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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This review discusses recent experimental findings in prostacyclin, nitric oxide and endothelin research. Prostacyclin formation by endothelial cells in atherosclerosis and diabetes is reviewed and the synthesis of prostacyclin by cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2) is discussed. Further work on nitric oxide describes its involvement in septic and haemorrhagic shock and its interactions with the cyclooxygenase pathway. Recent studies in endothelin research include the development of both selective and orally active receptor antagonists, characterization of endothelin converting enzymes and the involvement of endothelin-1 in inflammation and wound repair.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Regulatory mechanisms of the vascular endothelium: an update. 762 May 13

Recent research findings have suggested a role for pharmacology as well as nutritional antioxidants in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Data from animal studies as well as culture experiments have shown that probucol, which has hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties, is able to prevent oxidative modification of low density lipoproteins. Such modification is now believed to play a major part in the initiation and progression of arterial lesions. Nutrients with antioxidant properties such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and monounsaturated fatty acids (when they replace polyunsaturated fatty acids) can reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation. Antioxidant therapy, if proven useful, should be considered an adjunct to lipid-lowering therapy in order to have the greatest impact on coronary heart disease.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Prevention of atherosclerosis with the help of antioxidants]. 765 13

Advances in the studies on the structure and role of adhesive particles make possible putting forward of the hypothesis that they may also play a significant role in the immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis. It was demonstrated that in the earliest phase of atherosclerosis development, increased adhesion occurred of monocytes to the vascular endothelium, while autopsy examinations showed the presence of monocytes and T-cells within atherosclerotic lesions. The present studies concentrate on the role of individual adhesive particles as determinants of the above phenomena.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[The role of adhesion molecules in the immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis]. 770 51

In 25 patients with atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries (ALLA) in whom vascular operation was performed, the level of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes and antithrombin III (AT III) activity were determined in comprehensive studies of the blood clotting system. The comparative group for the assessment of operation effect on primarily not disturbed haemostasis in humans included 10 men operated on for inguinal hernia, while the control group consisted of 54 healthy people. Blood for the determinations was taken before the operation, on the day of the operation (0-30 minutes after the operation), on the first day after it, and also on the third day in patients with hernia, and on the 7th day in patients with ALLA. In the patients with ALLA, blood hypercoagulation features were found, expressed as increased level of TAT complexes in spite of lack of abnormalities in comprehensive coagulation studies, while in the patients with hernia only increased AT III activity was found. The surgical operation caused in the patients with ALLA enhancing of hypercoagulation which was evidenced by over threefold increase of TAT complexes on the day of the operation.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Effect of vascular surgery on values of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes in patients with atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries]. 770 52

In 21 patients with T3, T4 pharyngo-laryngeal cancer circumferential resection with immediate reconstruction using a free revascularized jejunal autograft was performed. In 13 cases the jejunal reconstruction was successful. In patients previously not irradiated the rate of success was 75% and in irradiated ones 37.5%. Five patients survived more than 5 years: one more than 7, two more than 6 and one more than 5. One patient with an unsuccessful jejunal graft and with subsequent skin reconstruction survived more than 6 years. The causes of failure were:-irreversible spasm of the arteries in 2 cases, skinking of the vessels resulting in flap necrosis in flap necrosis in 2 cases, -necrosis due to widespread atherosclerosis of the cervical arteries in 3 cases and of an unknown cause in 1 case. The cause of death was: widespread metastases in 12 cases, C.V.A. in 1 case, road traffic accident in 1 case, complications of the ileus in 1 case and carotid artery haemorrhage in 1 case. One of the successful patients was irradiated postoperatively, because the pathology report stated there was incomplete resection, and survived more than 6 years with no disturbance of swallowing. In general 10 patients died in the first year, 4 in the second, 1 in the third and 1 in the fourth--without any signs of recurrence. The five year survival of 24% in the presented group is relatively high in comparison with the generally accessible data for T3, T4 hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated by any of the usual methods.
Otolaryngol Pol 1994
PMID:[The latest results of the advanced hypopharyngeal cancer surgery with immediate reconstruction using the free jejunal autograft]. 797 Jul 59

