Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The nuclear receptors PPARs (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) are transcription factors activated by specific ligands. PPARs play an important role in carcinogenesis, inflammation, atherosclerosis, lipid metabolism and diabetes. There is evidence that activation of PPARs by specific ligands is able to suppress the growth of different types of human cancer by mechanisms including the growth arrest, apoptosis and induction of differentiation, although the detailed signalling pathways have not been completely elucidated to date. The aim of our study was to determine whether synthetic ligands of PPARalpha and PPARgamma could affect the viability, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and expression of some cell cycle related proteins in glial tumor cell lines. The study was performed on human glioblastoma cell lines U-87 MG, T98G, A172 and U-118 MG. Cell lines were treated by ligands of PPARalpha (bezafibrate, gemfibrozil) and PPARgamma (ciglitazone). MTT, flow cytometry, TUNEL assay and immunoblotting were used for detection of changes in cell viability, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Bezafibrate, ciglitazone and gemfibrozil inhibited viability of glioblastoma cell lines. The synthetic ligands significantly reduced or induced the expression of cyclins, p27Kip1, p21Waf1/Cip1, MDM-2, Bcl-2, Bax, PARP, Caspase 3, androgen receptors, etc. and did not affect the expression of the differentiation marker GFAP. Flow cytometry confirmed arrest of the cell cycle although the detection of apoptosis was controversial. Apart from hypolipidemic and hypoglycaemic effects, PPAR ligands may also have significant cytostatic effects of potential use in anticancer treatment.
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PMID:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) agonists affect cell viability, apoptosis and expression of cell cycle related proteins in cell lines of glial brain tumors. 1580 Jul 11

The cytological technique was used to study autopsy specimens from 39 patients aged 35-85 years. Above the atherosclerotic strips and plaques there were multiple destruction microfoci (MDMs) of endothelial cells (EC), which were divided into three types. EC MDMs were detected in the aortic intima in 79.5% of the patients. A total of 107 MDM of different types were found in 63.2% of cases. A total of 53 MDMs were identified. The detection rate for EC MDMs in the aorta and coronary arteries in acute and recurrent myocardial infarction was 1.3 and 2 times greater than that in large-focal and diffuse small-focal cardiosclerosis. EC microfocal destruction is a sign of progressive atherosclerosis and may be a critical step in the transition from stable endothelized to eroded plaque and thrombosis.
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PMID:[Endothelial cell changes preceding the formation of intimal erosions in coronary arteries and aorta in atherosclerosis in humans]. 2073 28