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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A strain of genetically selected White Carneau pigeons (WC-2) with increased atherosclerosis at similar plasma cholesterol concentrations as randomly bred (RBWC) pigeons was studied to evaluate the commonly known risk factors for atherosclerosis. Indicators for the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, "stress", hyperuricemia and hypothyroidism were determined. In pigeons fed the atherogenic diet, major differences in atherosclerosis were seen between WC-2 and RBWC. WC-2 pigeons had more aortic surface covered with plaque and greater concentrations of aortic nonesterified cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, uronic acid, and hydroxyproline, as well as a greater prevalence and severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis. For WC-2 and RBWC pigeons we found similar levels of hypercholesterolemia, mean blood pressure, plasma triglyceride and glucose concentrations. In addition, several other physiological variables such as plasma uric acid, calcium and phosphorus concentrations, adrenal and thyroid weights which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis were similar. The findings indicate that the differences in extent and severity of atherosclerosis between WC-2 and RBWC cannot be explained by differences in the risk factors studied. Possible genetic regulation of atherosclerosis by mechanisms operable in the arterial wall of WC-2 pigeons is suggested.
Atherosclerosis 1978 Dec
PMID:Risk factors in pigeons genetically selected for increased atherosclerosis susceptibility. 72 42

Blood of normal rabbits and those on atherogenic cholesterol diet was incubated with 2--14C-acetate of sodium. After incubation cholesterol and its precursors -- squalene and lanosterin -- were found and identified in the non-saponified fractions of leukocytes and platelets. The maximum specific activity was revealed in cholesterol, next in turn were lanosterin and squalene of leukocytes both in the normal rabbits and in those with atherosclerosis. In platelets the label was mainly accumulated in lanosterin.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1978 Dec
PMID:[Cholesterol biosynthesis in the blood of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis]. 72 10

The activity of the pituitary hormones (ACTH, STH, TTH, FSH, LH), the adrenal hormones (cortisol, aldosterone), the kidney hormone (renin), and the thyroid hormones (thyroxine tri-iodthyronine), the thyroxine binding capacity of blood proteins and the activity of the hormones of the pancreas (insulin) and the sex glands (testosterone, estradiol) were studied in 26 males suffering from ischemic heart disease verified by means of selective coronarography and in 20 healthy males with no atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries of the heart. Patients with ischemic heart disease were found to be marked by increased activity in the blood of ACTH, TTH, cortisol, aldosterone, insulin, and estradiol and reduced concentration of STH, thyroxine, and testosterone. These shifts in the activity of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system and in its subordinate hormonal systems play an important role in the origin of the atherosclerotic process and assosiated ischemic heart disease.
Kardiologiia 1978 Dec
PMID:[Hormones in ischemic heart disease with the presence of coronary atherosclerosis]. 73 79

Obesity leads to several complications that affect many body systems. This paper focuses mainly on the cardiovascular complications, which include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and stroke, and congestive heart failure; the last may be secondary not only to advanced coronary atherosclerosis, but also to other pathogenetic factors. The increased frequency of coronary heart disease in the obese is largely attributable to the commonly associated hypertension, diabetes mellitus and lipoprotein abnormalities, rather than the adiposity. The lipoprotein disorders that have a role in atherogenesis are decreased plasma concentrations of high-density lipoproteins and elevated plasma concentrations of low-density lipoproteins. Abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism are responsible for the increased frequency of cholelithiasis in obese persons. The factors that mediate the development of cardiovascular and gallbladder complications are correctable by an appropriate program of meal planning and physical activity.
Can Med Assoc J 1978 Dec 23
PMID:Medical complications of obesity. 73 18

Of the many blood parameters now regarded as useful in the study of arteriopathy particular importance is attached to viscosity and fibrinogen levels. Changes in viscosity lead to changes in flow and the supply of O2 to the tissues, while fibrinogen alterations frequently accompany or precede atherosclerosis, since they both encourage the intravascular deposition of fibrin and help to modify viscosity. The pharmacological correction of such changes is discussed.
Minerva Med 1978 Dec 29
PMID:[Study of blood viscosity and fibrinogen as a guide to the therapy of atherosclerotic peripheral arteriopathy]. 74 6

