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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was made of the regularities and changes in the fatty acid spectrum of total lipids of the blood serum, in interaction of carbohydrate lipid metabolism, and in the hypophyseal and thyroid system in 92 patients with the nephrotic form of acute and chronic glomerulonephritis. It has been discovered that the nephrotic form of glomerulonephritis is marked by a complex of changes in the fatty acid spectrum of the blood serum, in carbohydrate lipid metabolism at the sites of their conjunction, and in the hypophyseal and thyroid system which can be regarded as metabolic potentialities of atherosclerosis formation.
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PMID:[Biochemical markers of atherogenesis in a nephrotic form of glomerulonephritis in children]. 175 21

Cellular components of the bronchovascular barrier have been studied in human lungs obtained after death of some patients with acute and chronic lung inflammatory diseases, hypertonic disease, atherosclerosis and chronic glomerulonephritis. Certain oxidative-reductive and hydrolytic enzymes, including NAD-, NADP- diaphorases, lactic dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline monophosphoesterase, ATP-ase, adenylate cyclase and nonspecific esterase were evaluated quantitatively after the histochemical processing of the specimens for the above reactions. Correlation analysis was performed for the bronchial epithelium, endotheliocytes, lymphocytes, plasma and mast cells, as well as macrophages and polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The results showed that there was a significant shift in some of the measured enzymic activities. Moreover, the correlations between different quantitative data were noted and these correlations changed with age. The increase in "rigidity" of the correlations in the elements of the bronchovascular barrier has been demonstrated during the process of ageing.
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PMID:Functional morphology of the bronchovascular barrier of the human lungs during various age periods. 214 10

Kidneys from 90 individuals who had died from atherosclerosis, hypertensive disease, or chronic glomerulonephritis were examined following early autopsies. The nephron epithelium and the endothelium of peritubular capillaries were studied for activities and distribution patterns of NADPH2 dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and acid and alkaline phosphatases, for relative capillary and connective tissue volumes, and for lymphocyte, monocyte, and plasma cell numbers. A mathematical analysis of the histochemical and morphometric data provided information on the nature of changes in the renal microcirculatory bed and on the roles of free stromal cells in various forms of nephrosclerosis as well as on the zonal distribution of the parameters studied. Intercellular and vascular-cellular links were found to be weakest in the most advanced stage of chronic glomerulonephritis involving reduction of peritubular capillaries. In cardiovascular disorders, the morphofunctional characteristics of the microcirculatory bed and of its volume showed reciprocal changes, probably of a compensatory character.
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PMID:[Interrelation of changes in the epithelium of kidney tubules and interstitium in nephrosclerosis based on morphometric and histochemical data]. 366 62

Pathologic evaluations of pigeons dying between September 1984 and August 1985 are reported for a production colony of 1200-1800 White Carneau and Show Racer pigeons ranging in age from hatchlings to 12 years. Infectious diseases were the common causes of death in pigeons younger than 1 year; salmonellosis and nephritis were the common causes in pigeons 1-3 years old; and neoplasia and reproductive organ disorders were the common causes in pigeons older than 3 years. Monthly mortality was 2-4% in pigeons fed a cholesterol-containing diet and 0.9% in those fed noncholesterol-containing pellet diets. The increased deaths in the cholesterol-fed birds were attributed primarily to end-stage renal disease and atherosclerosis with secondary complications. The most frequently observed clinical entity in pigeons younger than 6 months was pseudomembrane formation on the oral and pharyngeal mucosa, termed pseudomembranous stomatitis. The definitive etiologic factor was not determined. Although all affected pigeons had similar gross lesions, the cases fell into one of three subsets, suggestive of bacterial, fungal, or viral etiologies. Chronic nephritis occurring as end-stage renal disease was more severe in pigeons fed a cholesterol-containing diet.
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PMID:Survey of the pathologic findings in a large production colony of pigeons, with special reference to pseudomembranous stomatitis and nephritis. 381 11

Out of 9015 necropsies of patients, over the age of 14, performed between January 1, 1967 and March 1, 1979 at a general hospital in Sofia, 729 of them (8,07%) proved to have diabetes as well. Renal complications were found in 315 of them (43,2%)--chronic pyelonephritis being most frequent (21,2% of all diabetics) followed by diabetic glomerulosclerosis (DG)--18,5 per cent of the diabetics and in 7,9 per cent--a combination of both complications. The authors studied only the patients with DG. They lived about 5,2 years, on the average, less than the other diabetics and 91,1 per cent of them had arterial hypertension versus 61,3 per cent among the rest of the diabetics. A total of 90 per cent of the hypertonics with DG had left ventricular hypertrophy--I--III stage. Atheromatosis of aorta and coronary arteries were found, in those deceased from hypertonic disease, to be more frequent and more severely manifested, than those decreased from chronic pyelonephritis with hypertension and than those deceased from chronic glomerulonephritis with hypertension in all age groups. Regardless of that, the morbidity rate among the deceased with DG from cardiac complications is a little less than that among the deceased from hypertonic disease and the causes for brain vascular complications among diabetics, in spite of the more frequent and more severe atherogenesis has been three times less rare than among the deceased from hypertonic disease. Very likely, the involvement of the kidneys contributes to those discrepancies.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular changes among deceased patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy among 9015 autopsied over the age of 14]. 667 84

