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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The wall shear stress pattern was measured in a rigid plastic cast of a canine artery during steady flow by means of an electrochemical technique. The topographic distribution of shear stress is very nonuniform, with regions of high and low shear in close proximity. The steady shear stresses are highest at the leading edge of flow dividers and at the entrance regions to branch vessels. The shapes of the shear stress curves in the celiac branch are primarily a function of the ratio of branch flow to total aortic flow. However, the shapes of the shear stress curves in the adjacent anterior mesenteric branch remain the same for different anterior mesenteric branch flow ratios, although the shear increases with the branch flow ratio. An unstable pattern of flow separation and reattachment is found at the anterior mesenteric flow divider lip and remains localized to that region. A correlation is suggested between sites of high shear stress, extremes in the range of stress, and unstable stress patterns and sites at which atherosclerosis has been shown to develop.
Circ Res 1977 Sep
PMID:Wall shear stress distribution in a model canine artery during steady flow. 89 Aug 94

Plasma linoleic acid levels were found to be low in the atherosclerosis patients investigated. In contrast, platelet arachidonic acid levels were decreased only when atherosclerosis was combined with diabetes or mixed hyperlipidemia. In acute vascular thrombosis, a marked decrease in platelet arachidonic levels occurrrd, irrespective of whether the patient had atherosclerosis or not.
Clin Chim Acta 1977 Sep 15
PMID:[Platelets fatty acid variation in patients with atherosclerosis (author's transl)]. 89 Sep 91

Pretreatment of rabbits with Benfouorex (780 SE) 50 mg/kg p.o. for 10 days strongly inhibited the incorporation of a 20 muCi tracer dose of 4-14C-cholesterol (given i.v. 24 h earlier) into various segments of the aorta. Incorporation of specific activity into the liver, intestine, lung or plasma was not affected. 1 h after i.v. injection of a 100 muCi tracer dose of 2-14C-acetate, a significant reduction in the radioactivity of total lipids of the aorta and liver was seen in rabbits pretreated with 780 SE. The inhibition of acetate incorporation into arterial lipids was observed in all lipid fractions (i.e. free fatty acids, free and esterfied cholesterol, phospholipids and especially triglycerides). Incorporation of acetate into triglyceride fractions of liver and intestine and into hepatic cholesterol was also significantly decreased. The results indicate that 780 SE may have anti-atherogenic properties which could be valuable in the clinical treatment of atherosclerosis.
Eur J Pharmacol 1977 Sep 01
PMID:Effects of 780 SE on lipid metabolism in rabbit aorta. 89 14

Aneurysms of the small pancreatic and peripancreatic arteries have been reported in chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudocysts, atherosclerosis, trauma, and on a congenital basis. This paper presents for the first time an example of aneurysm formation in acute gas-abscess pancreatitis.
J Can Assoc Radiol 1977 Sep
PMID:Pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms in gas abscess pancreatitis. 89 28

We report the case of a 5-year-old girl who died two years after onset of the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, which failed to respond to treatment with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide. Severe atherosclerotic changes were noted in both coronary arteries. Prolonged hyperlipidemia in patients with long-standing nephrotic syndrome may represent a major risk factor predisposing to premature coronary atherosclerosis in children who are also destined to develop chronic renal failure.
Am J Dis Child 1977 Sep
PMID:Premature coronary atherosclerosis in a 5-year-old with corticosteroid-refractory nephrotic syndrome. 90 86

A simple, noninvasive method of assessing atherosclerotic aortoiliac obstruction is described using Doppler ultrasound with a concurrent electrocardiogram. The method is significantly more accurate than clinical examination. The pulse wave velocity profile at the common femoral artery is recorded with a nondirectional Doppler probe. The time delay from the R wave of the concurrent electrocardiogram to the ultrasound waveform peak and to a point half-way up the waveform upslope is measured. By evaluating the mean of ten such measurements at each point and then by taking the ratio of the former to the latter, a Proximal Damping Quotient (PDQ) may be derived. If the PDQ is greater than 1.4, significant proximal obstruction is probable. Conversely, a PDQ of less than 1.4 suggests a functionally clear aortoiliac segment. Any patient with a PDQ of less than 1.3 in whom reconstructive surgery is being correlated may thus be spared an aortogram and the affected limb may be investigated by femoral angiography alone. A low PDQ is supporting evidence of an adequate "run-in" to the distal segment when a distal arterial reconstruction is proposed. Similarly, if a femoro-femoral crossover graft is to be used, then significant aortoiliac atherosclerosis proximal to the donor femoral artery may be excluded without recourse to aortography.
Am J Surg 1977 Sep
PMID:The significance of aortoiliac atherosclerosis as assessed by Doppler ultrasound. 90 Mar 41

After brief considerations on the symptomatology and ethiopathogeny of megadolichobasilar, five cases of this vascular anomaly are presented. Agreeing with the majority of the papers on the subject, the age of the patients was between the fourth and the sixth decades, all of them presenting arterial hypertension of long duration and advanced atherosclerosis; the neurological findings were varied, having in common the fact of an abrupt (ictal) beggining. The angiographic study of the vertebrobasilar system was basic in the diagnosis in every case.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1977 Sep
PMID:[Megadolichobasilar anomaly: apropos of 5 cases diagnosed angiographically]. 90 Dec 58

This article presents a theory concerning the pathogenetic background for three diseases of civilization: essential hypertension, stable diabetes and atherosclerosis. Man and many other animals have mobilizing mechanisms for preparation for physical activity, expressed inter alia by an increase in blood pressure, hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia. During physical activity, blood pressure falls almost to the resting level and hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia are reduced parallel with the metabolism of glucose and fats in working muscles. In wealthy countries, this preparation for physical activity, which is dominated by the sympathetic-adrenergic system, comes into action just as frequently as in less wealthy countries -- or possibly even more frequently -- but this is rarely followed by muscular activity. How long is this sympathetic dominance maintained? How high are the blood pressure, hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia? How slowly do these return to normal levels? It appears probable that this may be of fundamental pathogenetic significance in the three abovementioned diseases, the causes of which we have difficulty in finding or agreeing upon. Various prophylactic possibilities are mentioned briefly.
Nord Med 1977 Sep
PMID:[An hypothesis concerning the pathogenetic background of 3 diseases of civilization]. 90 6

Aortic tissues consisting of all three tunics were removed from normal adult rabbits and cultured in a semisynthetic gelosed medium supplemented by 10% serum obtained either from normal or hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Fibrillar cross-striated aggregates appeared with a high frequency (50%) in the extracellular space of explants cultured from four to eight days in medium supplemented by serum from hypercholesterolemic rabbits, but did not appear in explants cultured in serum from control animals (3%). The electron-dense segment was ruthenium red positive and digested by testicular hyaluronidase. The electron-lucent segment, composed of ruthenium red negative thin filaments, was not modified after hyaluronidase treatment but was strongly digested after collagenase treatment. It is believed that this material was fibrous long spacing collagen synthetized under culture conditions, as shown after tritiated proline incorporation.
Atherosclerosis 1977 Sep
PMID:Fibrous long spacing collagen in aortic explants of normal rabbit cultured in hypercholesterolemic serum. 91 68


Atherosclerosis 1977 Sep
PMID:The concomitantly measured transfer of free cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, phospholipids and phosphoprotein from plasma into the aortic wall of stilboestrol-treated cockerels. 91 67


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