The "Minsk-22" computer was used to study the rhythm of cardiac contractions. The R - R intervals of ECG tracings were studied in 1000 to 2000 cardiac cycles. The measurement of these intervals was performed automatically by means of a special device - intervalmeter. The data input was done from a punch tape. Mathematical analysis of the cardiac rhythm consisted in calculating the mathematical expectance, excess and asymmetry of the distribution of the R - R intervals of ECG. This method was employed for the analysis of the sinus rhythm in normal individuals and in patients with atherosclerosis and rheumatic heart diseases. The rhythm was recorded at rest and during functional tests (administration of nitroglycerine, or single breath holding at the peak of inspiration). The asymmetry of the R - R intervals distribution is an index that helps to reveal the dynamics of the transitory processes, being in this respect superior to the intervalgramme. The excess index permits to evaluate quantitatively the stability of the rhythm and the peculiarities of its regulation. Employment of the described methods of cardiac rhythm analysis is expedient for various functional tests and the assessment of the pharmacological effects.
Kardiologiia 1975 Dec
PMID:[Statistical analysis of cardiac rhythm with the use of moments of higher orders (asymetry and excess)]. 77 68

The uptake and incorporation of [I14-C] oleic acid by diseased arterial intima removed by thrombendarteriectomy in 3 patients with Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) was studied. The diagnosis of TAO had been established by clinical, angiographic and histological criteria. The uptake and distribution of the label was found very similar in TAO and normal intima and differed considerably from atherosclerotic intima, from fatty streaks as well as from fibro-fatty lesions. In fatty streak lesions the incorporation of [I14-C] oleic acid into phospholipid, triglyceride and cholesterol ester was significantly increased compared to TAO, normal intima and unbilical artery. In TAO the distribution of labeled lipids between subcellular fractions of the arterial intima was also studied and, as in normal intima, most of the cholesterol ester were found membrane-bound whereas in fibro-fatty lesions the bulk of the cholesterol ester was present in the lipid skin fraction. The incorporation of [I14-C] oleic acid into different phospholipids was highest in atherosclerotic intima while no significant differences were found between normal intima and TAO. These data suggest a different pathogenesis of TAO and atherosclerosis.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1975 Dec 31
PMID:Lipid metabolism of the arterial wall in thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease). 81 3

Arteriosclerosis and a dissecting aortic aneurysm were diagnosed radiographically and confirmed at necropsy in an aged female squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). The radiographic findings closely resembled the analogous syndrome in man. The dissection began in the aortic arch, extended along the media, and recommunicated with the aortic lumen at the level of the renal arteries. Arterial lesions also included medial necrosis and moderate atherosclerosis.
Lab Anim Sci 1976 Dec
PMID:Spontaneous dissecting aortic aneurysm in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). 82 18

The mean length of the LCA found by pathological (or angiographic) methods is fairly constant. This exclusively anatomical study shows no significant relationship between the length of the LCA and stenotic atherosclerosis in the LCA or the heart weight or a dominant left circumflex coronary artery or a complete His left bundle-branch block.
Am Heart J 1977 Dec
PMID:The length of the left main coronary artery: pathological features. 92 May 79

Coronary arterial dissection is extremely rare. Such dissections have been reported to occur secondary to atherosclerosis, trauma, the postpartum state, and cystic medial necrosis and to be iatrogenically induced during catheterization. The clinical picture of coronary arterial dissection is usually sudded death. A review of the literature reveals that our case is the second in which a spontaneous coronary arterial dissection has been diagnosed during life and documented by coronary arteriographic studies. This report describes a 31-year-old man who presented with an acute inferior myocardial infarction. Coronary arteriographic studies demonstrated a dissection of the right coronary artery.
Chest 1977 Dec
PMID:Primary dissecting aneurysm of the right coronary artery. 92 12


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