Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 34 patients with coronary atherosclerosis a pacing test was performed with measurement of the lactate, glucose, potassium and inorganic phosphate coronary arterio-venous differences. Eighteen of these 34 patients felt no pain during the pacing test. In this group of asymptomatic patients, there was no significant change of the lactate, glucose, potassium and inorganic phosphate myocardial extraction. In the 16 patients who felt an anginal pain during the pacing test, there was a significant myocardial production of lactate, but the myocardial loss of potassium and inorganic phosphate was not continuously statistically significant. Myocardial extraction of glucose during the pacing-induced angina did not increase. Although, in some patients, both the potassium and the inorganic phosphate might be used to assess a condition of myocardial ischaemia, the lactate remains the best metabolic criterion for pacing-induced ischaemia.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1975 Feb
PMID:[Values of glucose, potassium and inorganic phosphate as metabolic indicators of myocardial ischemia in humans]. 80 87

Study of four personal cases and of twelve cases reported in the literature makes it possible to describe the characteristics of coronary embolism in mitral stenosis, a rare complication but indicating the presence of a left intra-atrial thrombosis: -- variable clinical picture, dominated by a syndrome combining simultaneously a picture of myocardial infarction and of peripheral arterial emboli of other localizations; -- diagnosis to be discussed within the framework of coronary syndromes in mitral heart disease: embolism requiring to be distinguished from coronary atherosclerosis combined with mitral stenosis, more rarely a functional coronary insufficiency; -- severe course and prognosis: besides the possibility of rapidly lethal cases, coronary embolism seems liable to result in weakening and diminishing of the adaptation possibilities of the left ventricle, responsible for attacks of heart failure after mitral valvulotomy.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1975 Mar
PMID:[Coronary emboli in mitral stenosis]. 81 66

The induction of atrial systole by stimulation is a means of demonstrating insufficiency of myocardial perfusion, even where there is a normal coronary flow under basal conditions in a genuine case of coronary atherosclerosis. The method, which entailed the use of radiocardiography with potassium 42, was first checked for reproducibility. The coronary flow was then measured under basal conditions, and subsequently during or after atrial stimulation at 150/min. in a group of 50 controls and coronary patients. Under atrial stimulation, the value increases by an average of 15 per cent in the controls, and decreases by an average of 32 per cent in cardiac patients with vessels which are patent on coronary angiography. The coronary moiety of the cardiac output increases by an average of 27 per cent in the controls, but does not change significantly in the coronary group. After aorto-coronary by-pass, the coronary moiety of the cardiac output is increased significantly during stimulation when the by-pass is patent.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1975 Oct
PMID:[Radioisotope measurement of coronary flow with atrial stimulation in the normal subject and in patients with coronary disease]. 81 68

1. 46 cases of Prinzmetal's angina have been studied: there were 36 males and 10 females, with an average age of 54.6 years. 19 patients (group A) were treated medically, and 12 of these were followed up for more than 6 months (average follow-up period 45.1 months). 27 patients (group B) underwent a coronary by-pass procedure: 22 of these were followed up for more than 6 months after surgery (average postoperative follow-up period 21.6 months). 2. One patient from group A and two patients from group B died, one of them from postoperative renal failure. None of the three deaths could be attributed directly to the coronary artery disease. 2 patients from group A and 5 patients from group B had a myocardial infarction without fatal outcome. 5 of the 12 patients in group A and 16 of the 22 patients in group B were asymptomatic after more than 6 months of follow-up. 3. The treatment policy should take account: - of the prognosis of Prinzmetal's angina, which is on the whole better than that of an unstable angina pectoris of the common type; - of an assessment of the risks in each individual case; these are increased when there is a combination of risk factors for atherosclerosis, and/or severe arrhythmia with syncope, and/or persistant electrical changes in the territory of the anterior descending artery, and/or coronary artery lesions involving two or three major vessels. 4. Surgery is used if there is a failure of treatment with beta-blockers, which are used under cover of a pacemaker when there is a paroxysmal block. If medical treatment is successful, surgery is indicated in high-risk cases.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1975 Nov
PMID:[Discussion on therapeutic attitude in Prinzmetal's angina. Apropos of 6 cases]. 81 80

Report of an exceptional case of massive anterior-wall myocardial infarction ending in death in a man aged 42, with no previous coronary history nor risk factors of atherosclerosis. Autopsy has demonstrated a thrombus obliterating the coronary artery ostium, penetrating into the first centimetre of the common trunk, while the coronary network was otherwise normal. The nature of this thrombus remains unexplained and did not seem to be of embolic origin.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1975 May
PMID:[Massive myocardial infarct with healthy coronary arteries caused by ostial thrombosis]. 81 12

