Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Examinations were carried out on 827 deceased with myocardial infarction (MI), 27 (3.26%) out of them being at a rather early age (26-44). The average age of those examined with MI at that early age is 39. The males are affected more frequently than females -- ratio 3.5:1. In 89 per cent of the examined the coronary insufficiency was manifested clinically and morphologically before the age of 40 and two or more MI, with a different duration were established. The most frequent causes of the development of MI are coronary atherosclerosis in 48.15 per cent, rheumatism (coronary embolism) in 14.81 per cent, endarteritis obliterans in 7.14 per cent and leutic coronaritis in 3.70 per cent. In 25.93 per cent of the examined only lipoidosis or completely intact coronary arteries were established. Almost in all of the examined cardiac hypertrophia was present, the average weight of the heart being 434 g. In a part of the examined, morphological changes in microcirculation were observed -- namely -- formation of microthrombosis, manifested intimal cushions, fibrosis of the walls and perivasal fibrosis of the muscular arteries and arteriols.
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PMID:[Frequency, etiological factors and the morphological characteristics of myocardial infarct in youth]. 52 74

We studied the prevalence and the risk factor among the patients of gout in Mexico. Research was conducted in the National Institute of Cardiology and in our private practice. Prevalence of hiperuricemia and gout in the Institute of Cardiology was of 1% (970 out of nearly 100,000 patients). We divided those cases of two subgroups: Reumatology patients (333) and Cardiovascular patients (529). In the first group primary gout was (96.3), and (50.32% in the second. Risk factor was quite different too: nephropathy 9.9%, lithiasis 9.3%, pyelonephritis 2.7%, cardioangiosclerosis 12.9%, aortosclerosis 6.6%, coronary insufficiency 6.3%, myocardial infarction 0.9%, arterial hypertension 24.6% obesity 56.1% and diabetes 9.9% in the Reumatology group; in the Cardiovascular one, nephropathy 14.3%, lithiasis 12.2%, pyelonephritis 7.1%, cardioangiosclerosis 62.7%, aortosclerosis 31.7%, coronary insufficiency 24.9%, myocardial infarction 29%, arterial hypertension 51%, obesity 54.8% and diabetes 20.4%. Among the private practice patients prevalence was of 10.1% (961). In an early age (39 years) in men and a later one for women (53 years). Other characteristics of epidemiology and risk factor are: primary gout 89%, atherosclerosis 5%, coronary disease 4.6%, lithiasis 4.7%, nephropathy 2%, pyelonephritis 1%, obesity 43%, and diabetes 4.6%. In an small group of patients of our private practice we made an exhaustive study of risk factor and the metabolic disorder of lipids. We found the following frequency: 9.3 of nephropathy, 31.2% of lithiasis, 18.7% of pyelonephritis, 68.9% of cardioangiosclerosis, 46.8% de coronary insufficiency, 9.3% of myocardial infarction, 68.7% of arterial hypertension, 68.7% of obesity and 18.7% of diabetes. In the lipid profile we found an increase in triglicerids and prebeta lipoprotein. We have amply discussed the relation between hiperuricemia and pathology considered as a risk factor from the genetic point of view as well as the metabolic and circumstancial aspect. From all that we concluded that risk is multifactorial.
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PMID:[Various epidemiological aspects of hyperuricemia and gout in Mexico: incidence and the cardiovascular risk factor]. 72 44

The coronary collateral circulation of 162 patients suffering from atherosclerosis and coronary insufficiency (coronary artery disease) was studied. It was found to be present in 44 patients, or 27.1%; homocoronary in 9%, intercoronary in 90.9%. As other Authors have previously reported, anastomotic circulation is more developed when the coronary occlusion exceeds 75%. Not one of the 44 cases with normal coronary arteries or occlusion inferior to 75% presented collateral circulation. In addition, it was found to be present more frequently in cases with three branch lesions. The time of insurgence of coronary insufficiency seems to condition the development of anastomotic circulation which appears more frequently when the symptoms have been present for more than 5 years (43.9%). Anastomotic circulation is also found more frequently (48.4%) in patients who have suffered myocardial infarction and who have angina. Collateral circulation was not found in any of the 46 patients with unstable isolated angina; this seems to show the importance, in its pathogenesis, of the functional factor (spasm). In conclusion, we may say that anastomotic circulation is more developed: 1) in cases of severe occlusive lesions (in severe coronary occlusive disease/atherosclerosis) (85%);2) in three branch lesions; 3) in cases of long standing symptomatology; 4) in stable angina and in angina t infarction.
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PMID:[Coronary collateral circulation in coronary atherosclerosis (author's transl)]. 73 69

Antihypertensive therapy was performed in 47 patients having severe or malignant hypertension. The duration of the survey was two years. A highly significant decrease in blood pressure was observed. The decrease was not dependent on the type of antihypertensive treatment. Renal function was reduced at the beginning of the treatment. The renal insufficiency partly or totally diminished in course of time. Coronary insufficiency was noted in 5 patients. Coronarography showed thrombotic atherosclerosis in only one patient. A significant increase in lipids, cholesterol and triglycerids was nearly constant. The meaning of such facts is discussed.
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PMID:[Medically treated severe arterial hypertension. Long term course]. 80 10

