Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Platelet deposition can occur in areas of vascular damage and on prosthetic materials such as heart valves or grafts; mural thrombus formation, with eventual organization, progression to fatal occlusion, thrombolysis, or arterial embolization can follow. Use of antiplatelet drugs in patients undergoing certain cardiovascular surgical procedures or having rapid progression of atherosclerosis may reduce the thromboembolic risk.
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PMID:Platelet-inhibitor therapy in cardiovascular disease. Effective defense against thromboembolism. 316 13

A transvenous left ventricular endocardial pacemaker catheter is a potential source of systemic arterial embolization. The case of a woman who presented with left-eye amaurosis fugax is reported. The patient had a history of contralateral carotid atherosclerosis; however, the digital subtraction angiography of the carotid arteries was not sufficiently abnormal to account for her present symptoms. The patient had a history of two myocardial infarctions and the tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome for which she was treated with a demand ventricular pacemaker. The chest x-ray and electrocardiogram suggested pacemaker catheter malposition. By M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography, the catheter was shown to cross the atrial septum and the mitral valve to implant in the left ventricular endocardium. The approach to diagnosis and therapy that led to surgical removal of the pacing catheter is presented. The causes of the electrocardiographic right bundle branch block pattern in cardiac pacing and the usefulness of echocardiography in evaluating pacing catheters are discussed.
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PMID:Amaurosis fugax in a patient with a left ventricular endocardial pacemaker. 620 Aug 59

Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) are considered rare. The great improvement in the diagnosis of vascular diseases and the increasing incidence of atherosclerosis have resulted in a wider recognition of these pathologies. Differently from other splanchnic locations, HAAs have a high risk of rupture so that an aggressive treatment is required. Different therapeutic options are currently available: simple ligation of the artery, aneurysm excision with vascular reconstruction, and transcatheter embolization. We describe the usefulness of transcatheter arterial embolization of an 8 cm hepatic artery aneurysm incidentally found on an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan in an asymptomatic patient.
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PMID:Catheter embolization of an hepatic artery aneurysm: a case report. 1645 11

Vulvar hematomas occur rarely outside the obstetric population but may present after other trauma to the pelvis or perineum. Spontaneous rupture of the internal iliac artery is described mostly in the presence of an aneurysm, with atherosclerosis, connective tissue disease, infection, and trauma as causative factors. It most often presents with abdominal pain and neurologic or urologic symptoms. We present an unusual case of a spontaneous rupture of the internal iliac artery that presented as a vulvar hematoma in a nulliparous woman that was successfully treated with selective arterial embolization and surgical evacuation. The literature is reviewed and management options discussed.
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PMID:Vulvar hematoma secondary to spontaneous rupture of the internal iliac artery: clinical review. 1948 25

Prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) for relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with prostate enlargement or benign prostatic hyperplasia (PE or BPH) is an experimental procedure with promising preliminary results. Patient evaluation and selection before PAE is paramount to improve technical and clinical results. Our inclusion criteria for PAE include: male patients, age>40 years, prostate volume>30 cm(3) and diagnosis of PE or BPH with moderate to severe LUTS refractory to medical treatment for at least 6 months (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS]>18, or quality of life [QoL]>3, or both) or with acute urinary retention refractory to medical therapy. Exclusion criteria include: malignancy (based on pre-embolization digital rectal and transrectal ultrasound [TRUS] examinations and prostate specific antigen [PSA] measurements with positive biopsy), large bladder diverticula, large bladder stones, chronic renal failure, tortuosity and advanced atherosclerosis of a) iliac or b) prostatic arteries on pre-procedural computed tomographic angiography (CTA), active urinary tract infection and unregulated coagulation parameters. Approximately one-third of the patients seen initially on consultation satisfy the criteria to be selected for PAE after undergoing the pre-procedural patient evaluation workflow. In the pre-procedural consultation patients are informed of all possible therapeutic options for LUTS with the investigational nature of the procedure being strongly reinforced. The major advantage of PAE relies on the minimally-invasive nature of the technique with minimal morbidity and rapid recovery,and it being performed as an outpatient procedure. However, the experimental nature and uncertain clinical outcome should also be weighed before opting for PAE. All these considerations should be explained to the patient and discussed during the informed consent before PAE.
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PMID:Patient selection and counseling before prostatic arterial embolization. 2324 23

Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens is rarely associated with bacteremia but results in significant mortality. Almost all reported bacteremia cases have occurred in immunocompromised hosts, such as those with alcoholic liver disease, atherosclerosis, recent surgery, malignancies, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We describe here, to our knowledge, the first clinical evidence for A succiniciproducens bacteremia in a healthy man. A 61-year-old man had fallen from a roof and was admitted to our emergency department with severe left flank pain without an external wound. He was given transcatheter arterial embolization for the left kidney injury on the same day, and his condition stabilized. Four days after admission, he had fever without gastrointestinal signs and symptoms. Spiral-shaped, gram-negative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 2 sets of blood cultures, and the oxidase and catalase test results were negative. The isolated bacteria were different from the Campylobacter spp. On the next day, the bacteria were confirmed as A succiniciproducens by 16S rRNA sequencing. The patient responded to sulbactam/ampicillin. On day 13, the patient was discharged with a 7-day prescription for oral amoxicillin/clavulanate. Six months after admission, the patient was free of recurrent infection. A succiniciproducens bacteremia can occur in healthy adults. When large gram-negative spiral-shaped bacteria are detected, this bacterial species should be considered and differentiated from the Campylobacter spp because A succiniciproducens is often resistant to macrolide antibiotics.
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PMID:Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens-induced bacteremia in a healthy man. 2444 May 90

A floating thrombus in the ascending aorta is rarely found in clinical practice and is an uncommon cause of peripheral arterial embolization. When there is minimal atherosclerosis or a normal aorta, the management of such a lesion is poorly defined. Currently, there is no clear consensus concerning optimal treatment. Herein, we report 2 cases of ascending aortic thrombus that are complicated by a peripheral embolic event. Due to the risk of recurrent systemic embolism, particularly with strokes, surgical thrombectomy with ascending aortic wall replacements was performed. We believe that floating ascending aorta thrombus represents a serious source of systemic embolism and stroke. Surgical removal is easy to perform with good clinical outcomes. Conservative treatments such as anticoagulation or thromboaspiration may be considered in high-risk or inoperable patients.
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PMID:Floating thrombus in the ascending aorta revealed by peripheral arterial embolism. 3207 46