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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vascularization of the arms has been studied by impedance plethysmography (rheography) in eight children with Poland syndrome, a common malformation characterized by unilateral hand anomaly and ipsilateral aplasia of the inferior head of the pectoralis major muscle. A marked decrease of the velocity of the systolic increase in the arterial volume (Velm) was shown in the affected arms, and the difference between the two arms was significantly higher in the patients than in a control group (P less than 0.02). These results, which are also observed in stenotic atherosclerosis, support the hypothesis of hypoplasia of the ipsilateral subclavian artery as the origin of the malformation, although a local anomaly in arterial-wall viscosity cannot be ruled out. The opacification of the aortic arch in another patient confirmed this hypothesis. Aortography in further patients will be necessary to substantiate our results. However, this technique is not without danger and should only be used during the first months of life when a vascular operation can be envisaged.
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PMID:Vascular origin of Poland syndrome? A comparative rheographic study of the vascularisation of the arms in eight patients. 20 50

Diet is probably correlated with the prevalence of atherosclerosis in the more prosperous countries of the world. Attempts to discover the responsible items of diet would be facilitated if systematic, statistical comparisons were made between the diets in some high and low risk areas. A particular area which might lend itself for this survey is the block of five countries consisting of Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania. The first three of these constitute a high risk area, with mortality from ischemic heart disease of the order of 250 per year per 100,000 population, the last two a low risk area with mortality of the order of 75. Many relevant conditions, like standard of living, expectation of life, climate, etc. are reasonably similar in the five countries. Items of diet, the consumption of which is consistently higher in the high risk than in the low risk countries could constitute a short list of suspected atherogens.
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PMID:Diet and atherogenesis. 52 92

Data from two epidemiological studies are used to measure the degree to which two well-known guidelines agree in measuring hyperlipidemia in population samples in the US and Poland. The epidemiological studies are the US Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study and the Pol-MONICA project in Poland and the guidelines are those adopted by the US National Cholesterol Program (USNCEP) and by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). EAS guidelines were analyzed in two ways: Method 1 used triglycerides and total cholesterol only in classifying persons as hyperlipidemics or non-hyperlipidemics; Method 2 used triglycerides, total cholesterol and nine additional risk factors in the classification process. USNCEP guidelines used total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and the same additional nine risk factors used in EAS Method 2 in classifying hyperlipidemics. Classification differences between the two sets of guidelines were high when EAS Method 1 guidelines were compared with USNCEP guidelines. However, EAS Method 2 which included risk factors, compared favorably with USNCEP guidelines in all three populations under study.
Atherosclerosis 1992 Jul
PMID:Poland-US collaborative study on cardiovascular epidemiology: classification agreement between US National Cholesterol Education Program and European Atherosclerosis Society hyperlipidemia guidelines in selected Polish and US populations. 164 91

We studied male/female differences in serum lipids in randomly selected 38-year-old men (n = 337) and women (n = 342) from various cities in The Netherlands, Sweden, Italy, and Poland. Overall, men had higher triglycerides and total cholesterol levels and lower HDL-levels compared to women (P less than 0.001). Adjustment for smoking habits, city, and body mass index did not remove the gender difference. Further adjustments for waist circumference alone and waist/hip and waist/thigh circumference ratio removed the gender differences in serum triglycerides and total cholesterol. Only adjustment for waist/thigh ratio removed the gender difference in HDL-cholesterol but linear relationships were different in men and women. The average male/female difference in serum lipids, particularly for total and LDL-cholesterol varied considerably among centers. In analyses of the data from the separate centers we found that sex differences in serum triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol in all 4 centers disappeared when adjusted for waist circumference alone and for waist/hip and waist/thigh ratio. For total and LDL-cholesterol, however, adjustment for circumference ratios tended to increase the male/female difference in 2 of the 4 centers. It is concluded that, in European men and women, fat distribution may be responsible for male/female differences in serum triglycerides but that such conclusions are less clear for HDL-, total- and LDL-cholesterol.
Atherosclerosis 1991 Apr
PMID:Fat distribution and gender differences in serum lipids in men and women from four European communities. 185 66

Mortality among workers of the rubber industry was assessed following the observation of the cohort comprised of 6,978 male workers who had started their employment in the plant producing rubber footwear during the years 1945-1973, and worked for, at least, three months. The condition of the cohort was assessed for December 31, 1990. Standardised mortality rate (SMR) was used as a measurement tool and it was calculated by means of the man-year method. The general population of Poland was taken as the reference population. General mortality in the cohort was significantly higher than in the reference population (2020 death, SMR = 110). Significant excess mortality due to atherosclerosis (205 deaths, SMR = 135) and cirrhosis of the liver (48 deaths, SMR = 170) was also noted. Total number of deaths due to malignant neoplasms-421-was slightly higher than expected. Significant excess of the bladder cancer (13 deaths, SMR = 357), the larynx cancer (23 deaths, SMR = 180) and the lung cancer (148 deaths, SMR = 122) was revealed. Significantly increased risk of the large intestine cancer (15 deaths, SMR = 242) was observed in the subcohort of workers employed in direct production departments.
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PMID:[Mortality among workers of the rubber industry. III. Results of further observation of the male cohort]. 747 45

