Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vitamin E has failed to protect humans from cardiovascular disease outcome, yet its role in experimental atherosclerosis remains less clear. A previous study (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:13830-13834; 2000) showed that vitamin E deficiency caused by disruption of the alpha-tocopherol transfer protein gene (Ttpa) is associated with a modest increase in atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E gene deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice. Here we confirm this finding and report that in Apoe(-/-)Ttpa(-/-) mice dietary alpha-tocopherol (alphaT) supplements restored circulating and aortic levels of alphaT, and decreased atherosclerosis in the aortic root to a level comparable to that seen in Apoe(-/-) mice. However, such dietary supplements did not decrease disease in Apoe(-/-) mice, whereas dietary supplements with a synthetic vitamin E analog (BO-653), either alone or in combination with alphaT, decreased atherosclerosis in Apoe(-/-) and in Apoe(-/-)Ttpa(-/-) mice. Differences in atherosclerosis were not associated with changes in the arterial concentrations of F(2)-isoprostanes and cholesterylester hydro(pero)xides, nor were they reflected in the resistance of plasma lipids to ex vivo oxidation. These results show that vitamin E at best has a modest effect on experimental atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice, and only in situations of severe vitamin E deficiency and independent of lipid oxidation in the vessel wall.
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PMID:Protective effect of vitamin E supplements on experimental atherosclerosis is modest and depends on preexisting vitamin E deficiency. 1689 92

Vitamin E is the most important chain-breaking, lipid-soluble antioxidant present in body tissues of all cells and is considered the first line of defense against lipid peroxidation and it is important for normal function of the immune cells. However, vitamin E deficiency is rare in well-nourished healthy subjects and is not a problem, even among people living on relatively poor diets, both T- and B-cell functions are impaired by vitamin E deficiency. While immune cells are particularly enriched in vitamin E because of their high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, this point puts them at especially high risk for oxidative damage. Besides its immunomodulatory effects, vitamin E also plays an important role in carcinogenesis with its antioxidant properties against cancer, and ischemic heart disease with limiting the progression of atherosclerosis. Supplementation of vitamin E significantly enhances both cell mediated and humoral immune functions in humans, especially in the elderly and animals.
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PMID:Vitamin E and immunity. 2141 72

Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble component in the cell antioxidant defence system and is exclusively obtained from the diet. It has numerous important roles within the body because of its antioxidant activity. Oxidation has been linked to numerous possible conditions and diseases, including cancer, ageing, arthritis and cataracts; vitamin E has been shown to be effective against these. Platelet hyperaggregation, which can lead to atherosclerosis, may also be prevented by vitamin E; additionally, it also helps to reduce the production of prostaglandins such as thromboxane, which cause platelet clumping. The current literature review discusses the functions and roles of vitamin E in human health and some diseases as well as the consequences of vitamin E deficiency. The main focus of the review is on the tocopherol class of the vitamers.
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PMID:The role of vitamin e in human health and some diseases. 2479 Jul 36


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