Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors examined neosynthesis of fiber proteins (scleroproteins) in the aorta of rats with genetic hypertonia and with experimental atherosclerosis after application of 3H-proline and 3H-lysine and subsequent determination of radioactivity of collagenous and elastic in the aortic wall. There was a great increase in incorporation a labelled precursors of collagen and elastin in the aorta of hypertonic and atherosclerotic animals in comparison with the control rats-a manifestation of increased "de novo" synthesis of fiber proteins in rats with these arterial diseases. Furthermore the increased collagenosis dominated over that of elastogenesis. The irregularity in the activation of biosynthesis of both sclero-proteins in rats with hypertonia and atherosclerosis caused remodeling of macromolecular structure of the aretrial wall with a predominance of collagen over the remaining components of the connective tissue matrix. The resulting fibrosis of the arterial wall favoured the fixation of hypertonia and progression of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:[Arterial scleroproteins in atherosclerosis and hypertension (experimental studies)]. 43 8

Thirty-three patients with one or several late occlusions in 43 limbs of aortofemoral dacron grafts underwent 56 reconstructions because of impending limb loss. Thrombectomy alone with patch closure was less successful. Excision of the femoral anastomosis, resection of the distal part of the occluded prosthetic limb and replacement by a new velours graft tube together with profundaplasty and further downstream reconstruction revealed the best results. The early reocclusion rate was 10%, the late reocclusion rate was 10%. There was no operative mortality and no amputation. Two late deaths occurred, in one case due to grade III infection with sepsis. Another late graft infection was successfully managed by an extraanatomic bypass and excision of the infected limb. The reasons for late occlusions of aortofemoral grafts were found to be incomplete reconstruction of the outflow tract, technical failure at the time of primary reconstruction and progressive atherosclerosis. Hypertonus was common in all cases with progression of the disease. Technical details of the operative management for late occlusion are presented.
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PMID:[Treatment of late occlusions and stenoses after an aortofemoral bypass operation]. 52 2

In the last 15 years it has been a growing interest in the cyclic variations of circulating insulin [46]. After the suggestion that this phenomenon may be due to oscillations of the beta-cell membrane potential [8,39], it was demonstrated that [Ca2+]i oscillates in the glucose-stimulated beta-cell with a similar frequency to that of pulsatile insulin release. The present review describes four types of [Ca2+]i oscillations in the pancreatic beta-cell. The slow sinusoidal oscillations, referred to as type-a, are those which most closely correspond to pulsatile insulin release. Although not affecting the properties of the type-a oscillations in individual beta-cells, the concentration of glucose is a determinant for their generation and further transformation into a sustained increase. Accordingly, cytoplasmic Ca2+ is regulated by sudden transitions between oscillatory and steady-state levels at threshold concentrations of glucose, which are characteristic for the individual beta-cell. This behaviour explains the observation of a gradual recruitment of previously non-secreting cells with increase of the extracellular glucose concentration [44]. However, it still remains to be elucidated how the sudden transitions between these three states translate into the co-ordinated slow oscillations of [Ca2+]i in the intact islet. Cyclic variations of circulating insulin require a synchronization of the [Ca2+]i cycles also among the islets in the pancreas. It is still an open question by which means the millions of islets communicate mutually to establish a pattern of pulsatile insulin release from the whole pancreas. The discovery that the beta-cell is not only the functional unit for insulin synthesis but also generates the [Ca2+]i oscillations required for pulsatile insulin release has both physiological and clinical implications. The fact that minor damage to the beta-cells prevents the type-a oscillations with maintenance of a glucose response in terms of raised [Ca2+]i reinforces previous arguments [54] that loss of insulin oscillations is an early indicator of type-2 diabetes. Further analyses of the [Ca2+]i oscillations in the beta-cells should include not only the mechanisms for their generation and subsequent propagation within or among the islets but also how modulation of their frequency affects the insulin sensitivity of various target cells. The latter approach may be important in the attempts to maintain normoglycemia under conditions minimizing the vascular effects of insulin supposed to precipitate hypertonia and atherosclerosis [70,71,77].
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PMID:Cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillations in pancreatic beta-cells. 145 Feb 3

Description is made of the various stages in the development of the problem. The earliest theories on atherosclerosis are discussed (Lobstein and others). Insofar development of the functional trend is concerned, the science of atherosclerosis is considered in the light of the classic works in the Russian medical literature of the second half of the XIXth century, mainly those of Botkin, Polotebnev etc. The author pays tribute also to the representatives of the French classical school (Euchart etc.). The problem of atherosclerosis is also dealt with in the light of recent advances of biochemistry, as well as in the light of the statements of A. L. Miasnikov on the issue about the relationship between atherosclerosis and hypertonia and his classification of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:[Not Available]. 1163 30

Atherosclerosis, a progressive inflammatory disease, may lead to stroke, coronary artery disease, or peripheral artery disease. The prevalence of atherosclerosis associated with morbidity and mortality is very high in industrialized countries. This report describes the case of a 49-year-old male patient whose panoramic radiograph taken as part of a dental examination showed calcification in the branches of the external carotid artery. The right facial artery and left maxillary, facial, and lingual arteries were also calcified. The patient had a history of thrombosis in the right axillary and brachial veins with extension to half of the brachiocephalic trunk. In addition, selective lesions were found in the aorta and mitral valve. The patient's medical history also included hypertriglyceridemia, essential arterial hypertonia, terminal renal insufficiency, renal anemia, neurogen disturbance micturition, secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperuricemia, lymphatic edema, polyneuropathy, tachyarrhythmia absoluta, and erysipelas. The case presented reports on the possibility of detecting signs of atherosclerosis in arteries of the maxillofacial region by use of panoramic radiography.
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PMID:Calcification of the branches of the external carotid artery detected by panoramic radiography: a case report. 1242 61