Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Contrary to a common view, ischemic stroke under the age of 45 is not rare. In the Lausanne Stroke Registry, more than 10% of the patients were within this age limit. Overall, in Occidental countries the causes of stroke in the young adult do not really differ from those in the older individual; it is only the relative frequency of stroke that is not the same. Cardiac embolism, arterial dissection, and migraine represent the most common etiologic factors, while atherosclerosis is much more unusual. The etiologic aspects and their therapeutic implications justify an active investigative attitude in young adults with recent ischemic stroke. After the acute phase of stroke, prognosis is reasonable.
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PMID:Ischemic stroke in patients under age 45. 155 98

Etiology, neuropsychological deficits, aphasia type, and recovery were retrospectively studied in 254 young adults with stroke. Cardiac embolism was the most common cause of stroke in patients younger than 40, while atherosclerosis was the most frequent etiology among those aged 41-50 years. In 166 aphasic patients, Broca's aphasia was the most common while Wernicke's and transcortical aphasias were rare. Compared with an older aphasic population, young patients had significantly more nonfluent aphasias and fewer comprehension deficits. These differences were related to stroke localization: the majority of infarcts localized by computed tomography in 37 patients involved either the entire middle cerebral artery territory or its superior or deep branches, explaining the preponderance of nonfluent aphasia. Prognosis of aphasia in our patients was better than has been reported for non-age-selected aphasia populations. Roughly one third of our patients recovered completely, one third improved, and one third had an unresolved language deficit. Complete recovery and significant improvement were observed even greater than 6 months after stroke. In some patients, recovery was much better than might have been predicted from lesion site and size depicted on computed tomograms.
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PMID:Young adult stroke: neuropsychological dysfunction and recovery. 245 33

We studied 34 consecutive patients with non-mass-producing cerebellar infarcts using a standard protocol of investigations including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We analyzed the topography of infarcts to determine the involved arterial territories and we correlated the findings with neurological dysfunction and potential causes of stroke. Sixteen patients had an infarct in the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA); 2, in the territory of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA); 13, in the territory of the superior cerebellar artery (SCA); and 8 had junctional infarcts between the territories of the medial and lateral branches of the PICA or PICA/SCA territories. PICA or medial PICA territory infarcts were manifested by acute vertigo and truncal ataxia, while the patients with lateral PICA territory infarcts presented with unsteadiness, limb ataxia and dysmetria without dysarthria. Patients with infarcts in the AICA territory were characterized by limb and trunk ataxia associated with signs of lateropontine involvement. Patients with SCA territory infarcts presented with dysarthria, unsteadiness and/or vertigo, limb ataxia, and dysmetria. Cardiac embolism was the main cause of large infarcts in the territories of the PICA (8/16) or SCA (4/7). Multiple small infarcts were associated with vertebrobasilar atherosclerosis (8/12). These clinical-MRI correlations allow better definition of the topographic and etiological spectrum of cerebellar infarction, which was previously based on pathological studies in subjects with severe infarction.
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PMID:The clinical and topographic spectrum of cerebellar infarcts: a clinical-magnetic resonance imaging correlation study. 849 23