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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spasm of coronary arteries can cause chest pain indistinguishable from classic angina pectoris in patients without atherosclerosis of these vessels or recognizable heart disease. Associated electrocardiographic changes usually correspond to the coronary artery affected and disappear when the attack of pain ends. Sublingual nitrates are excellent agents for the control of the episodic anginal symptoms. There have been scattered reports of myocardial infarction occurring in patients with normal coronary arteries; a role of arterial spasm in these cases in speculative.
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PMID:Myocardial ischemia from coronary arterial spasm. 0 82

175 by-pass operations were performed for femoro-popliteal atherosclerosis during the period January 1967-April 1975. 154 were femoro-popliteal vein by-pass grafts. The material in addition includes 12 distal tibial arterial by-pass grafts, 6 homologous vein grafts, 2 Sparks prosthesis and 1 dacron graft. In the femoro-popliteal vein by-pass group 51% were operated for rest-pain or distal gangrene, while 49% had intermittent claudication. The 4 year patency rate in the two groups was 54% and 66% resepctively and was more favourable when the distal anastomosis was placed above than below the knee. However, the latter group had more severe ischaemic symptoms and the difference is probably in part due to case selection. The results were also more favourable when the proximal anastomosis was placed on the common femoral artery. The operative mortality was 38%. Vein by-pass to the lower leg arteries had a 2 year patency of only 34%. Semi-closed endarterectomy is preferred to homologous vein, Sparks prosthesis or dacron grafts where no sufficient vein for grafting exists. It is concluded that saphenous vein by-pass is the method of choice in patients where femoro-popliteal reconstruction is indicated.
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PMID:By-pass grafting for femoro-popliteal atherosclerosis. 14 81

There were under observation 440 patients with ischemic heart disease due to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries in the phase of exacerbation of the disease and 52 patients suffering from hypertensive disease with a clinical picture of ischemic heart disease; 192 practically healthy individuals were examined as controls. Significant increase in the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose in blood of the patients with ischemic heart disease and of those with hypertensive disease was revealed. In patients with ischemic heart disease marked by pain and disorders of the rhythm as well as in individuals with hypertensive disease hormonal-metabolic shifts, monotypical in character, were noted. It is suggested that hormonal-regulatory disorders are of primary character in atherogenesis.
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PMID:[Hormonal and metabolic disorders in ischemic heart disease]. 36 20

Five patients, previously treated with pelvic irradiation for cancer of the cervix uteri, ovaries or bladder are presented. They developed occlusions of the distal aorta and/or the iliac arteries 2 to 6 years after irradiation. The presenting symptoms caused by the vascular obstructions were claudication or rest pain. All patients were operated upon with revascularization procedures and thereby relieved from their symptoms. One vascular graft occluded but reoperation was successful. The mechanism by which radiation causes atherosclerosis is discussed. All patients were heavy cigarette smokers. The patients with signs of atherosclerosis outside the irradiated area were the ones with the shortest time interval between radiation and symptoms of ischaemia. It is proposed that irradiation acts synergistically to other atherogenetic factors and this should be kept in mind when radiation therapy is planned in patients with high risk of developing atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Localized arterial occlusions in patients treated with pelvic field radiation for cancer. 41 68

A group of patients with athero-arteriosclerotic vascular disease (coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis of the extremities) have been subjected to platelet antiaggregating-antidyslipidaemic treatment with a chlofibrate-dipyridamol association; a control series was treated with chlofibrate alone. Frequency of angina pectoris, pain intensity and trinitrine consumption ware evaluated in patients with coronary heart disease, claudicometry, oscillometry and thermometry in patients with atherosclerosis of the extremities. The following laboratory parameters were also analysed: cholesterolaemia, triglyceridaemia, prothrombin activity, fibrinogenaemia, uricaemia and tolerance of oral glucose loading. Analysis of the results has shown that the association improved the parameters considered in statistically significant fashion; chlofibrate alone led to significant modifications of coronaropathic group parameters (with the exception of pain intensity) whereas it did not lead to significant changes in parameters evaluated for atherosclerosis of the extremities. All laboratory parameters were modified favourably by the association to a statistically greater extent than by chlofibrate alone. Both the association and chlofibrate were well tolerated.
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PMID:[The clofibrate-dipyridamole combination in the treatment of athero-arteriosclerotic vasculopathy]. 43 77

