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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case of a 38-year-old female with fibromuscular hyperplasia of the abdominal aorta causing a leg ulcer is presented. The correct diagnosis was not recognized before or during operation and the lesion was treated as atherosclerosis. This would appear to be the first reported case of fibromuscular hyperplasia of the aorta resulting in clinical impedence of flow.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)
PMID:Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the abdominal aorta. 73 24

Twenty-six adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were randomly assigned to four groups which were fed on a standard laboratory diet or a semipurified diet containing cholesterol. In two of the groups, the monkeys were exposed intermittently to CO throughout the day for 14 months; the control animals breathed room air. No myocardial infarctions were observed, and the ECG showed a transitory injury current in only one animal. No differences in plasma cholesterol levels or in aortic and coronary atherosclerosis could be attributed to CO exposure.
Cardiovasc Res 1976 Jan
PMID:Failure of carbon monoxide to induce myocardial infarction in cholesterol-fed cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). 81 1

The coexistence of severe coronary artery and peripheral vascular lesions is not uncommon. Although diagnostic and sequential therapeutic techniques are standardized, the priority of surgical treatment is unresolved. Eight cases are reported in which simultaneous surgical correction of coronary atherosclerosis and carotid atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, or aortoiliac atherosclerosis was accomplished with success. Two additional cases demonstrate the complications which can occur when coexistent lesions are not corrected simultaneously. The surgical techniques employed are discussed. Because of these results, a further clinical trial seems warranted.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Jun
PMID:Management of patients with severe, coexistent coronary artery and peripheral vascular disease. 87 Jul 66

Surgical closure of a left coronary artery-left ventricular fistula in a 44-year-old black man is reported. The fistula was discovered by coronary arteriography after the patient was admitted to the hospital complaining of recurrent chest pain. The fistula was closed with cardiopulmonary bypass, ischemic arrest, and hypothermia, and there was an uneventful postoperative recovery. The previously reported five cases of fistulas terminating in the left ventricle that were closed surgically are reviewed. Four of these cases originated in the right coronary artery and one in the left coronary artery. Three of the six patients were symptomatic at the time of discovery of the lesion. Cardiopulmonary bypass was necessary in five of the six cases. One patient died in the postoperative period from intractable hemorrhage. It is recommended that coronary artery fistulas by closed upon establishment of the diagnosis because of the sequelae if they are allowed to remain open; these include premature atherosclerosis, aneurysmal dilatation of the coronary artery, and congestive heart failure.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1977 Aug
PMID:Surgical closure of left coronary artery-left ventricular fistula: the second case reported in the literature and a review of the five previously reported cases of coronary artery fistula terminating in the left ventricle. 88 74

A unique case is described of a 64-year-old white woman who had silent thromboembolic occlusion of the right pulmonary artery. Over the ensuing months, severe pulmonary hypertension developed, as manifested by marked dilatation and atherosclerosis of the right and left pulmonary arteries and severe right ventricular hypertrophy. Nevertheless, she remained fully ambulatory and felt generally well throughout this time. Eventually, however, the pulmonary arteries became so dilated that they compressed the recurrent laryngeal nerve as it looped under the aortic arch, and it was the resulting hoarseness that first caused the patient to seek medical attention. A work-up disclosed normal peripheral lung fields on x-ray study and a large dense right hilar mass. Accordingly, the patient was subjected to an exploratory thoracotomy on the reasonable but mistaken diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma. After the following operation, her condition deteriorated. She developed bronchopneumonia which, when superimposed on her already precariously reduced cardiopulmonary function, precipitated respiratory insufficiency. An independent stroke was the immediate cause of death.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Oct
PMID:Silent, chronic, massive pulmonary thromboembolism masquerading as bronchogenic carcinoma. 96 90

Fifty coronary reoperations were performed in 49 patients. The reasons for the operations were occluded or stenotic grafts in 23 patients, an inadequate first operation in 13, progression of coronary atherosclerosis in 3, and combinations of these reasons in 11. Mediastinal adhesions made the operations difficult and produced hazards. Six patients died from the operation. Seven surgical mishaps occurred, including damage to five functioning grafts from the previous operation and laceration of two ventricles. Nine patients had less than complete operations because angiographically demonstrated targets could not be found. Repeat angiography was performed on 9 of the surviving patients. Ten of the 14 new or revised grafts were found to be functioning. Although a repeat operation is more difficult technically and carries additional risks as compared with a first operation, the indications are thought to be the same for both first and secondary revascularization procedures. The increased risks of the repeat operations are compelling arguments to strive for complete revascularization at an initial operation in order to avoid the necessity of the second one.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Dec
PMID:Experience with fifty repeat procedures for myocardial revascularization. 99 35

Ectopic origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva is an infrequent coronary anomaly. The right coronary artery then passes between the aorta and pulmonary artery. We report two such cases with chest pain suggestive of angina pectoris in the absence of atherosclerosis, as demonstrated by selective coronary arteriography. A technique for selectively catheterizing the ectopic right coronary artery is described.
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1976
PMID:Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva with associated chest pain: report of two cases. 100 Jun 28

In this report, we shall describe our work with retrograde coronary perfusion, first in mongrel dogs and then in 6 patients. The left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is anastomosed to the left anterior descending coronary vein (LADV) to provide myocardial perfusion. This procedure may be of great value in the treatment of patients who are not suitable candidates for direct coronary bypass grafting, i.e., those who have diffuse atherosclerosis, with poor or no runoff of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADA),but who have satisfactory left ventricular contraction.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1975 Jan
PMID:Direct selective myocardial revascularization by internal mammary artery-coronary vein anastomosis. 107 89

A postmortem study of 93 human hearts was undertaken. Gross inspection was used to determine the degree of atherosclerosis and postmortem coronary angiography to estimate the degree of luminal narrowing. The findings indicate the following: (1) There is high correlation between the estimates of luminal narrowing in the gross specimen and the presence of significant atherosclerosis. (2) Approximately 30 per cent of vessels with significant proximal disease will have significant distal coronary artery disease. (3) When one coronary artery is involved with severe proximal atherosclerosis, either of the other two vessels are likely to be involved, with a frequency of 75 per cent ormore. (4) When significant distal disease is present the proximal vessel is nearly always involved. (5) Patient selection prior to referral to surgery may be partly responsible for the over 90 per cent operability rate in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976 Apr
PMID:Distribution and severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. 108 58

Evidence from actuarial statistics, epidemiologic studies, and laboratory experiments clearly indicates that hypertension has an accelerating effect on atherogenesis, and this atherogenesis appears to be a graded function of elevated intra-arterial pressure. The fact that atherosclerosis occurs preferentially in the abdominal aorta and iliofemoral arteries seems likely to result from the pressure augmentation by reflected pulse waves that is intensified by vasoconstriction and also by the increase in hydrostatis pressure that results from gravitational stress during standing. Vasoconstriction is a characteristic of hypertension and occurs also with upright posture. The predilection of the coronary epicardial vessels for atherosclerosis seems likely to relate to subtle pressure-volume changes in these arteries as a result of this vascular bed being in the highest pressure area of the arterial system and because intramyocardial arterial branches are completely occluded during systole. The possibility is presented that hypertension accelerates atherosclerosis because it is a metabolic determinant of the multifunctional arterial smooth muscle cells which have the potential for forming collagen and mucopolysaccharides as well as phospholipid.
Cardiovasc Clin 1975
PMID:The relationship of hypertension to coronary, aortic, and iliofemoral atherosclerosis. 109 12


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