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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the study was to investigate alterations in the content of the basic lipid fractions, and of the low density lipoproteins (LDL) in the liver, the blood serum and aorta, as well as to determine by acrylamide disc electrophoresis the hyperlipoproteinaemic type of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) which are considered as the most suitable model of essential hypertension. The experiments were carried out on 25 normotensive control Wistar rats and 30 SHR (Okamoto-Aoki strain). An augmentation of lipid metabolism in the liver and a moderate hyperlipidaemia mainly due to an increase in triglycerides was found. The quantitative alterations of the lipid fractions corresponded with the qualitative alterations of the lipoproteins, an intensive and permanent pre-beta-LP fraction being established. In all the SHR a peculiar pattern of hyperlipoproteinaemia differing from the basic Fredickson-Lees patterns by a LP-fraction located between tha alpha- and beta-LP fractions was also established. The alterations in the lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in SHR are considered as connected with the hypertensive state itself since no accompanying atherosclerosis was observed.
Cor Vasa 1976
PMID:The action of arterial hypertension on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. II. Qualitative and quantitative alterations of blood serum, liver and aortic lipids and lipoproteins in Okamoto-Aoki rats with spontaneous hypertension. 18 75

The authors investigated enzymic systems and corresponding substrate cycles that transport hydrogen across the mitochondrial membrane in a myocardium with experimental cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. Sensitive spectrophotometric methods were used for assessing the activities of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzymes: lactate and alpha-glycerphosphate dehydrogenases, and of characteristic mitochondrial enzymes: glutamate and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases. Specific enzymological methods were used in determining the concentrations of lactic, pyruvic, glycerophosphoric, dihydroacetonephosphoric, malic, oxaloacetic, glutamic, alpha-ketoglutaric, acetoacetic, and beta-hydroxybutyric acids. The cytoplasmic NAD/NADH quotient was calculated. The investigators found a reduction of enzymic activities in the "shuttle" transport system studied, marked deviations from normal levels of their substrates, and a reduction of the NAD/NADH quotient by the factor 0.56. All these phenomena represent a biochemical background of a complex of symptoms characterizing severe myocardial lesion in experimental atherosclerosis.
Cor Vasa 1977
PMID:Biochemical background of atherosclerotic heart lesion in an experiment. 20 32

Guancydine (1-cyano-3-tert-amylguanidine) lowered within normal limits the tensional values in an interval of four hours after its administration in eight out of nine hypertensive patients under experiment. The hypotensive effect of a single oral dose of 500-750 mg persists for about 6-7 hours after its administration. Guancydine does not impair the vasopressor response to angiotensin II but reduces the action of this peptide on the excretion of water, Na, K and Ca through urine. The hypotensive effect of Guancydine is associated with a decrease of platelet adhesiveness and an activation of fibrinolysis. In view of this fact, Guancydine might play a role in the prophylaxis of complications of arterial hypertension - atherosclerosis and trombosis. The increase of venous blood oxygenation after Guancydine could be attributed to the opening of arterio-venous shunts or to the reduction of tissular extraction of oxygen. Guancydine does not seem to be toxic. It produced, in some patients, slight headache and orthostatic hypotension, especially during the first hours after administration.
Cor Vasa 1977
PMID:Guancydine, a new hypotensive agent with complex action. 56 30

A clinico-pathologico-anatomical analysis of 150 cases of sudden death in a district of Bohemia in the period 1971--1973 revealed coronary atherosclerosis as the most frequent cause of sudden death(87.3%); stenosing coronary atherosclerosis without postmortally detectable myocardial necrosis participated by 71.7% in the coronary group. Men, especially in younger age groups, were more frequent victims than women. Within one-hour duration of the terminal episode, 57.3% of the deaths occurred; 45.3% of the decreased succumbed to sudden death at their homes. With advancing age, severe findings in the coronary vascular bed and in the myocardium became more frequent. One half of the victims of sudden death in the coronary group had histories of ischaemic heart disease; 37 suddenly deceased persons (28.2%) had experienced myocardial infarction. In another 25 victims of sudden death scars after formerly asymptomatic myocardial infarcts were found.
Cor Vasa 1977
PMID:Analysis of sudden deaths in a district of Bohemia in the period 1971--1973. 59

In 30 patients deceased because of various forms of ischaemic heart disease and in 10 control subjects who had died of other causes (age range in both groups, 60-89 years), the first proximal segments of the main coronary arteries were examined angiometrically. There were determined the circumference of the arterial lumen and the IM index, expressing the quotient intimal area/medial area. It was found that the magnitude of the IM index characterized, to a certain extent, the degree of severity of atherosclerosis: at IM values higher than the standard means there occurred complicated atherosclerotic lesions, and at lower IM values, only diffuse thickening of coronary arteries. The length of the circumference of the arterial lumen exhibited a positive correlation with the patients' age.
Cor Vasa 1978
PMID:Angiometric assessment of coronary atherosclerosis in ischaemic heart disease in elderly and old patients. 67 94