Study of four personal cases and of twelve cases reported in the literature makes it possible to describe the characteristics of coronary embolism in mitral stenosis, a rare complication but indicating the presence of a left intra-atrial thrombosis: -- variable clinical picture, dominated by a syndrome combining simultaneously a picture of myocardial infarction and of peripheral arterial emboli of other localizations; -- diagnosis to be discussed within the framework of coronary syndromes in mitral heart disease: embolism requiring to be distinguished from coronary atherosclerosis combined with mitral stenosis, more rarely a functional coronary insufficiency; -- severe course and prognosis: besides the possibility of rapidly lethal cases, coronary embolism seems liable to result in weakening and diminishing of the adaptation possibilities of the left ventricle, responsible for attacks of heart failure after mitral valvulotomy.
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PMID:[Coronary emboli in mitral stenosis]. 81 66

A study has been made of the haemodynamic affects of a single intravenous injection of amiodarone chorhydrate (5 mg/kg); the injection was given at rest to six normal subjects and six patients with coronary insufficiency due to atherosclerosis. The effects of the drug are most marked at the fifteenth minute after injection, and are: slowing of the heart rate; lessened cardiac output and left ventricular effort; a significant increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and diastolic pressure; slight variations in flow in the coronary sinus, with an increase in the ratio of coronary sinus flow to cardiac output. Amiodarone chlorhydrate appears to exert a favourable action upon the heart because, while it maintains myocardial perfusion, it tends to diminish the myocardial oxygen requirement by decreasing the rate of contraction and the contractility of the myocardium.
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PMID:[Hemodynamic effects of intravenous injections of amiodarone chlorhydrate in normal subjects and coronary patients]. 82 14

The clinical course and prognosis were studied in 116 patients with clinical signs of ischaemic heart disease when they were hospitalized in an institution in which selective coronary angiography was practiced along with the routine clinical examinations. Control examinations were conducted 2 years later. The dynamics of the clinical manifestations and the results of the disease were evaluated according to the following categories: improvement, stabilization, progressive course, death. All the examined patients were divided into 2 groups: 74 patients with atherosclerotic coronary heart disease proved at angiography, and 72 patients without angiographic signs of coronary pathology. The course of the disease was found to depend on the presence and severity of the atherosclerotic process in the coronary arteries. Essential hypertension aggravated the course and prognosis of the disease. The distinctness of the clinical manifestations of coronary insufficiency, the ischaemic changes in the ECG repolarization complex, the duration of the disease history, and the age of the patients tended to predispose the outcome of the atherosclerotic lesion of the heart. In the group of patients with clinical signs of ischaemic heart disease, but without angiographic changes in the coronaries the result was more favourable, than in those with coronary atherosclerosis. This group, however, included some patients with prognostically unfavourable myocarcial lesions of non-atherosclerotic genesis.
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PMID:[Course and outcome of ischemic heart disease in patients with angiographically confirmed coronary arteriosclerosis]. 97 77

In 30 patients with stage I and III coronary atherosclerosis the interrelationship between K and Na content in blood and erythrocytes, daily urine excretion of aldosterone and blood level of cholesterol was studied. It was established that in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease the electrolyte balance disorders manifested themselves on the early stages of the disease in increased plasma Na concentrations. The hypernatremia in such cases was traced against the background of an elevated mineral-corticoid activity of the adrenal glands during exacerbations of coronary insufficiency. A positive correlation was revealed between the blood levels of Na and cholesterol.
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PMID:[Disorders of electrolyte balance in patients with coronary atherosclerosis]. 114 20

A total of 65 adenohypophyses of male and female patients who had suffered from latent and manifesting forms of atherosclerosis, and 43 adenohypophyses of practically healthy people (withoug atherosclerosis) were studied. The morphometrical method of investigation was broadly used in this work, which made it possible to carry out mathematical treatment of the data obtained. The most drastic changes in the structure of the adenohypophysis were noted in cases in whom death had occurred as a result of acute coronary insufficiency which was considered as a variant of stress situation in the organism. An intimate connection between the morphofunctional state of the adenohypophysis and histomorphological changes in the peripheral endocrine glands depending upon age, sex and manifestation of atherosclerosis is shown.
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PMID:[The relationship between age, different degrees of atherosclerosis and comparative morphofunctional characteristics of the adenohypophysis]. 122 91

Coronary- and LV-angiography in coronary heart disease are indicated I) to clarify whether or not surgery is required (e.g. aorto-coronary-bypass operation, aneurysmectomy) in 1) drug resistent angina pectoris, 2) myocardial aneurysms (or the suspicion of), 3) VSD following myocardial infarction and/or 4) as preoperative investigations in mitral regurgitation or 5) other valve lesions. II) These investigations are furthermore indicated in the under-50-yr.-old considering their prognosis and diagnosis 1) following myocardial infarction 2) to clarify a pathological exercise test with or without angina pectoris 3) in the differential diagnosis of myocardial diseases and 4) occasionally in patients with a number of risk factors or exposed to particular occupational hazards or from families with a high incidence of early deaths from heart disease. Coronary- and LV-angiography are contraindicated in 1) generalized stenosing atherosclerosis, 2) acute myocardial infarction, 3) failure from other organ-systems (e.g. kidney), 4) drug resistent endogenous risk factors and/or relevant obesity, 5) biological age over 60-65.6) continued nicotine dependence. In many cases the specific diagnostic investigations will include the assessment of coronary flow at rest and during maximal drug induced coronary dilatation. This enables us to estimate the coronary reserve and to diagnose coronary insufficiency in patients with normal coronary angiograms.- Instructive morphological and/or functional results illustrate this presentation.
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PMID:[Indications for coronary arteriography and left ventriculography in coronary heart disease (author's transl)]. 125 Nov 19


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