A post-mortem study of 10 patients who died soon after an aorto-coronary by-pass procedure (16 grafts) showed that 5 grafts were blocked by recent thrombus (31%) in 5 patients, 3 of whom had infarcts as a result. It seems that the two main causative factors of early thrombosis were: -the wider calibre of the saphenous graft; the ratio of the circumference of the graft to the circumference of the coronary artery at the site of anastomosis is greater when there is a graft thrombosis (5.6/1 +/- 2.2) than when the graft is permeable (2.3/1 +/- 1.1) (p less than 0.01); -stenosing atherosclerosis of the artieal tree beyond the anastamosis. Changes in the endothelium of the vein, especially those caused by suturing, could equally well play a part in thrombus formation. Certain other factors, such as an insufficiently large graft ostium into the aorta, and poor outflow in the distal arterial bed, or an insufficiently large territory of supply belonging to the artery which has been bypassed, may also influence the degree of myocardial revascularisation brought about by the operation. A by-pass procedure requires a vein graft with a reasonably small diameter which matches, if at all possible, that of the coronary artery, and a good flow in the distal arterial bed, which must be confirmed at operation.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Mar
PMID:[Anatomic study of early failures of aortocoronary venous bypass]. 82 10

A study has been made of the haemodynamic affects of a single intravenous injection of amiodarone chorhydrate (5 mg/kg); the injection was given at rest to six normal subjects and six patients with coronary insufficiency due to atherosclerosis. The effects of the drug are most marked at the fifteenth minute after injection, and are: slowing of the heart rate; lessened cardiac output and left ventricular effort; a significant increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and diastolic pressure; slight variations in flow in the coronary sinus, with an increase in the ratio of coronary sinus flow to cardiac output. Amiodarone chlorhydrate appears to exert a favourable action upon the heart because, while it maintains myocardial perfusion, it tends to diminish the myocardial oxygen requirement by decreasing the rate of contraction and the contractility of the myocardium.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1976 Mar
PMID:[Hemodynamic effects of intravenous injections of amiodarone chlorhydrate in normal subjects and coronary patients]. 82 14

The study of the modes of action of lipid lowering drugs is important in order to evaluate their effects on the different lipid fractions and their possible secondary effects. These studies include: direct and indirect measurements of cholesterol absorption, the measurement of the principal enzymatic activities implicated in lipoprotein metabolism, especially those of lipases which play a fundamental role in the metabolism of particles rich in triglycerides and the inverse transport of cholesterol, and, finally, the measurement of intracellular enzyme activities. These last analyses are generally much more complex. Despite recent advances in all these investigative techniques, the mechanisms of action of many lipid lowering drugs remain obscure. Many have indirect modes of action like the inhibition of hydroxymethyl-glutaryl CoA by the fibrates and the mechanisms of action of the most recently introduced drugs are more complex than usually described. All these factors are important because the development of atherosclerosis depends on qualitative variations of the lipoproteins.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Sep
PMID:[Mechanism of action of antilipemic drugs]. 128 87

Animal models of atherosclerosis have improved our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the formation of the atherosclerotic plaque. However, extrapolation of these data to the clinical situation is difficult. In addition, evaluation of the prevention or regression of atherosclerosis raises methodological problems. Although improved techniques provide a better evaluation of the extension of the plaques and their functional consequences, a number of points remain undecided: when to intervene, in which patients and how to extrapolate the results. A standardisation of the methods of evaluation of the atherosclerotic plaque is essential as is the fact that the benefit observed should be a reduction in cardiovascular complications and not simply the progression or regression of an angiographic lesion.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Sep
PMID:[Methodological problems of prevention/regression trials of atherosclerosis]. 128 94

The evaluation of the impact of therapy on the evolution of atherosclerotic lesions or restenosis after angioplasty requires the use of techniques of vascular imaging. The reference invasive method is digital angiography although it does not provide data on the arterial wall thickness. This parameter can be approached however by intravascular ultrasound imaging, a technique which has a number of important practical limitations. Of the non-invasive techniques available, Doppler ultrasonography is the only one that can be used in clinical trials. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is the object of much research and is without doubt the technique of the future. The choice of model of atherosclerosis influences that of the imaging technique: cineangiography for coronary arteries, digital angiography or Doppler ultra sonography for lower limb arteries and Doppler ultrasonography for the carotid arteries. Interpretation of angiography is now performed quantitatively by videodensitometry. Interpretation of other techniques should be performed by a second independent observer and "blinded" with respect to the order in which the investigations were performed and to the treatment administered. The criteria of judgment may be qualitative (progression, stabilisation, regression) or quantitative, the latter having a number of advantages over the former. Of the quantitative criteria, the percentage stenosis, though widely used, does not fully answer the question posed, and neither does the diameter of the stenosis. The volume of the arterial lumen calculated from videodensitometric data would seem to be the best, by its sensitivity and additivity, current angiographic parameter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992 Sep
PMID:[Technique for measuring the atheroma volume in men]. 128 95


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>