Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lower limb amputation is performed predominantly to alleviate acute and chronic limb ischaemia caused by vascular disease, poorly controlled diabetes or, occasionally, infection. Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of chronic arterial ischaemia and the most common reason for amputation. The vascular nurse has an important role in reducing the need for amputation, by providing information on health promotion and illness prevention to patients with vascular insufficiency to halt progression to amputation. This is the first of four articles focusing on lower limb amputation. It examines the indications for lower limb amputation in detail, and briefly outlines other treatment options including revascularization techniques.
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PMID:Lower limb amputation. 1: indications and treatment. 936 31

Relationship between concentration of Mg and Cu in serum and the arterial wall was studied in patients with atherosclerosis obliterans (AO), aortic aneurysm (AA) and in the control group. The effect of ageing was also evaluated. The results showed increased serum concentration of Cu in the eldest control group (50-59 years) when compared to the younger (20-29 years). Serum concentration of Mg was decreased in AO and AA, and that in the arterial wall was lower in AA, than in controls. Concentration of Cu in serum and the arterial wall was higher in AO than in controls. Lower limb ischaemia results in decreased serum Mg and increased Cu in the critical degree as compared with the moderate degree of ischaemia. The ratio Mg/Cu was found lower both in serum and the arterial wall in AO and AA, as a result of ageing and vascular disease, and it could be better marker of ischaemia than individual element concentrations.
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PMID:Modifications of magnesium and copper concentrations in serum and arterial wall of patients with vascular diseases related to ageing, atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm. 1531 44

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis that is associated with a significant limitation in limb function due to ischaemia and high risk of cardiovascular mortality. The lower limb manifestations of PAD principally fall into the categories of chronic stable claudication, critical leg ischaemia, and, rarely, acute limb ischaemia. Lower limb ischaemia induced by PAD is a major health problem. In the absence of effective pharmacological, interventional or surgical treatment, amputation is undertaken at the end-stage as a solution to unbearable symptoms. The concept of "therapeutic angiogenesis" has become widely accepted during the past few years. Bone marrow consists of multiple cell populations, including endothelial progenitor cells, which have been shown to differentiate into endothelial cells and release several angiogenic factors and thereby enhance neovascularisation in animal models of hind limb ischaemia. The promising results from various preclinical studies provide the basis for clinical trials using bone marrow-derived cells or non-bone marrow cells, like cells from the peripheral blood or other tissues. However, the mechanisms by which these cells exert their positive effects are poorly understood until now. This review summarises the data from experimental and clinical studies related to peripheral arterial disease and cellular therapy.
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PMID:Therapeutic angiogenesis for peripheral artery disease: stem cell therapy. 1835 16

Lower limb arterial disease has unusual features when occurring before 50 years old. The most important one is the number of causes: atherosclerosis in 2/3 cases, Leo Buerger's disease in 1/4, but also sometimes embolic cardiopathies, antiphospholipid syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, genetic or compressive diseases, inflammatory arterial disease. When peripheral arterial disease occurs before 50, explorations have to be performed according to anamnesis: duplex echography, EKG, blood sample. Afterwards other explorations may be performed such as other vascular imaging techniques, echocardiography or more complete biological investigation. Results from an ongoing multicenter study should be soon available and give more knowledge about these special peripheral arterial diseases.
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PMID:[Peripheral occlusive arterial disease in the young patient]. 1944 82