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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Distrubances are found in the shuttle transport systems of extramitochonidral hydrogen in the brain of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis, the catalytical function of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrohenase being preserved. A decrease in the activity of cytoplasmatic glycerophosphate dehydrogenase was observed parallel with an increase in the content of glycerophosphate. Deviations from the norm in the malate-aspartate shunt are pronounced in a considerable activation of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, inhibition of aspartate amino transpherase, accumulation of oxaloacetate and exhaustion of the malate stock. Beta-Oxybutyrate dehydrogenase activates sharply, the content of acetoacetate increases. The total activity of hexoxokinase in cytoplasm and mitochondria remains practically unchanged.
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PMID:[Generation and transport systems of restored equivalents in rabbit brain tissue under experimental atherosclerosis]. 120 81

Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) as well as LDL1-cholesterol (LDL1-C) and atherogenic coefficient HDL-C/TC and HDL-C/LDL1-C were determined in 72 patients with uterine leiomyoma and 45 healthy women aged 34-54. The extent of surgery was found to have no significant effect on fat metabolism in the early postoperative period. Because of a possible exhaustion of body compensatory potential protecting against atherosclerosis, it was found necessary to measure fat metabolism parameters during the postoperative check-ups.
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PMID:Postoperative serum levels of some fat metabolism parameters in women with uterine leiomyoma, depending on the extent of surgery. 280 Jul 80

In 63 patients suffering from an obliterating thromboangiitis and atherosclerosis the state of the efferent innervation of the shin and foot vessels has been studied. The material has been obtained during reconstructive surgical operations from various segments of the extremities and in the patients suffering from regional ischemic disorders of various degree. Moreover, adrenergic structures of the lumbar sympathetic ganglia have been investigated after sympathectomy performed. In the patients suffering from thromboangiitis, in the adventitial arterial tunic some foci are revealed containing single adrenergic neural fibers. Topography concerning localization of these foci is extremely asystematic. At atherosclerosis the innervational structures have character of a chronic exhaustion. In the sympathetic ganglia neurons, catecholamine-containing structures are revealed; they are seen as accumulations of norepinephrine granules. As demonstrates the comparison of the clinical and neurohistochemical data, in development of the obliterating thromboangiitis a sharp catecholamine deficiency and a pervent effect of the disturbed innervational connections on the vascular tunics play an essential role. At atherosclerosis the mechanism of the chronic exhaustion of the neuromediators belongs evidently, to the phenomenon of the "postmediatory stage" of the neural elements ontogenesis.
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PMID:[Innervation of the blood vessels of the human lower extremities in occlusive arterial lesions]. 650 55

Unaltered human arterial tissue as well as different types of macroscopically and microscopically characterized atherosclerotic lesions were microdissected under a preparation microscope. The prostacyclin formation was examined using its potent platelet aggregation inhibition in vitro according to Moncada's bioassay. In contrast to different PGI2-formation in various experimental animal models the generation in the different lesion types in terms of wet weight was statistically significantly (p less than 0.001) diminished in comparison to normal control tissue. However, the PGI2- formation in different lesion types is comparable. Accepting the hypothesis delivered earlier by us, that the arterial wall is able to react upon exogenous noxes with a temporarily enhanced PGI2-formation, followed (after ceasing) by a decrease of PGI2-synthesis (exhaustion phenomenon) it can be concluded, that the critical stage is prior to the fatty streak formation, which is a preatherosclerotic lesion. Therefore, PGI2-generation-exhaustion might be mainly responsible for initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, probably before any detectable morphological alterations.
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PMID:Prostacyclin (PGI2)-generation by different types of human atherosclerotic lesions. 699 18

The glycemic and insulinemic curves were followed up in 20 patients with hypertonic disease during the standard oral glucose-tolerance test. Normal glucose-tolerance (NGT) was found in 55%, suspected pathological (SPGT)--in 25% and pathological (PGT)--in 20%. Hypertonics have higher, later reaching its maximum and more prolonged insulin secretion. Normal or borderline normal glucose tolerance is maintained owing to the higher capacity of insulin secretion as compared with the control subjects. Glucose tolerance becomes pathological with the decrease or exhaustion of insulogenic index under that of the control subjects. The elevated blood sugar levels in patients with SPGT and PGT, accompanied with relative (statistically insignificant) hyperinsulinemia in the patients with NGT and PGT and statistically significant in patients with SPGT provide conditions for the enhancement of endogenous synthesis of triglycerides, related to atherogenesis. An opinion is expressed that: I. The hypertonic patients are threatened with atherosclerosis advancement not only by the effect of the increased vascular tone upon that process but also by the enhancement of triglyceride synthesis; 2. Hypertonic disease could be considered a risk factor in the origination of diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:[Carbohydrate tolerance and serum insulin in hypertension]. 701 Jul 88

The experiments on physically trained and untrained dogs have shown that violent physical exertion (racing up to complete exhaustion) in the presence of emotional stress enhances stress-induced hyperlipemia. The untrained animals developed especially abrupt changes in lipid metabolism. In the trained animals the repeated cycles (stress without complete exhaustion) made the adrenal function and lipid metabolism return to normal and stabilize irrespective of exposures. A decrease in the adrenal function in the untrained animals with hyperlipemia is considered to be the atherogenic factor. The role of physical activity in atherosclerosis control is discussed.
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PMID:[Effect of physical activity on blood lipids and adrenal function during emotional stress]. 719 42

