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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)


Atherosclerosis 1978 Sep
PMID:The effect of carbon disulphide and atherogenic diet on the development of atherosclerotic changes in rabbits. 70 97

An intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) was performed and fasting plasma lipid values determined in 12 healthy normal weight, 18 obese non-diabetic, 9 obese chemical diabetic and 10 obese symptomatic diabetic African subjects. Their insulin responses to an oral glucose load were also determined. Mean plasma triglyceride levels were similar in the normal weight and obese non-diabetic groups but were significantly raised in the two diabetic groups, being highest in the symptomatic diabetics. The fractional removal-rate of an intravenous injection of the fat emulsion Intralipid was significantly less in each of the obese diabetic groups compared with the normal weight or obese non-diabetic group. There was a significant negative correlation in all but the symptomatic diabetic group between the fasting triglyceride level and the rate constants for the IVFTT. These results suggest that the rate of triglyceride clearance is an important determinant of the basal plasma triglyceride concentration in urban African subjects.
Atherosclerosis 1978 Sep
PMID:Intravenous fat tolerance in obese Africans with varying grades of carbohydrate tolerance. 70 98

Disturbances of myocardial perfusion are mostly due to obstructive coronary atherosclerosis. The shape of the narrowed lumen is polymorphic. The localization of severe stenoses is not influenced by risk factors. Atherosclerotic changes are more frequent in the coronary arteries than in their large branches. There is a good agreement between the localization and the size of the infarct and the poststenotic or postocclusive perfusion area. As a rule there are only few atherosclerotic lesions within samll intramural arteries and arterioles of the myocardium. We could not find a positive correlation between the extent of sclerotic changes in large coronary arteries and arterioles.
Nuklearmedizin 1978 Sep
PMID:[Morphology of myocardial perfusion (author's transl)]. 72 24

Routine insertion of an intraaortic balloon through the femoral artery may be difficult in the face of obstructive aortoiliac atherosclerosis. Perioperatively, the balloon catheter may be guided through diseased vessels by transabdominal palpation.
Ann Thorac Surg 1978 Sep
PMID:Improved technique of intraaortic balloon insertion. 75 93

Because of the statistical establishment of elevated blood lipids as a risk factor in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease, most of the attempts to regulate blood lipids by diet are centered on the fat in the diet. The levels of blood lipids and the course of experimental atherosclerosis can be affected by other dietary components such as type and amount of protein, carbohydrate, and nonnutritive fiber. Interaction among the dietary components further affects serum lipids and atherosclerosis.
Am J Pathol 1976 Sep
PMID:Diet and atherosclerosis. 78 36

Atherosclerosis in renal allograft recipients necessitated modification of vascular anastomoses in 62 per cent of patients older than forty years in contrast with 10 per cent in younger patients. Three forms of vascular disease occurred: atherosclerotic occlusion, tortuosity of vessels, and disruption of plaques by vascular clamps. Successful modifications of the procedure and avoidance of ischemic graft injury are described including relocation of the transplanted ureter.
Am J Surg 1976 Sep
PMID:Technical considerations in elderly renal allograft recipients. 78 54

A double-blind study comparing halofenate, a new lipid-lowering investigation drug, with an established drug, clofibrate, was conducted on 33 clinic patients with Type II hyperlipoproteinemia for a period of 48-96 weeks. All but 10 patients had some type of symptomatic major vascular disease. With respect to serum cholesterol levels, a comparable proportion (56-59%) of patients in each group responded to the respective treatment but the magnitude of lowering was substantially less for the halofenate responders (12% mean decrease versus 25%). Type IIa patients in both groups were more likely than Type IIb patients to have a favorable cholesterol-lowering response. Weight gain of 5% or greater was prejudicial to cholesterol lowering. In the case of serum triglycerides, the proportion of patients responding to clofibrate treatment was somewhat greater (87% versus 57% for halofenate) but the mean magnitude of lowering (27-34%) was comparable for responders in the two groups. Weight gain did not influence appreciably the triglyceride-lowering effect. Elevated concentrations of triglyceride (Type IIb) in the control period favored a triglyceride lowering response by clofibrate but was only a moderate influence on the response to halofenate.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:Halofenate in the treatment of type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Double blind comparison with clofibrate. 78 22

These studies provide new insight into the complex mechanisms wherby hyperlipidemia causes progressive atherosclerosis. It has been shown that physical injury to the endothelial lining of arteries sets off a process which probably is an attempt at healing the injury but which can lead to atherosclerosis. It has also been found that chemical agents such as homocystine can produce a similar series of events leading to atherosclerosis. These events include focal loss of endothelium, exposure of subendothelial connective tissue, and adherence of platelets followed by release of factors that stimulate intimal smooth muscle proliferation. The present studies indicate that the effects of chronic hyperlipidemia are complex in that the condition results not only in the deposition of lipids in the atheromatous lesions but that it may produce the primary endothelial injury that initiates the process of atherosclerosis as well.
Science 1976 Sep 17
PMID:Hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. 82 15

This study was designed to compare the ability of distal intestinal bypass versus clofibrate administration to prevent the development of atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia in monkeys on a standardized atherogenic regimen. Three groups of monkeys were studied: one group was submitted to intestinal bypass, one group was fed clofibrate, and one group served as dietary controls. Serum cholesterol levels and group served as dietary controls. Serum cholesterol levels and gross atheromatous lesions were studied. Clofibrate offered moderate protection against experimental hypercholesteroiemia and atherosclerosis, but in animals with surgical bypass of the distal one third of the small intestine, the protection appeared to be more complete.
South Med J 1976 Sep
PMID:Protective effects of ileal bypass versus administration of clofibrate on experimental hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in monkeys. 82 44

One hundred nineteen patients with coronary artery disease confirmed by coronary arteriograms were studied. Cine coronary arteriography confirmed progression of atherosclerosis in 106 (89%) patients (mean age 50.9 yr) and nonprogression in 13 (11%) patients (mean age 50.3 yr). Progression was defined as follows: any increase to 50% stenosis, 50% to 75% narrowing, 75% to 90%, 90% to 99%, 99% to total occlusion. Only one patient of the 106 who progressed (less than 1%) had ideal values for both cholesterol and triglyceride. Three of 13 patients (23%) who did not progress had ideal lipid values (P less than 0.005). Fifty four of 106 patients who progressed had cholesterol levels greater than or equal to 250 mg%; none of 13 patients who did not progress had such levels (P less than 0.005). Thirty-nine of 98 (40%) patients who progressed had hypertension; only one (8%) who did not progress had hypertension (P less than 0.025). Seventy-four of 96 patients who progressed were smokers (77%); two of 13 nonprogression patients smoked (15%) (P less than 0.005).
Circulation 1977 Sep
PMID:The Erysichthon syndrome. Progression of coronary atherosclerosis and dietary hyperlipidemia. 88 92


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