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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of short-term dietary restriction on plasma cholesterol and cholesterol balance was examined in young While Carneau pigeons. Dietary restriction of 1 month increased plasma cholesterol significantly and subsequently decreased to initial levels at 3 months. The fecal excretion of neutral sterols was significantly reduced (P less than 0.001) at both 1 and 3 months following dietary restriction, while the fecal excretion of bile acids showed no significant changes.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:Effect of dietary restriction on plasma cholesterol and cholesterol excretion in the White Carneau pigeon. 97 50

(1) Twenty-four female New Zealand White rabbits were fed commercial diet plus 2% cholesterol. Twelve of these animals were exposed to carbon monoxide for 4 hours per day, seven days per week for 10 weeks. The carbon monoxide exposure was such that the mean blood carboxy-haemoglobin was raised to approximately 20% during each exposure period. Twelve control animals breathed atmospheric air under the same conditions of confinement as the carbon monoxide-exposed group. (2) No significant differences in the plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides or glutamate oxalacetate transaminase were observed between the two groups during the experiment. (3) When the animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the aortic content of triglycerides, cholesterol or phospholipids. (4) The extent of coronary artery atherosclerosis was statistically significantly higher in the carbon monoxide group than in the control group. (5) Ultracentrifugal analysis of plasma lipoproteins revealed that there was significantly more cholesterol in the d less than l.006 fraction from the CO-exposed rabbits. (6) These findings, are discussed with particular reference to the claim that the causal agent in tobacco smoke associated arterial disease is carbon monoxide.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:The effect of intermittent carbon monoxide exposure on experimental atherosclerosis in the rabbit. 97 51

The effects of clofibrate on plasma triglyceride concentration, plasma post-heparin clearing factor lipase activity and serum clearing factor lipase activating ability were studied in a group of maturity-onset diabetic patients. Significant falls in both triglyceride concentration and in activating ability occurred within 2 weeks of beginning clofibrate treatment and, when treatment was stopped after 4 weeks, these changes were reversed within a further 4 weeks. Plasma post-heparin clearing factor lipase activity, on the other hand, was significantly increased during clofibrate administration and fell again when the treatment was stopped. The possible interrelationships of these findings are discussed.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:Effects of clofibrate treatment on plasma triglyceride concentration, plasma post-heparin clearing factor lipase (lipoprotein lipase) activity and serum clearing factor lipase activating ability in maturity-onset diabetes. 97 52

Cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity was measured in the microsomal and supernatant fractions of the aorta of atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau and atherosclerosis-resistant Show Racer pigeons while on their normal cholesterol-free diets. Enzyme activities from both fractions showed fatty acid specificities for the hydrolysis of different cholesteryl esters in the following decreasing order: Linoleate greater than oleate greater than palmitate. At 9 months of age (the period of lipid accumulation) the microsomal enzyme activity in the Show Racer breed was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) than in the White Carneau breed, while the supernatant enzyme was slightly higher (P less than 0.05) in the White Carneaux at this age. In older birds (3 years of age) these differences in enzyme activities disappeared.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:On the cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity in the microsomal and supernatant fractions of pigeon aorta. 97 53

The interrelationships between body weight, insulin secretion and serum lipids were studied in 40 young white patients (mean age 37 years) with established ischemic heart disease (IHD), living in Johannesburg. None was severely obese, hypertensive or overtly diabetic. In general, strong positive correlations were found between body weight and insulin concentrations and between insulin levels and fasting serum triglycerides. However, insulin levels were relatively low in 4 patients with marked hypertriglyceridemia (above 350 mg/dl). These data are consistent with the postulate that insulin promotes (hepatic) triglyceride synthesis, but when there is gross hypertriglyceridemia peripheral triglyceride clearance becomes defective. Insignificant correlations were observed between body weight and serum lipids and between cholesterol and other metabolic variables. We conclude that there is a sequential link between increasing body weight, insulin secretion and triglyceride levels in young patients with IHD, but that cholesterolemia is independent of this axis.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:Some metabolic relationships in young patients with ischemic heart disease. 97 54


Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:The effect of hypolipidaemic therapy on serum uric acid concentration. 97 55

The evidence for the monoclonal nature of human atherosclerotic plaques is briefly reviewed. The interpretation of the cellular monotypy found in a large percentage (75 to 80%) of discrete raised atherosclerotic plaques as being monoclonal in origin appear firm since the size of patches of cells of the same type appears to be very small (ca. 10(-4) cu mm and 10 +/- cells). Evidence for explanations other than single cell origins of each plaque do not appear, at the moment, to be compelling. If we assume then that there is reason to accept the monoclonal character of atherosclerotic plaques in human beings then we are led to a search for the presence of factors that could "initiate" the monoclonal proliferation as well as factors that may promote the growth of the plaques. Evidence is presented that increased risk of atherosclerosis found with cigarette smoking is due to absorption from the lung and circulation in the blood of aryl hydrocarbons. Experiments show that these are preferentially carried in the same parts of the serum that transport cholesterol. The possibility of intrinsic initiators derived from cholesterol is discussed. A possible mechanism for the role of hypertension in promoting atherosclerosis is considered. Finally the evidence for a possible role of viruses in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is discussed.
Beitr Pathol 1976 Sep
PMID:Implications of the monoclonal character of human atherosclerotic plaques. 98 99

Experiments were conducted on the isolated ring-shaped segments of rabbit aorta; the contractile reactions of the smooth muscle cells under the effect of catecholamines and KC1 were investigated at 27 and 37 degrees C both under normal conditions and at the initial stages of atherosclerosis. The contractile reactions of the atherosclerotic aorta stimulated by KC1 were lower in amplitude than those of the intact one; the opposite shifts were observed under the action of catecholamines. A decrease of the temperature reduced the contractile responses both under normal conditions and in atherosclerosis.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1976 Sep
PMID:[Contractile properties of the smooth muscle cells of the aorta during development of experimental atherosclerosis]. 99 Apr 51

The bile-secretory function of normal liver and during the cholester-induced experimental atherosclerosis was studied in young (3-4-month-old) and adult (30-36-month-old) Russian white hens. In the course of natural ageing there was observed a decrease in the total and free serum cholesterol and in the bile-secretory function of the liver. Following the cholesterol administration these indices increased and the atherosclerotic injuries of the aorta developed. As compared with the young hens, the mentioned changes were more marked in adult experimental hens.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1976 Sep
PMID:[Bile secreting function of the liver in birds of different ages with experimental atherosclerosis]. 99 Apr 52

31 patients suffering from isolated obliteration of the popliteal artery were selected for reporting from a series of 1500 peripheral angiographies. It is pointed out that the lesion is due principally to a segmentary localization of atherosclerosis. A case of adventitial cyst and one of muscular pincer syndrome have also been encountered. Attentive study of angiographic pictures showed up a number of behaviour modalities of the collateral circulation. The surgical approaches available in such circumstances are also reported.
Minerva Chir 1976 Sep 30
PMID:[Isolated obliteration of the popliteal artery. Angiographic, functional and surgical considerations]. 101 11


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