Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate the relationship between atherosclerotic vascular disease and age-associated changes in the normal human kidney, autopsy findings and renal histology from 57 individuals with mild systemic atherosclerosis (group I), were compared to 57 sex- and age-matched individuals with moderate-to-severe atherosclerosis (group II). Age, sex, body build, the presence or absence of hypertension, semiquantitative aorta and coronary-artery atherosclerosis scores, organ weights, and the percent of globally sclerotic glomeruli were determined in each. Glomerular area, arcuate/interlobular arteries, and percent interstitial fibrosis were measured using standard morphometric techniques. Group I individuals had a 8.3 +/- 7.0% incidence of sclerotic glomeruli, compared to 15.4 +/- 16.3% in group II (mean +/- SD, P less than 0.01). Relative intrarenal arterial wall area was increased in group II (60 +/- 12%) compared to group I (55 +/- 11%, P less than 0.05). The mean glomerular area of nonsclerotic glomeruli was greater in group II (23,700 +/- 6,000 sq mu) than in group I (19,600 +/- 3,700 sq mu, P less than 0.01), suggesting that there were compensatory increases in glomerular size in group II. Interstitial fibrosis was similar in both groups. The relative impact of age, sex, body build, hypertension, systemic atherosclerosis, intrarenal vascular disease and interstitial fibrosis on glomerulosclerosis and glomerular size was investigated using multiple linear regression. Both age and intrarenal vascular disease exhibited highly significant, independent associations with glomerulosclerosis. Glomerular area was positively correlated with heart weight and coronary artery atherosclerosis. In contrast, there was no independent correlation between glomerular area and glomerulosclerosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Relationship between vascular disease and age-associated changes in the human kidney. 359 55

Although long-term use of cyclosporine has been implicated in the pathogenesis of arteriolar hyalinosis, interstitial fibrosis, and glomerulosclerosis observed in the native kidneys of heart transplant recipients, it is not clear that these histologic abnormalities are entirely specific for a drug-induced toxic nephropathy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-standing congestive heart failure, particularly when complicated by disease processes such as atherosclerosis and hypertension, may independently predispose to the development of similar renal histopathology. Records and specimens were selected from autopsy files for evaluation of clinical profiles and kidney histology in 16 patients who died of end-stage cardiomyopathy of varying causes without having recourse to heart transplantation. The study cohort consisted of 12 men and four women. Cardiomyopathies were the result of coronary artery disease in six patients and nonischemic causes in the other 10 patients. The mean age at the time of death was 53 +/- 3 years (range 28 to 74 years). Thirteen (81%) of 16 patients had a history of hypertension. Nadir serum creatinine concentrations during the month before death were 1.7 +/- 0.2 mg/dl (range 1.2 to 3.5 mg/dl). Interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerulosclerosis were present in 15 (94%) of 16 patients. Arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis were found in 13 (81%) of 16 and 14 (88%) of 16 patients, respectively. A nodular pattern of arteriolar hyalinosis was observed in two patients with ischemic disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Evaluation of chronic renal disease in heart transplant recipients: importance of pretransplantation native kidney histologic evaluation. 806 Oct 12

Percutaneous transluminal renal stenting (PTRS) does not consistently improve renal function in patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease, but the mechanisms underlying irreversible kidney injury have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that renal dysfunction after PTRS is linked to ongoing renal microvascular (MV) remodeling. Pigs were studied after 10 wk of atherosclerosis and renal artery stenosis (ARAS), ARAS treated with PTRS 4 wk earlier, and normal controls (n = 10 each). Renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were studied using multidetector computer tomography. Renal microvascular architecture (micro-CT), angiogenic activity, oxidative stress, and fibrosis were evaluated ex vivo. Four weeks after PTRS, blood pressure was normalized. However, GFR and RBF remained similarly decreased in untreated ARAS and ARAS+PTRS (P < 0.05 vs. normal). MV rarefaction was unaltered after revascularization, and the spatial density of outer cortical microvessels correlated with residual GFR. Interstitial fibrosis and altered expression of proangiogenic and profibrotic factors persisted after PTRS. Tubulointerstitial injury in ARAS persisted 4 wk after mechanically successful PTRS, and vessel loss correlated with residual renal dysfunction. MV loss and fibrosis in swine ARAS might account for persistent renal dysfunction after PTRS and underscore the need to assess renal parenchymal disease before revascularization.
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PMID:Persistent kidney dysfunction in swine renal artery stenosis correlates with outer cortical microvascular remodeling. 2136 13