Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A dietary survey was conducted in 1980 in connection with the Multicentre Study on Atherosclerosis Precursors in Finnish Children in five urban and 12 rural communes in various parts of Finland. 1,768 children aged 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 years were interviewed using the 48 hour recall method. Food consumption, and the intakes of energy and 49 nutrients were calculated. The intakes of energy and most nutrients increased in the successive age groups until the age of 15 years. There were only small differences in the diet of children belonging to different social classes. Protein accounted for 14% of total energy intake, fat for 38%, total carbohydrate for 48%, and sucrose for 10%. The ratio of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the diet (P/S) was 0.24 for the whole material, which is higher than found in previous studies in Finland. The P/S ratio was higher in urban areas and West Finland than in rural areas and in East Finland. The share of fat of energy intake exceeded the recommendation given by the Ministry of Health and the P/S ratio was lower than recommended. The mean daily intakes of energy and vitamins met the recommendations. Of the mineral elements, the intakes of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and manganese were abundant. The intakes of iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chromium were lower than recommended in most age groups and the intakes of selenium and fluorine in all age groups. The large share of refined foods in the children's diet was the main reason for the low nutrient densities.
 ...
PMID:Atherosclerosis precursors in Finnish children and adolescents. VIII. Food consumption and nutrient intakes. 386 23

A four-month experiment with rabbits was carried out, aiming at the elucidation of fluorine effect in the development of experimental hypercholesterolemia. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups: group I--control; group II--treated with 0,5 mg/kg cholesterol; group III--administered 10 MAC fluorine; group IV and V--treated with combination fluorine and cholesterol. The animals were monthly examined and the dynamics of body weight, total blood count were followed up as well as the biochemical indices/ total lipids, cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins, blood sugar, urea, uric acid and some electrolytes/. Femurs and teeth of the experimental animals were tested for fluorine content and dry substance in them. Pathoanatomical and histochemical investigations were also performed. The results obtained allow to admit that fluorine, as a mictoelement, plays a certain role in the inhibition of the development of the experimental hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of fluorine on development of experimental atherosclerosis]. 717 62

It has been shown that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease. In this study, we measured total plasma homocysteine in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and evaluated its correlation with atherosclerosis. Subjects consisted of healthy volunteers, and hemodialysis (HD) and CAPD patients. Fluoro-HPLC was employed to estimate plasma levels of total homocysteine (Hcy). Plasma levels of total Hcy were significantly higher in the CAPD patients compared with the HD patients and controls. Atherosclerotic score (ASS) was calculated, and the correspondence with plasma levels of total Hcy was analyzed. There was a significant correlation between plasma levels of total Hcy and ASS in CAPD patients. However, plasma levels of total Hcy did not correlate with age, plasma vitamin B6 level, residual renal function, protein catabolic rate (PCR), or KT/V. Our present study suggests that elevated concentrations of total plasma Hcy might play a role in the development of atherosclerosis in CAPD patients.
 ...
PMID:Hyperhomocysteinemia as a possible role for atherosclerosis in CAPD patients. 799 46

Our views on paediatric nutrition have considerably changed during the last 20 years. Some hereditary metabolic diseases testify to the remarkable efficacy of a specific preventive dietetics avoiding the development of mental retardation. Although certain deficiencies (in iron, fluorine, folates, vitamin D) are persisting in France, the major problems concern the prevention in childhood of allergy, obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, osteoporosis and even certain cancers, all diseases which play a crucial role in the morbidity and mortality of adults. Numerous uncertainties still exist, but in the present state of our knowledge we can already develop some recommendations which should replace the much abusive publicity that prevails in the information given to the public.
 ...
PMID:[Towards preventive dietetics in children]. 850 35

To measure myocardial blood flow, Nitrogen-13 ammonia. Oxygen-15 water, Rubidium-82 and et al. are used. Each has merit and demerit. By measuring myocardial coronary flow reserve, the decrease of flow reserve during dipyridamole in patients with hypercholesterolemia or diabetes mellitus without significant coronary stenosis was observed. The possibility of early detection of atherosclerosis was showed. As to myocardial metabolism, glucose metabolism is measured by Fluorine-18 fluorodexyglucose (FDG), and it is considered as useful for the evaluation of myocardial viability. We are using FDG to evaluate insulin resistance during insulin clamp in patients with diabetes mellitus by measuring glucose utilization rate of myocardium and skeletal muscle. FFA metabolism has been measured by 11C-palmitate, but absolute quantification has not been performed. Recently the method for absolute quantification was reported, and new radiopharmaceutical 18F-FTHA was reported. Oxygen metabolism has been estimated by 11C-acetate. Myocardial viability, cardiac efficiency was evaluated by oxygen metabolism. As to receptor or sympathetic nerve end, cardiac insufficiency or cardiac transplantation was evaluated. Imaging of positron emitting radiopharmaceutical by gamma camera has been performed. Collimator method is clinically useful for cardiac imaging of viability study.
 ...
PMID:[The review of myocardial positron emission computed tomography and positron imaging by gamma camera]. 964 28

Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has evolved from a research imaging modality assessing brain function in physiologic and pathologic states to a pure clinical necessity. It has been successfully used for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring a variety of malignancies. FDG-PET imaging also is evolving into a powerful imaging modality that can be effectively used for the diagnosis and monitoring of a certain nononcological diseases. PET has been shown to be very useful in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis, painful prostheses, sarcoidosis, fever of unknown etiology, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Based on recent observations, several other disorders, such as environment-induced lung diseases, atherosclerosis, vasculitis, back pain, transplantation, and blood clot, can be successfully assessed with this technique. With the development and the introduction of several new PET radiotracers, it is expected that PET will secure a major role in the management of patients with inflammatory and other benign disorders.
 ...
PMID:Evolving role of positron emission tomography in the management of patients with inflammatory and other benign disorders. 1549 8

The human organism is exposed to numerous processes that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS may directly or indirectly cause oxidative modification and damage of proteins. Protein oxidation is regarded as a crucial event in the pathogenesis of various diseases ranging from rheumatoid arthritis to Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis. As a representative example, oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is regarded as a crucial event in atherogenesis. Data concerning the role of circulating oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in the development and outcome of diseases are scarce. One reason for this is the shortage of methods for direct assessment of the metabolic fate of circulating oxLDL in vivo. We present an improved methodology based on the radiolabelling of apoB-100 of native LDL (nLDL) and oxLDL, respectively, with the positron emitter fluorine-18 ((18)F) by conjugation with N-succinimidyl-4-[(18)F]fluorobenzoate ([(18)F]SFB). Radiolabelling of both nLDL and oxLDL using [(18)F]SFB causes neither additional oxidative structural modifications of LDL lipids and proteins nor alteration of their biological activity and functionality, respectively, in vitro. The method was further evaluated with respect to the radiopharmacological properties of both [(18)F]fluorobenzoylated nLDL and oxLDL by biodistribution studies in male Wistar rats. The metabolic fate of [(18)F]fluorobenzoylated nLDL and oxLDL in rats in vivo was further delineated by dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) using a dedicated small animal tomograph (spatial resolution of 2 mm). From this study we conclude that the use of [(18)F]FB-labelled LDL particles is an attractive alternative to, e.g., LDL iodination methods, and is of value to characterize and to discriminate the kinetics and the metabolic fate of nLDL and oxLDL in small animals in vivo.
 ...
PMID:Catabolism of native and oxidized low density lipoproteins: in vivo insights from small animal positron emission tomography studies. 1601 80

This study was done in rabbits placed on a low-cholesterol (0.5 g%) and high-cholesterol (2.0 g%) diet to induce experimental atherosclerosis. The intake of fluorine in the form of NaF in water was 3 mg F(-)/kg b.w./24 h. The activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) was increased in plasma and decreased in the liver of rabbits on the high-cholesterol diet and in animals simultaneously exposed to NaF in water. Two months of the low-cholesterol diet produced an increase in SDH activity in plasma as a direct consequence of exposure to fluoride in the diet and presumably caused by accumulation of fluoride in the liver.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of sodium fluoride on the activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase in plasma and liver of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis]. 1689 77

A previously healthy 40-year-old woman presented as unstable angina. She had a family history of stroke as the only cardiovascular risk factor. Her blood pressure on admission was 150/90 mmHg. Laboratory study showed absolutely all negative markers of inflammation, autoimmune disorders, or atherosclerosis. Coronary angiography revealed subtotal ostial stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA). Additionally, total occlusion of the ostium of the right subclavian artery and severe discrete ostial stenoses of left subclavian, celiac, superior mesenteric, both renal arteries were demonstrated on multidetector computed tomographic and magnetic resonance angiographies. She underwent stent implantation at the culprit lesion of RCA, and the left subclavian and both renal arteries. The fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography-computed tomography showed slightly increased glucose metabolism at the proximal left subclavian artery. She is doing very well for 10 months during taking antiplatelet agents only.
 ...
PMID:Disseminated multiple ostial stenoses in a young woman presenting as unstable angina. 1885 Mar 20

Increased plasma levels of S100 proteins and interaction of S100 proteins with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) have been associated with a number of disease states, including chronic inflammatory processes and atherosclerosis. However, data concerning the role of circulating S100 proteins in these pathologies in vivo are scarce and, furthermore, it is currently not known whether RAGE is the sole receptor for extracellular S100 proteins in vivo. We report a novel methodology using recombinant human S100 proteins radiolabelled with fluorine-18, particularly, (18)F-S100A12, in receptor binding studies and cellular association studies in vitro, and in dynamic small animal positron emission tomography (PET) studies in rats in vivo. Association to both human aortic endothelial cells and macrophages revealed specific binding of (18)F-S100A12 to RAGE, but, furthermore, provides evidence for interaction of (18)F-S100A12 to various scavenger receptors (SR). PET data showed temporary association of (18)F-S100A12 with tissues overexpressing RAGE (e.g., lung), and, moreover, accumulation of (18)F-S100A12 in tissues enriched in cells overexpressing SR (e.g., liver and spleen). Blockade of overall SR interaction by maleylated BSA (malBSA) clearly shows diminished in vivo association of (18)F-S100A12 to these tissues as well as a significant increment of the mean plasma residence time of (18)F-S100A12 (4.8+/-0.4 h vs. 2.3+/-0.3 h). The present approach first demonstrates that besides RAGE also scavenger receptors contribute to distribution, tissue association and elimination of circulating proinflammatory S100A12.
 ...
PMID:Scavenger receptors are associated with cellular interactions of S100A12 in vitro and in vivo. 2002 91


1 2 3 4 Next >>