The relationship between thrombosis and atherosclerosis has been already suggested in the middle of the last century. More recently, in 1976 a hypothesis has been put forward which emphasize the leading role of chronic injury to endothelial cells followed by platelet attachment and the release of platelet derived growth factors in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. There is also a growing body of evidence that cytokines, thrombin and the fibrinolytic system are involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Lipoprotein (a) is emerging as a link between atherogenic role of lipids and the haemostatic system. At the same time epidemiological data are pointing at the possible role of fibrinogen, factor VII and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 as risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Thrombus formation is also responsible for the majority of acute coronary syndromes. On the other hand aspirin and other antiplatelet drugs seem to protect from vascular complications of atherosclerosis. Than the question which rather arises is: what is the best antithrombotic strategy in patients with cardiovascular diseases?
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Should hemostatic factors be considered in the prevention of cardiovascular disease?]. 797 94

Important discoveries of the last twenty years indicate that blood platelets play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of many serious diseases. These include atherosclerosis with its acute vascular complications like myocardial infarction and many forms of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Their role is not limited here to platelet participation in thrombus formation. This is why we are constantly searching for a method which will allow to detect platelet activation in vivo before any important damage to vital organs and tissues will take place. Despite the implementation of sophisticated modern laboratory techniques reliable assessment of such activation poses still a clinical and laboratory problem.
Acta Haematol Pol 1994
PMID:[Laboratory methods of estimating blood platelet activation]. 799 72

Living in aerobic conditions carries a risk of oxidative stress, in connection with free radical deleterious action on tissues and cells. Free radical mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, as well as in host defense against various invading microorganisms. A substantial body of evidence has been reported on free radical involvement in inflammation, ischaemia/reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis and many other pathologies. The aim of this paper is to review selected literature and opinions concerning free radical-induced damage to tissues and to present xenobiotic contribution to oxidative stress.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Some biochemical and pharmacological aspects of free radical-mediated tissue damage. 800 Apr 41

The purpose of this study was to establish the correlation between the intensity of atherosclerosis of the lower extremities found in the course of the Doppler examination, and type of hyperlipoproteinaemia. An attempt was undertaken to analyse the relation of the risk factors of obliterative atherosclerosis to the condition of the arteries in the lower extremities. 53 men at the age of 37 to 63 years (mean age 51 years) were examined. HLP type IIa, IIb, IV, was found in 16, 19, 18 patients respectively. The control group consisted of 30 healthy non-smoking men. The examination was performed using ACUSON 128 with a linear probe 5 and 7 MHz. The Doppler spectrum was registered from the external iliac, common femoral, superficial femoral, deep femoral and popliteal arteries. Simultaneously, a two-dimensional color picture of contrasted vessels, and the Doppler spectrum of blood velocity were recorded. Blood velocity spectrum was quantitatively assessed according to the classification suggested by Jager et al. The results of the Doppler examination confirmed the unfavourable influence of the so called risk factors on the progress of atherosclerosis, especially low serum concentration of HDL cholesterol and cigarette smoking. Besides, the examination has proved the possibility to diagnose even asymptomatic atherosclerotic lesions of the arteries of lower extremities.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1994 Feb
PMID:[Usefulness of doppler ultrasonography in diagnosing changes in atherosclerotic lesions in lower extremity arteries in hyperlipoproteinemia]. 800 15

The results of hypothyreosis therapy with thyroideum (dried thyroid gland) were assessed in 40 patients. The study aimed at establishing proper dosage and assaying blood serum T4, T3, and TSH levels. Daily dose of 1 tablet (0.2 mg of iodine) improved clinical status but did not cover the daily requirement of the body for thyroid hormones. An increase in daily dose to 2 tablets (0.4 mg of iodine) produced nearly complete compensation of hypothyreosis. However, such a daily dose was often associated with adverse reactions, especially in patients with arterial hypertension or atherosclerosis. Thyroid hormones assay has shown that dried thyroid gland administered in daily dose of 0.4 mg normalizes serum T3 levels whereas serum T3 levels remained constantly low, and TSH increased as in non-treated disease. An increase of the daily dose to 0.6 mg of iodine produces excessive increase in serum T3 levels with clinical symptoms of T3 toxicity.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Outcome of treating hypothyroidism with thyreoideum]. 809 Jun 51


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