Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

20 patients with subclavian artery occlusion were treated by extra-anatomical bypass from 1989 to 1996. There were 9 men and 11 women, aged from 20 to 63 years with a duration of 1 month to 18 years. The main causes of illness were Takayasu's arteritis and atherosclerosis. Symptoms of upper extremity ischemia were present in 17 patients and vertebrobasilar insufficiency in 11. Carotid-subclavian/axillary bypass and axilloaxillary bypass were performed on 17 and 3 patients respectively. There were no operative deaths. Relief of symptomes was achieved in all the patients except one who had reocclusion of bypass graft due to rather poor outflow vessel. We stressed the surgiacal technique of extra-anatomical bypass in the treatment of subclavian artery occlusion. With few postoperative complications and high patency rate, we consider extra-anatomical bypass a safe, simple, well-tolerated and durable procedure for the treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease in high-risk patients.
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PMID:[Extra-anatomical bypass for subclavian artery occlusion]. 1067 70

Ischemic cerebrovascular diseases are commonly induced by atherosclerosis and cardiogenic embolization but rarely they occur in association with Takayasu's arteritis and aortic lesion such as aortic dissection and aneurysm. Here we experienced two cases of acute aortic disease complicated by ischemic cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Patient 1 was a 77-year-old male. He complained of dyspnea and left hemiparesis. He was brought to our hospital by ambulance. Left hemiparesis and dyspnea improved soon. The patient only complained of left lower extremity pain and physical examination revealed hypotension. Brain CT showed no abnormality but chest CT revealed aortic dissection. The resection of the intimal tear and replacement of ascending aorta and aortic arch with 28 mm Hemashield graft were performed under hypothermia and selective cerebral perfusion. The postoperative course was uneventful and he has been doing well. Patient 2 was a 67-year-old female. She was found lying unconscious and brought to our hospital by ambulance. Physical examination revealed right hemiparesis and hypotension. Brain CT demonstrated low density area in the left corona radiata and ruptured aortic aneurysm was seen in abdominal CT. Just after the examination, the patient suddenly complained of severe back pain and died despite cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Aortic lesions can manifest ischemic symptom involving multiple organs following their vascular disorder. Aortic dissection rarely occurs in association with ischemic CVD and in that case it is likely to be seen by neurologists. Aortic dissection and aneurysm deteriorate so suddenly that immediate diagnosis and proper treatment are needed.
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PMID:[Two cases of acute aortic disease complicated by ischemic cerebrovascular disease]. 1076 48

Takayasu arteritis is a chronic vasculitis, mainly involving the aorta and its main branches as well as the coronary and pulmonary arteries, causing stenosis and/or obstruction due to thrombus formation or dilatation due to aneurysmal formation and/or rupture of the involved arteries. These characteristic anomalies resulted from ischemia of retinal arteries due to the obstruction of cervical vessels. In Western countries this disease is also known as "pulseless disease," because the pulse is frequently absent due to the obstruction of subclavian or branchial arteries. The pathogenesis of this morbid condition is still unknown. Epidemiologically, it is found mostly in female patients and is more prevalent in Asian and Latin American countries. Affected areas consist of a mixture of both active, productive inflammatory lesions, and old fibrous lesions. Autoimmune processes stimulated by viral infection and other unknown causative factors may play an important role under these pathophysiological conditions because HLA analysis revealed a statistically significant high frequency of haplotype A24-B52-DR2 in these patients in Japan. Documentation of atherosclerotic complications in young female patients with Takayasu arteritis who are generally free from traditional atherosclerosis risk factors may be clinical evidence that inflammation is indeed an important risk factor in atherogenesis.
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PMID:Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in Takayasu arteritis. 1086 26

Extracranial carotid and vertebral arterial disease is most often attributable to underlying atherosclerosis. However, several other diseases may mimic atherosclerosis clinically. These include Takayasu's arteritis, giant cell arteritis, fibromuscular dysplasia, dissections, and aneurysms. It is important to recognize distinguishing characteristics of each condition to determine the appropriate course of treatment and long-term prognosis.
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PMID:Nonatherosclerotic arterial disease of the extracranial cerebrovasculature. 1087 56

