platelet rich plasma (PRP) were found upon stimulation with different agonists when compared to healthy volunteers. Increased levels of fibrinogen, fibrin monomers, and protein C activity were observed in nephrotic patients. Euglobulin clot lysis time was significantly prolonged in nephrotic patients. Activity of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) inhibitor was higher in nephrotic syndrome, whereas tPA activity was significantly lower in these patients when compared to controls. Urokinase concentration, lipoprotein (a), cholesterol, LDL and VLDL levels were significantly higher in nephrotic patients over controls. Whole blood serotonin was significantly lower, whereas plasma serotonin was significantly higher in nephrotic patients relative to controls. Serotonin uptake and its release from platelets were markedly diminished in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Disequilibrium in the coagulolytic system, platelet hyperactivity, hyperfibrinogenemia, disturbances in peripheral serotonergic system together with lipid abnormalities may contribute to the progression and development of atherosclerosis and an enhanced risk of thromboembolic complications in nephrotic syndrome.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Comprehensive study on platelet function, hemostasis, fibrinolysis, peripheral serotonergic system and serum lipids in nephrotic syndrome. 911 50

The histologic appearance of atherosclerosis has been well described but its pathogenesis is still vigorously debated. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the stimuli for smooth muscle cells (SMC) migration and proliferation as well as the way of cholesterol crystals (CC) generation. We performed postmortem ultrastructural analysis of myocardial samples obtained from 45 patients (33 males, 12 females, age range 18-85) who died from different diseases, mainly from acute myocardial infarction-MI (37 cases). Tissue was taken by transthorax express-necropsy method immediately after patients' death in the clinic. In myocardial infarction cases intact zones of the heart were examined. We have found a few foci of modified SMC proliferation in the periarteriolar space around necrotic cellular debris in elder patients. Lymphocytes, myofibroblasts and some leukocytes infiltrated those areas. The modified SMC phagocyted necrotic material and formed secondary lysosomes, inside which from one to three CC originated. In parallel with the reduction of necrotic mass inside the lysosomes, CC size increased. In the final phase the CC were discharged from the SMC into the interstitium. After exocytosis a tendency for the CC to accumulate was observed. They formed clusters consisting of 20-30 crystals. Most of the CC were of typical needle-like or rhomboid shape. Modified SMC were producing not only CC but also collagen and elastin. This study indicates that atherosclerotic process in the myocardium is connected with the appearance of modified SMC inside which CC are generated.
Pol J Pathol 1997
PMID:Cholesterol crystals, smooth muscle cells and new data on the genesis of atherosclerosis. 920 Sep 61

The endothelium has an unique role at the interface of the blood and the tissues. It is involved in numerous homeostatic function, metabolism of lipoproteins, regulation of vascular tone and plays a role in the immune response. Due to its anatomic position, the endothelium is a primary target for injuries and atheromatosis risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and smoking can alter endothelial function. A reduced release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors such as nitric oxide and an enhanced liberation of endothelium-derived contracting factors such as endothelin are common findings in the presence of atherosclerosis risk factors. These alterations of endothelial function are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis as well as progression and complications of atherosclerosis.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1996 Dec
PMID:[Potential role of the endothelium in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis]. 927 39

Diabetes mellitus in all its forms is the pathological state, which includes the atherogenic mechanisms of intensive action. This results in a very significant increase of the incidence, morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerotic complications. Such negative relationship is observed since decades and everywhere. Atherosclerosis is the main case of death in the subpopulation of diabetics in the degree much higher than in the general population. Therefore the studies of the mechanisms of the atherogenic influence of diabetes mellitus also of the possibility of preventive and therapeutic interventions are of utmost importance. Many of such studies are documenting, that such interventions are effective in practice. Active prevention and early individual diagnosis of atherosclerotic risk appears as the affective approach. The bare fact of such possibility was reminded in the paper.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1997 Jan
PMID:[Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for atherosclerosis--a reminder of the facts]. 929 1