The author carried out ultrasonography of the common carotid arteries by the method based on Doppler's phenomenon in 100 subjects aged 16--86 years. The maximal, minimal and mean flow velocity, vascular resistance, and symmetry and shape of the recorded curve were evaluated. Early and progressing with age changes were found in the curve indicating decreasing vascular wall elasticity. The maximal flow velocity decreased also rapidly. On the other hand, the mean and the minimal flow velocity and the index of vascular resistance remained without substantial changes up to the age of 70 years. In later age the minimal and mean flow velocity decreased rapidly and the index of vascular resistance increased greatly. This suggested accelerated rate of atherosclerosis development and/or exhaustion of compensatory mechanisms. In 3 cases of considerable asymmetry of the curve was observed caused by asymptomatic stenosis of one artery. Doppler ultrasonography could be useful at the time of intensification and evolution of atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries, and their effect on the condition of cerebral circulation.
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PMID:[Doppler ultrasonography of the common carotid artery in persons of different age]. 731 3

Sixteen subjects (male = 7, female = 9) participated in 8 weeks of endurance training (70% VOmax, 30 min/day, 3--4 days/wk). Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in venous blood were assessed prior to and at 2-week intervals during the 8 weeks of training. VO2max was determined prior to training and at 4-week intervals. Body composition was assessed pre- and post-training. Results indicate that after an insignificant decline at 2 weeks (53.8 leads to 51.1 mg/dl), plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 8 weeks of training (51.1 leads to 57.4 mg/dl). This increase was linear after 2 weeks (r = 0.98) with a slope of +1 mg/dl/wk. This pattern of change was similar in males and females. VO2max (42.2 leads to 43.8 leads to 45.9 ml/kg x min) and time to exhaustion on the treadmill (6.9 leads to 8.0 leads to 9.1 min) increased significantly (P < 0.05) during training. Relative fat was not related to any lipid or lipoprotein group. Total cholesterol showed wide variations between sampling periods but was not significantly changed during the training period. Plasma triglycerides decreased significantly from 4 to 8 weeks of training, a period when HDL's were increasing. Over the last 4 weeks of training, the relationship between HDL's and triglycerides was significant, r = --0.65 (P < 0.05). These results suggest that alterations in HDL's lag behind changes in total cardiovascular fitness and increase simultaneously with a decline in plasma triglycerides after 4 weeks of endurance training.
Atherosclerosis 1980 Oct
PMID:The time course of alterations in plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations during eight weeks of endurance training. 742 97

Clinical and laboratory examination of 105 women was carried out: 46 of these were women with the ovarian exhaustion syndrome, aged 32 +/- 4.5, 42 healthy women aged 30 to 35 and 55 to 59, and 17 patients of a reproductive age after total oophorectomy. Metabolic changes were assessed from blood plasma lipid spectrum and osseous tissue compactness of the radial bone at its distal portion in two sites, 1/3 and 1/20 of its length. The efficacies of two drugs, presomen and anteovin, were compared in patients with ovarian exhaustion. Hypoestrogenism was shown to be one of the major pathogenetic factors in the development of dysmetabolic changes in women of a reproductive age with ovarian exhaustion. The author validates the desirability of substitution hormonal therapy in young women with prolonged estrogen deficiency in order to prevent the development of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis.
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PMID:[Replacement hormonal therapy in correction of metabolic-trophic changes in ovarian failure syndrome]. 765 28

Excessive tiredness is one of the most prevalent premonitory symptoms of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. This state is labelled as vital exhaustion and consists of three components: fatigue, increased irritability, and demoralization. Vital exhaustion has been found to be an independent risk-indicator of myocardial infarction in one prospective study and several case-control studies. It is as yet unclear whether the association between vital exhaustion and future myocardial infarction can be explained by confounding of (subclinical) coronary artery disease. Therefore, the present study investigates the predictive value of vital exhaustion for the occurrence of new cardiac events after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), while explicitly controlling for the severity of coronary artery disease. Patients with a successful PTCA were followed during 1.5 years. A new cardiac event was defined as present if one of the following end points occurred: cardiac death, myocardial infarction, coronary bypass surgery, repeat-PTCA, increase of coronary atherosclerosis, or new anginal complaints with documented ischemia. Vital exhaustion was assessed using the Maastricht Questionnaire two weeks after hospital discharge. Participants of the present study were 127 patients (mean age 55.6 +/- 9.1; 105 men, 22 women). Fifteen (35%) of the 43 exhausted patients experienced a new cardiac event, whereas 14 (17%) of the 84 not exhausted patients had a new cardiac event (OR = 2.7; CI = 1.1-6.3; p = .02). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that vital exhaustion continued to be of predictive value when other significant risk factors for new cardiac events were controlled for (i.e., severity of coronary artery disease and hypercholesterolemia).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Vital exhaustion predicts new cardiac events after successful coronary angioplasty. 797 9


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