Clinical, angiological, and biochemical examinations were performed in 981 men and 30 women with organic afflictions of peripheral arteries, and in 411 men and 50 women without any signs of peripheral arterial lesions. Their family histories were thoroughly recorded with particular reference to the occurrence of myocardial infarction, cerebral accidents before and after the age of 60 years, and death of these causes; further, of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obliterations and gangraenes, in each patient's siblings, parents, and all four grandparents. Furthermore, the significance of positive family history in combination with other risk factors was investigated. Family history can be considered positive with respect to obliterative atherosclerosis when in anyone of the patient's grandparents, parents, or siblings an obliteration of peripheral arteries is present or when anyone of them died of myocardial infarction or apoplexy, especially when aged under 60 years. Presence of several factors in the specified next of kin accelerates the obliterative process in the patient. A positive family history, however, plays no decisive role either alone or in combination with any other single risk factor, but only in combination with two or more other factors, one of which is always tobacco smoking; it is not significant in any combination with obesity.
Cor Vasa 1978
PMID:Positive family history as a risk factor of obliterative atherosclerosis. 72 85

The dependence of aortic baroreceptor activity on aortic pressure and aortic distension was studied in isolated preparations "aortic arch--aortic nerve", obtained from normal rabbits and from rabbits with experimental hypertension and atherosclerosis varying in duration. It was found that in both atherosclerosis and hypertension the reactivity thresholds of aortic baroreceptors shifted toward higher pressures. In initial stages of hypertension and atherosclerosis this resetting results from changes in the baroreceptive zone itself, and aortic distensibility does not differ from the normal state. In later stages of hypertension and atherosclerosis the aortic distensibility decreases; in consequence of this the shift of baroreceptor reactivity threshold increases. Possible mechanism of baroreceptor resetting and its role in the regulation of arterial pressure in hypertension and atherosclerosis are discussed.
Cor Vasa 1977
PMID:Resetting of aortic baroreceptors in experimental hypertension and atherosclerosis. 87 98

Atherosclerotic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries (stained with Sudan IV) were appraised by a visual planimetric method. The material had been obtained in a WHO-sponsored epidemiological study of atherosclerosis, carried out in Tallin, Riga, Kharkov, Ryazan, and Yalta. The authors examined vessels obtained from 430 practically healthy men of various nutritional status, deceased when aged 40-69 years. The influence of tobacco smoking was investigated by analyses of vessels obtained from 313 men -- heavy smokers, and 82 non-smokers, deceased when aged 30--69 years. The results obtained justify the conclusion that the accelerating effects of over-nourishment and tobacco smoking on the development of coronary vascular atherosclerosis were much more pronounced in male brain-workers than in male manual workers.
Cor Vasa 1976
PMID:Influence of nutritional status and tobacco smoking on the development of atherosclerosis in male manual and brain workers. 100 Sep 83

The purpose of the investigation was to study the alterations in the lipid and lipoprotein content in the blood serum, the liver and the aortic wall of rats with experimentally induced salt, renal (Goldblatt) and adrenal-regeneration hypertension. The experiments were carried out on 59 Wistar rats (25 normotensive controls). It was established that both the serum and the liver lipid patterns vary in the three experimental models of hypertension. Thus, while in salt-induced hypertension no hyperlipidaemia and hyperlipoproteinaemia were established, in renal hypertension the serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were significantly increased in comparison to the controls. The cholesterol content in the liver was increased in all the three models of hypertension. The remaining lipid fractions were within normal ranges or a little decreased in salt-induced hypertension, while in renal and adrenal-regeneration hypertension their quantity was significantly increased. A two weeks' treatment with hypotensive prostaglandin E1 diminished the lipid and lipoprotein contents in the liver of rats with adrenal-regeneration hypertension, only cholesterol remaining unaltered. The blood serum level of free fatty acids increased in all the three models of experimental hypertension, as did the cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein level in the aortic wall. The alterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism established in this study are regarded as specific for the hypertensive process itself, since no histological alterations characteristic of atherosclerosis were observed.
Cor Vasa 1976
PMID:The action of arterial hypertension on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. I. Salt, adrenal-regeneration and renal (Goldblatt) hypertension. 100 Sep 84

Coagulability of arterial and venous blood was studied in 50 healthy subjects and in 179 patients with circulation disturbances caused by coronary atherosclerosis and rheumatic cardiopathies. All indicators characterizing the individual haemocoagulation phases were respected. In the healthy subjects the coagulative and fibrinolytic activities of venous blood were higher than those of arterial blood. In the patients with heart failure the coagulability of venous blood decreased and that of arterial blood increased. These phenomena were accompanied by fibrinogenaemia, appearance of fibrinogen B in the blood, elevation of free heparin, and inhibition, but occasional activation, of fibrinolysis in both vascular systems. The findings seem to signalize enhanced intravascular blood coagulability in patients with circulation disturbances, which phenomenon has to be taken into account in the treatment of such patients.
Cor Vasa 1976
PMID:Coagulability of arterial and venous blood in healthy subjects, patients with coronary atherosclerosis, and patients with rheumatic cardiopathies. 102 2


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