Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In epididymal adipose tissue from rats, human serum antagonizes inhibition of basal lipolysis by nicotinic acid in vitro. Under similar conditions caffeine-stimulated lipolysis was unaffected by the presence of human serum. Very low density (VLDL), low density (LDL) and high density (HDL) lipoproteins were all found to antagonize the action of nicotinic acid on basal lipolysis. VLDL also antagonized prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-inhibition of basal lipolysis in vitro. The fat cell membrane was suggested as the site at which human serum lipoproteins antagonize nicotinic acid or PGE1 antilipolytic action on basal lipolysis in vitro.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Oct
PMID:Modification of nicotinic acid and prostaglandin E1 antilipolytic action in vitro. 18 78

Ingestion of coffee was followed after one-half and one hour by shortening of whole blood fibrinolysis time. The amount of coffee was equivalent to a heaped teaspoonsful and a standard brand of instant coffee was tested. The effect was laregly lost when decaffeinated coffee was taken. It appears that the caffeine in the amounts of coffee ordinarily consumed stimulates fibrinolytic activity but 2 of the 12 subjects were resistant to the effect.
Atherosclerosis 1977 Feb
PMID:Short-term effect of coffee on blood fibrinolytic activity in healthy adults. 83 59

Eating patterns of 456 New Orleans males, ages twenty to sixty years, indicate that clock-time and frequency of ingesting foods may help define life styles related to raised coronary lesions. Age, race, and occupation were also related to raised coronary lesions. The multiplicity of variables and strong interrelationships make evaluation difficult, but results from correlation studies, analyses of variance, and discriminant function analyses suggest that the number of meals plus heavy snacks, frequency of intake of caffeine and alcoholic beverages, and cigarette smoking rate for the last ten years of life may be valid factors in relation to development of atherosclerotic lesions. In other words, not only what we eat, as is now generally accepted, but how and when we eat it, merit consideration in studying the etiology of atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:Dietary-atherosclerosis study on deceased persons. Relation of eating pattern to raised coronary lesions. 114 10

The influence of coffee and caffeine consumption on hemostatic factors was studied in 2 randomized trials. Both studies were conducted in young, healthy adults. In the first study, 107 participants were randomly allocated to one or 3 intervention groups, drinking filtered coffee, boiled coffee or no coffee at all, respectively, for a period of 9 weeks. In the second study, 69 subjects received either 4-6 tablets containing 75 mg caffeine or the same amount of placebo tablets, while using decaffeinated coffee. In this double-blind study caffeine intake from any other source was not allowed. Blood samples for hemostatic factors were obtained at baseline and after 9 weeks of intervention. The findings indicate no effect of coffee consumption on fibrinogen, clotting factor VII activity, factor VIII antigen, protein C and protein S and also no effect of caffeine consumption on fibrinogen and factor VII activity.
Atherosclerosis 1990 Aug
PMID:Coffee, caffeine and hemostasis: results from two randomized studies. 214 67

The effects of coffee and tea on serum lipoproteins, plasma and urinary prostanoids and thromboxane production by platelets were studied in 12 healthy volunteers aged 33-45 years. They consumed daily, during 3 successive periods of 3 weeks, 8 cups of either instant coffee (16 g/d), instant tea (2.8 g/d) or rosehip 'tea'. The daily dose of coffee yielded 520 mg caffeine, that of tea 200 mg caffeine, while no caffeine was detected in the rosehip 'tea'. No differences were observed between the study periods in the total serum or serum lipoprotein (VLDL, LDL, HDL2, HDL3) cholesterol or triglyceride concentrations. Plasma and serum concentrations and urinary excretion of prostanoids (plasma and urinary TXB2, PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and serum TXB2) remained constant during the three study periods. These results suggest that coffee or caffeine do not exert any detectable effects on serum lipids in healthy normolipidaemic individuals.
Atherosclerosis 1985 Oct
PMID:Effects of coffee and tea on lipoproteins and prostanoids. 407 61

Patient care and research in clinical vascular surgery have traditionally and appropriately focused on the complications of atherosclerosis. Without question, however, the clinical field of vascular surgery encompasses a number of areas other than clinical vasospasm as exemplified by Raynaud's syndrome. At the Clinical Research Center at the Oregon Health Sciences University, during the past 20 years the vascular surgery unit has maintained an active research program in Raynaud's syndrome and to date has enrolled and longitudinally followed more than 1000 patients with this affliction. There has been an opportunity to participate in the long-term management of this large population with emphasis both on natural history and vascular laboratory diagnosis and treatment. Raynaud's syndrome is a condition characterized by episodic digital ischemia in response to cold or emotional stimuli. The incidence is greater in women, and it is more frequent in areas with a cool, damp climate. Raynaud's usually affects the hands and fingers, but it may affect the feet and toes as well. The classical Raynaud's attack is tricolor and consists of blanching of the digits resulting from cessation of arterial flow, then cyanosis upon rewarming. This is followed by reactive hyperemia, which causes the digits to turn red. Raynaud's syndrome is classified into two groups: vasospastic or obstructive. Vasospastic Raynaud's is generally cold-induced. Nicotine, stress, and caffeine are associated with vasospasm. Obstructive Raynaud's is observed in association with other diseases such as connective tissue disorders, atherosclerosis, traumatic occlusion, Buerger's disease, and occupational related disorders. The diagnosis of Raynaud's is based on differentiating between vasospasm and obstruction and detecting the presence of associated disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Raynaud's syndrome: diagnosis and treatment. 774 70

Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality in industrialised countries. Contrary to cancer research, cardiovascular research mostly ignores toxic effects, apart from nicotine, caffeine, alcohol, a few pharmaceutical drugs, and the (in our countries) minor workplace problems carbon disulfide, nitrate esters, and carbon monoxide. But many workplace chemicals are known to be harmful to the cardiovascular system; beside the mentioned, also organic solvents, metals, pesticides, vinyl chloride, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc. Several toxic mechanisms in the cardiovascular system are already known: e.g., long-term development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmia. To neglect cardiovascular toxicity is contrary to logic; for many cardiovascular diseases toxic effects may be constitutive; more of these effects may be seen in the future.
 ...
PMID:[Do workplace chemicals harm the heart?]. 832 24

The hypothesis that cytochrome P450IA2 (CYPIA2) and/or N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) may be involved in the pathogenesis of peripheral arterial disease was investigated in 90 Australian patients with significant disease and 81 matched control subjects. CYPIA2 and NAT2 phenotypes were determined from urinary metabolite patterns after an oral dose of caffeine. NAT2 phenotype was similar (chi 2 = 0.01; p = 0.98) in both atherosclerotic patients (43.3% rapid) and control subjects (42.0% rapid). CYPIA2 metabolism as measured by the median ratio of (1,7-dimethylxanthine + 1,7-dimethyluric acid)/caffeine was significantly induced by smoking in both patients with atherosclerosis (ratio of 6.5 in nonsmokers and 12.4 in smokers; p < 0.05) and control subjects (ratio of 8.2 in nonsmokers and 14.8 in smokers; p < 0.05), but values in atherosclerotic and control nonsmokers and smokers were similar. Probit transformation of the data revealed a trimodal distribution of ratios in control subjects who were nonsmokers, with 5% classified as poor metabolizers (homozygous rapid) and 95% as extensive metabolizers. The distribution of ratios in control subjects who were smokers was unimodal, whereas among the patients with arterial disease, both smokers and nonsmokers exhibited a bimodal pattern with 8.2% to 16% poor metabolizer and 84% to 91.8% extensive metabolizer phenotypes. When data from both nonsmokers and smokers were combined, the overall proportion of subjects who were poor metabolizers was not significantly different (chi 2 = 1.82; p = 0.18) between control subjects (3.8%) and patients with atherosclerosis (10.6%). Thus biotransformation of environmental or dietary aromatic or heterocyclic amines by NAT2 or CYPIA2 is unlikely to have a significant role in the cause or pathogenesis of peripheral arterial disease.
 ...
PMID:Acetylation phenotype and cytochrome P450IA2 phenotype are unlikely to be associated with peripheral arterial disease. 837 27

The use of tea is derived from the Far East and was introduced into Europe, where in some countries tea soon became a favorite drink. Tea accounts for about 43% of all caffeine consumption. Total world caffeine consumption in 1981 was estimated to be approximately 120,000 tons, equivalent to 70 mg a day for each human. There is evidence from in vitro and animal studies, as well as from human investigations, that tea and its main constituents can prevent atherosclerosis to a certain extent. Supplementing tea as beverage instead of coffee might react beneficially with other antiatherosclerotic strategies. Investigations on the hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic action of tea, and therefore flavonoid intake, are still in their infancy and further fundamental data from controlled trials are needed to evaluate possible positive effects of tea consumption to prevent or treat atherosclerosis. Brief information on the biological potential of caffeine and flavonoids, as well as on their possible beneficial effects on the atherosclerotic process is documented in this review.
 ...
PMID:Tea consumption, lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis. 949 37

Commercial, public foodservices are experiencing an increasing demand for menu selections consumers see as healthful. Demographic, economic and lifestyle forces are resulting in a growing proportion of individuals and families who eat away from home more frequently. Many are seeking prudent food choices not only at home, but also in foodservice operations. To them, nutrition represents one controllable lifestyle element which can influence their personal health. Weight control and preventive nutrition are the nutrition-related objectives of most consumers interested in foodservice nutrition. They look to dietary guidelines, both those which are specific to their particular health concerns, (e.g. weight control), and those intended as eating-style changes to reduce the risk of such diet-related conditions and diseases as obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, diabetes and certain forms of cancer. Focusing on these health objectives, interested foodservice operators should offer items which allow consumers to avoid certain foods and food preparation methods which add up to too much of the following: total calories; fat; refined carbohydrates; cholesterol; sodium; and certain controversial substances, (e.g., caffeine). They seek to replace some of the 'avoid' items with a variety of choices of minimally-processed plant foods, and with less-fatty animal foods. Employee education to support menuing nutrition should begin with the development of an awareness of specific target market health concerns. Employees can then be made familiar with methods to translate these dietary wants and needs into appealing, well-tuned products and service elements. The success of nutrition program elements relies heavily on this understanding by employees in their roles from recipe development to table service.
 ...
PMID:Commercial foodservice considerations in providing consumer-driven nutrition program elements. Part I. Consumer health objectives and associated employee education needs. 1029 82


1 2 3 Next >>