Takayasu arteritis, Buerger's diseases, temporal arteritis, vascular Behcet disease and inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm are classified in Japan as intractable vasculitides involving mainly large vessels, because their etiologies are not yet elucidated and, therefore, treatments for them were not yet established. Recent experimental and vascular biological studies, however, have focussed on the roles of virus infection in vasa vasorum (vasa vasoritis) and on the subsequent inflammatory vascular changes through HLA and/or other autoimmune mechanisms. Several studies including ours have demonstrated that these vascular inflammatory changes progress from the adventitial side to the intimal side of the vessel, finally complicating atherosclerotic changes in the intima. These vascular inflammatory changes are also recognized during progression of atherosclerosis and these observations strongly suggest that inflammation is a serious risk factor of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Vasa vasoritis, vasculitis and atherosclerosis. 1098 Mar 30

The Congress covered the broad field of rheumatology, with participants from China, the Asia Pacific League of Associations of Rheumatology (APLAR) region and the rest of the world. The programme consisted of a mix of plenary lectures, concurrent symposia, workshops, free paper sessions and poster presentations. Basic sciences were well represented, with the general theme of inflammatory cytokines being of particular interest. One plenary lecture and a number of other presentations addressed the problem of atherosclerosis and rheumatic diseases. Diseases prominent in the region, such as Behcet's disease and Takayasu's disease, were represented with large series. Other areas of interest were musculoskeletal infections in HIV-positive patients and the management of spondyloarthritis. Although the use of the most recently developed drugs is restricted in the APLAR region because of cost factors, there were symposia on the latest pharmacological advances such as COX-2 technology, leflunomide and anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy.
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PMID:Ninth Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) Congress, Beijing, China, 21-26 May, 2000. 1121 93

Carotid angioplasty and stenting is increasingly becoming a safe and efficacious modality of treatment in the management of carotid artery stenosis. Although atherosclerosis is the predominant cause of this morbid disease, Takayasu arteritis assumes special importance in south east Asia. The diffuse nature of this disease with associated inflammation and scarring of the vessel make revascularisation difficult. We report a case of Takayasu arteritis in which a successful bilateral common carotid stenting was done in a single sitting.
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PMID:Single stage bilateral common carotid artery stenting in a patient of Takayasu arteritis. 1130 51

The excess of cardiovascular morbidity associated with chronic vasculitic disease has become a focus of considerable research, particularly regarding the link between endothelial damage and the development of atherosclerosis. We describe a case of Takayasu arteritis treated sub-optimally by today's standards, giving rise to an 11 year history of progressive, stepwise decline associated with cerebrovascular events and leading to early death. Postmortem findings presented a picture of chronic atherosclerotic disease but in a distribution consistent with lesions of Takayasu arteritis.
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PMID:Takayasu arteritis and atherosclerosis: illustrating the consequences of endothelial damage. 1176 30

Takayasu's disease affects young females in the second and third decade of life. During the chronic phase, the aorta and its major arteries become stenotic, causing significant sequelae. Surgical treatment is possible with expectation of good results. The author advises treatment of stenotic arteries that are potentially dangerous or that adversely affect lifestyle with either percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or surgery. The author emphasizes the difference between surgical procedures for atherosclerosis versus a procedure for Takayasu's disease.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of Takayasu's disease. 1208 55

Aortic stenosis, or narrowing of the aortic lumen, has many causes. It may originate in coarctation or pseudocoarctation of the aorta, midaortic dysplastic syndrome, atherosclerosis, Takayasu arteritis, aortic dissection, or various intraaortic and periaortic diseases or as a result of aortic surgical repair. The impedance of blood flow through the stenotic segment may lead to the development of various collateral arterial pathways, according to the location of stenosis. Aortography is the standard technique for evaluating aortic stenosis; however, helical computed tomography (CT), particularly multisection CT, may provide additional information or in some cases may be used instead of arteriography. Multisection CT can depict the aorta and thoracoabdominal collateral pathways in less than 1 minute and provide high-quality arterial-phase imaging data suitable for multiple two-dimensional and three-dimensional reformations. To produce a useful differential diagnosis, the imaging specialist must be able to recognize the type of stenosis and the configuration of collateral circulatory pathways.
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PMID:Aortic stenosis: spectrum of diseases depicted at multisection CT. 1455 4


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