Seventeen patients had spontaneous orbital hemorrhages. The usual symptoms were acute onset of pain, proptosis, and vomiting with decreased vision, limitation of motility, and ecchymosis of the eyelids occurring in some patients. The children often developed a progressive space occupying lesion that simulated a neoplasm. Most patients had underlying venous anomalies, although several elderly patients with atherosclerosis developed arterial hemorrhages with more abrupt and dramatic symptoms. Other associated conditions included hypertension, anemia, labor, and von Willebrand's disease. The visual outcome was good except in the elderly patients, half of whom had severe and permanent visual loss.
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PMID:Orbital hemorrhage. 47 97

Twenty patients with a mean age of 79 years were followed over a period of 6 months after intra-arterial insufflation of CO2 in the lower extremity. All patients had severe peripheral occlusive arterial disease caused by atherosclerosis and were scheduled for amputation. A significant increase of the distal perfusion pressure was obtained in the majority of the cases resulting in pain relief and healing of ulcers and gangrenes.
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PMID:Effect of intra-arterial CO2 insuffflation on occlusive arterial disease in the lower leg. 73 39

The authors repeat part of their report to the 79th French Congress of Surgery, presented in September, 1977. They recall that chronic obstructive arteriopathies affect from 1.5% to 4% of the population, and that in half of the cases, the symptoms are those of a simple intermittent claudication. Atheromatosis is the main cause, but to this must be added many other risk factors, smoking and metabolic disorders, especially glucidic and lipidic ones. There is spontaneous worsening in only half the cases. Other vascular and coronary ailments and problems of the cerebral vessels are responsible for most of the deaths of patients affected by arteriopathies of the lower limbs. The precise pain mechanism of the intermittent arterial claudication, its physio-pathological significance, like the mechanisms of vasomotricity and the development of the collateral circulation, are not yet completely clear. A therapeutic attitude can only be taken keeping in mind these developmental and physiopathological data: claudication is a symptom that does not necessarily mean that the limb is threatened.
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PMID:[Intermittent claudications of arterial origin: some epidemiological and physiopathological features]. 74 Jul 21

In 34 patients with coronary atherosclerosis a pacing test was performed with measurement of the lactate, glucose, potassium and inorganic phosphate coronary arterio-venous differences. Eighteen of these 34 patients felt no pain during the pacing test. In this group of asymptomatic patients, there was no significant change of the lactate, glucose, potassium and inorganic phosphate myocardial extraction. In the 16 patients who felt an anginal pain during the pacing test, there was a significant myocardial production of lactate, but the myocardial loss of potassium and inorganic phosphate was not continuously statistically significant. Myocardial extraction of glucose during the pacing-induced angina did not increase. Although, in some patients, both the potassium and the inorganic phosphate might be used to assess a condition of myocardial ischaemia, the lactate remains the best metabolic criterion for pacing-induced ischaemia.
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PMID:[Values of glucose, potassium and inorganic phosphate as metabolic indicators of myocardial ischemia in humans]. 80 87

216 limbs in 180 patients were operated upon for aorto-iliac atherosclerosis during the period of 1967 to 1974. 45% were operated on for rest-pain or gangrene, while 55% had intermittent claudication. Four year patency following semi-closed end-arterectomy was 85% whereas 83% and 74% 4 year patencies were observed after open endarterectomy and synthetic by-pass grafting. However, synthetic by-pass grafts were used in patients with the most extensive atherosclerosis. Femoro-femoral and axillo-femoral subcutaneous by-pass grafts may be useful alternatives when contraindication exists against direct reconstruction of the aorta or the iliac arteries. The operative mortality was 6.7%. Eleven patients were reoperated for bleeding and 10 for early reocclusion. A good result was obtained in 14 of these cases. The indications for the different operative techniques are discussed. It is concluded that both prosthetic by-pass grafting and endarterectomy have a definite place in the treatment of aorto-iliac atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of aorto-iliac atherosclerosis. 85 53


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