Numerous indirect and direct, long-term, well designate, multicenter studies are pointing to the fact, that intensification of the hypoglycemic therapy of diabetes mellitus and also the control of the non-hyperglycemic risk factors of atherosclerosis decrease the incidence, morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerosis complications in the subpopulation of diabetics type I as well as type II. This positive finding requires the objective monitoring of the quality of diabetes mellitus care. One has to be sure, that its activity exerts also the anti-atherogenic effect. The respective indices are presented using the suggestions of the experts committees of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1997 Jan
PMID:[Measurement of treatment efficacy in diabetes: effect of atherosclerosis prevention and general effects]. 929 2

The aim of the study was the estimation of the lipid profile and prevalence of dyslipoproteinemia in patients with essential hypertension. The study group consisted of 108 outpatients (61 men and 47 women) with mild to moderate hypertension (HT), aged 35-64, who did not receive antihypertensive drugs for at least four weeks. The matched controls (MC) were randomly chosen for each HT patient from population of Warsaw inhabitants, covered by Pol-MONICA II screen. The concentrations of total cholesterol (CH) and triglycerides (TG) in serum and cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions and subfractions (LDL, HDL, HDL3) were measured by enzymatic methods. The levels of apolipoproteins (Apo A-I, Apo B) were estimated by immunoassay. Laboratory was under control of WHO-Lipid Reference Laboratory and CDC-NHLBI Lipid Standardization Program. In HT the concentration of cholesterol in LDL was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in MC, both in men (by 15%) and in women (by 22%), but the concentrations of cholesterol in HDL and HDL3 and Apo A-I (in men only) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in HT than in MC in men (by 21% and by 26%) as well in women (by 16% and by 25%). Also in HT group the mean levels of TG, CH and Apo B were higher than in MC, but these differences were significant only in TG level in men. In HT group the prevalence of normolipemia was twice lower than in MC (22% and 42%). Essential hypertension fractions is associated with abnormal levels of some lipoprotein fraction and with higher prevalence of hyperlipoproteinemia. The coexistence of both abnormalities may be particularly detrimental as important factor in the development of atherosclerosis.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1997 Feb
PMID:[Dyslipoproteinemia in primary hypertension]. 931 61

Out of a group of patients aged 60 years and more with the diagnosis of psychasthenic form of cerebral arteriosclerosis complicated by hyperlipoproteinaemia three subgroups matched for sex, education, social class and place of residence but differing in disease duration were isolated, and three analogous subgroups were selected from healthy subjects which were regarded as controls in the statistical analysis. As the results of statistical analysis it was found that in elderly patients, taking of hypolipaemic drugs influenced evidently negatively the emotional sphere, and that short duration of neuro- and psychasthenic forms of cerebral artery atherosclerosis had greater influence on the frequency of conflicts in nearest surroundings since short duration of the disease probably made impossible full adaptation and acceptation of the disease. The attention was paid to the necessity of introduction of psychotherapy into hypolipaemic treatment.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1997 Jul
PMID:[Dynamics of somatic and psychic manifestations in elderly patients hospitalized for a psychasthenic form of cerebral artery atherosclerosis during the course of hypolipidemic treatment]. 943

The aim of this study was to evaluate serum lipid abnormalities, particularly lipoprotein (a), [Lp(a)] as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in children with mild and moderate renal failure. Study were performed on 14 children of whom serum creatinine levels were above 265.3 mumol/l and 32 patients with serum creatinine levels below 265.3 mumol/l. Control group consisted of 27 healthy age-matched subjects. All children were tested for concentration of serum Lp(a), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (C-LDL) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (C-HDL). It was found a significantly increase in Lp(a), TC, C-LDL and significantly decrease in C-HDL in children with more advanced renal insufficiency compared to the control. In children with mild renal failure concentration of serum Lp(a) also increased but not significantly. Patients in this group had elevated serum TC and decreased C-HDL. These results suggest that even in the early stages of renal insufficiency in children abnormalities of lipoprotein are present. Such abnormalities, particularly Lp(a) might contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis in this patients.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1997 Sep
PMID:[Lipoprotein (a) in children with chronic renal failure treated conservatively]. 946 9


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