Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a complex trait caused by a number of local and systemic factors. Among the latter, atherosclerosis has been attributed a major pathogenic role. Recently, the paraoxonase/arylesterase (PONA) enzyme has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. There is a 10- to 40-fold variability in the activity of this enzyme among individuals. This variability is due to the presence of an A/G polymorphism in the coding region of the gene. The A and G alleles code for glutamine (A genotype) and arginine (B genotype), respectively. We determined the PONA genotypes and alleles in 42 patients with CRVO and in 45 control subjects of the Japanese population. The distribution of AA, AB and BB genotypes were 9.6, 45.2 and 45.2%, respectively, in the patients and 26.7, 53.3 and 20.0% in the control subjects, respectively (p < 0.05). The A allele frequency was 0.32 in patients and 0.53 in controls (p < 0.01). In conclusion, molecular variants of the PONA gene are involved in the predisposition to CRVO. Further studies are needed to characterize the molecular mechanism by which the PONA enzyme is involved in atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Molecular variant of the human paraoxonase/arylesterase gene is associated with central retinal vein occlusion in the Japanese population. 967 15

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) remains one of the most common retinal vascular disorders that may lead to blindness. The etiology is unknown, however, predisposing factors such as hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypercoagulable states have all been described. Local ophthalmic illnesses such as open angle glaucoma, ocular trauma and orbital infections have also been suggested as causative. CRVO can be subdivided into two clinical types, ischemic and non-ischemic. The non-ischemic type comprises the milder form of the disease with partial venous obstruction and good visual outcome. Ischemic CRVO is the severe form and is associated with visual loss, because of nearly total retinal vein obstruction and poor perfusion to retina. In addition, patients with ischemic CRVO may end up with additional complications such as neovascular glaucoma that may lead to blindness. Over 90% of CRVO occurs in patients > 65 years. The presenting symptom is a sudden painless mono-ocular decrease in visual acuity which could result from macular edema, ischemia, or intraocular bleeding. Ophthalmoscopic examination reveals macular edema, retinal bleeding (more peripheral), tortuous vein dilatation and swollen disc. Current treatment modalities include systemic use of anticoagulation drugs, local treatments including laser, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and surgery (vitrectomy). This review presents the current therapeutic modalities in CRVO.
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PMID:[Treatment modalities in central retinal vein occlusion]. 2081