The nature of transformations in the renal lymphatic system in the clinical pathology of the kidneys, mainly in the final stage of chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertension, atherosclerosis, hydronephrotic transformation (45 autopsy kidneys) is demonstrated. The controls consisted of kidneys from patients dying with non-renal pathology (12 organs). In the final stages of the above diseases progressive reduction of the intraorgan lymphatic capillaries and vessels with simultaneous marked vascularization of the fibrous renal capsule due to an increase in the amount of lymphatic capillaries (their growth) and formation of new abducting lymph stems, numerous anastomoses between them, as well as distention in the vessel lumens and the development of varicosis of the wall. These morphological changes indicate high plastic properties of the lymphatic system and its role in the retention of the renal function in developing "local" lymph congestions in the organ because of outgrowth of the connective tissue. On the other hand, they are universal and reflect the time course of the progress.
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PMID:[Transformation of the kidney lymphatic system in clinical pathology]. 727 6

To study the clinical picture of coronary heart disease with concomitant arterial hypertension of various genesis, 172 patients were examined, out of them the cause of arterial hypertension was hypertensive disease in 54, chronic pyelonephritis in 40, chronic glomerulonephritis in 37, and stenotic atherosclerosis of renal arteries in 29, endocrine disease in 12 patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) 148 with stenotic atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and (2) 24 patients with intact coronary arteries. Comparison of these patient groups revealed no clear-cut correlation between the age and the detection of exercise-induced angina, as well as the duration of arterial hypertension. There was no correlation between the detection of the anginal syndrome and ECG changes. The incidence of the anginal syndrome was 62.2% in Group 1 and 47.7% in Group 2. It was established that the detection of the anginal syndrome correlated well with the severity of left ventricular hypertrophy and values of blood pressure, despite nosological entities.
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PMID:[The clinical characteristics of ischemic heart disease in patients with arterial hypertension of different origins]. 837 62

Platelets (PLT) play an important role in hemostasis, modulation of immunological and inflammatory processes. There is also evidence that PLT takes part in the development of atherosclerosis and glomerulosclerosis. The aim of presented study was to determine morphological and functional changes of platelets and their relation to the lipid, protein and coagulation factors disturbances in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). The studies were carried out in 60 patients with CGN diagnosed by renal biopsy: 30 patients without nephrotic syndrome (NS)-CGN and 30 patients with NS-CGN+NS. Protein and lipid disturbances, coagulation factors were estimated using routine laboratory methods. Platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and modal platelet volume (PLT-Mode) were measured using Technicon H1 hematological autoanalyser. Platelet function was assessed by aggregometry using turbidimetric method (inductors: ADP 1-3 microM, collagen 50g/ml, epinephrine 0.25-5 microM). Spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) was measured in platelet rich plasma (PRP) without inductors for 15 min, in 1-2 hours after venesection. SPA was observed in 9 of 30 patients with CGN and in 19 of 30 patients with CGN+NS. MPV and PLT Mode were significantly higher in patient showing SPA compared with those without. Significant correlations between SPA and the concentration of plasma albumin (r = -0,70; p < 0.02) TG and CH-LDL (r = 0,61; p < 0.05) were found in CGN+NS patients. APTT was significantly shorter in patients showing SPA compared with those without and negative significant correlation between SPA and APTT was found. Platelet aggregation to inductors in CGN and CGN+NS patients was diminished compared with control group. Lack of second phase aggregation in response to aggregation inducers was observed in patients with SPA. Conclusions. 1. Platelet hyperaggregation play an important role in hypercoagulation state in CGN patients. 2. SPA in vitro was observed in majority of CGN+NS patients and in some without NS. 3. Pathomechanism of SPA is probably multifactorial (hypoalbuminemia, dyslipidemia, changes in concentration of coagulation parameters).
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PMID:[Evaluation of factors influencing platelet aggregation in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN)]. 875 9

Disturbances in serum lipids, hemostasis and platelet functions are frequent features in some kidney diseases and may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis with its complications. Recently, an attention has been paid on beneficial effects of fish oil on serum lipids and hemostasis, and proteinuria. The purpose of this work was to assess platelet functions, some hemostatic parameters and serum lipids in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis treated with Trienyl. The study was performed on 7 patients with glomerulonephritis, before, 3 and 6 months following fish oil treatment. A small and nonsignificant rise in cholesterol, HDL and LDL was found, whereas triglycerides level fell significantly following 3 and 6 months of therapy Fibrinogen concentration was lowered significantly 6 months following fish oil administration. Platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma remained unaltered during therapy, whereas platelet responses to ADP and arachidonic acid in the whole blood were inhibited after 6 months of the therapy. Unsaturated omega 3 fatty acids in Trienyl alter lipid metabolism, platelet/vessel wall interactions and proteinuria and therefore might be beneficial in therapy of glomerulonephritis, particularly in combination treatment.
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PMID:[Effect of treating glomerulonephritis with omega 3 fatty acids for selected parameters of hemostasis, blood platelet function and lipid metabolism]. 899 60

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent reports have shown that aortosclerosis is more frequently observed in HD patients than in healthy subjects. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) secreted by activated macrophages may be involved in the process of aortosclerosis in HD patients. To understand the mechanism behind the increased incidence of aortosclerosis in HD patients, we examined the relationships between serum M-CSF levels and aortic calcification index (ACI) estimated by CT scan. A significant increase in serum M-CSF concentrations was found in HD patients (3.8 +/- 0.2 ng/ml) as compared with controls (1.5 +/- 0.1 ng/ml). No significant differences were observed between chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetes mellitus groups of patients. We also found no significant differences between the groups using different membranes (triacetate 3.8 +/- 0.2 ng/ml vs. polysulfone 3.8 +/- 0.4 ng/ml). There was no correlation between serum M-CSF concentrations and clinical parameters such as age, duration of HD, blood pressure, serum concentrations of nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, Ca x P products, and intact parathyroid hormone. A positive correlation was observed between serum M-CSF levels and ACI in HD patients (r = 0.596, p < 0.01). These results suggest that M-CSF may be involved in the process of aortosclerosis in HD patients.
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PMID:Serum levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and aortic calcification in hemodialysis patients. 1179 63


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