In the paper the authors synthetically discuss the aetiology and pathogenesis and point to the possibilities of prevention of one of the most important groups of diseases developing as the result of faulty nutrition--circulatory system diseases. In the first part the epidemiology is discussed of the system's diseases--ischaemic heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases--stressing the extent of the health problem caused by them--over 50% of deaths each year are due to these diseases. Then, the main cause is discussed of the development of cardiovascular system diseases, that is atherosclerosis. The risk factors are characterized in which nutrition plays an essential role - blood level of cholesterol, its content in low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoproteins, triglyceride level, content of saturated fatty acids in diet. Nutritional preventive factors are briefly described--mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, cellulose. The beneficial effect of increased fish consumption is stressed. The last part deals with arterial hypertension as the disease of the vascular system and as the risk factor of ischaemic heart disease. The attention is paid to the necessity of changes in nutrition mode--increase of the supply of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with predominance of the former, decrease of the supply of saturated fatty acids, salt, ensuring of adequate supply of antioxidant vitamins and cellulose. In the paper it is stressed that the modern state of knowledge, used in practice may significantly decrease in Poland, through nutrition, the epidemic of circulatory system diseases similarly as it has been done in other countries.
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PMID:[The role of nutrition in the development of circulatory system diseases]. 748 27

A mortality study was carried out among workers employed in a plant producing different kinds of dyes using benzidine. The cohort comprised 8,523 males and 2,006 females whose vital status was recorded between Jan 1, 1945 and Dec 31, 1991. They had worked in this plant for, at least, 3 months between Jan 1, 1945 and Dec 31, 1974. The cohort was divided into 4 subcohorts: I. those exposed only to benzidine; II. those exposed to benzidine and to other occupational hazards; III. those involved directly in the dyes production but not exposed to benzidine, and IV. those not involved directly in the dye production-mainly administrative staff. Death risk was estimated on the basis of standardized mortality ratio (SMR), determined by means of the person-years method. The general population of Poland was taken as a reference group. The observed number of deaths in the cohort and each subcohort was compared with expected deaths. The comparison was based on the national rates by adjustment for age, gender and calendar time. An excessive mortality due to mental disorders (SMR = 2.37) was found in the male cohort, and due to atherosclerosis in both cohorts--male (SMR = 1.25) and female (SMR = 1.37). An analysis of mortality in subcohorts showed similar but not the same relationship. Mortality because of malignant neoplasms will be presented in the next paper.
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PMID:[Mortality of workers in the dye industry. I. Analysis of general mortality]. 855 51

The platelet factor 4 (PF4) mobilisation properties of low molecular weight heparin (Fraxiparine, Sanofi Winthrop, France) in young survivors of myocardial infarction (YSMI) and healthy volunteers have been investigated. The study group consisted of 42 YSMI less than 44 years old, all of them with angiographically proven occlusive coronary artery disease, studied 6 to 24 months after the acute event. The control group was composed of 30 healthy men of similar age. Subjects from the study and control groups were allocated to the following subgroups: those receiving 60 or 120 IU/kg b.w. of standard heparin (Polfa Kutno, Poland) and those receiving 60, 120 or 180 IC anti-Xa U/kg b.w. of low molecular weight heparin (Fraxiparine, Sanofi Winthrop, France) as a single intravenous injection. Additionally, in five YSMI patients the influence of prolonged aspirin administration (0.3g daily for more than 30 days) on the Fraxiparine mobilsable pool of PF4 and beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) concentration in the plasma was determined after injection of 180 IC anti-Xa U/kg b.w. of the drug. The PF 4 and beta-TG concentration in the plasma was evaluated using enzyme immunoassay methods before heparin or Fraxiparine intravenous injection and 2, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 min after. In both, the control and YSMI groups baseline PF4 levels were found to be normal. Moreover, similar marked dose-dependent increases of PF4 concentration in the plasma measured after 60 and 120 IU/kg b.w. of heparin as well as after 60 and 120 IC anti-Xa U/kg b.w. of Fraxiparine was found. The administration of 120 IU/kg b.w. of heparin resulted in a reduced rise in plasma PF 4 in YSMI as compared to healthy controls. The same phenomenon was observed when 180 IC anti-Xa U/kg b. w. of Fraxiparine was injected intravenously. In YSMI treatment with aspirin had no influence on the Fraxiparine mobilisable pool of PF 4 or the beta-TG concentration in the plasma. These results suggest that mobilisable pool of platelet factor 4 in young survivors of myocardial infarction derives from the "nonplatelet pool" and that reduction of heparin- or Fraxiparine-releasable pool of PF4 may reflect an impaired endothelium function, probably due to atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Low molecular weight heparin and the heparin mobilisable pool of platelet factor 4 are reduced in young survivors of myocardial infarction. 886 11

A mortality cohort study was carried out on 11,224 men with pneumoconiosis diagnosed during the period 1970-1985. The cohort was selected from among subjects entered into the National Register of Occupational Diseases and included 7,065 coal miners, 924 employees of underground work enterprises, 1,796 workers of the metallurgical industry and iron and nonferrous foundries, as well as 1,439 refractory materials, china, ceramics, and quarry workers. The cohort was traced up to the end of 1991. The mortality of all groups enrolled in the study, as compared with that of general male population of Poland, showed a statistically significant excess of overall mortality (SMRs ranging from 105; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 100-110 to 136; CI: 121-153) as well as a great excess of deaths from diseases of the respiratory system (SMRs from 383; 95% CI: 345-424 to 588; 95% CI: 457-744). In workers of the metallurgical industry, foundries, and those from refractory materials, china, and ceramics manufacturing plants as well as quarries, a statistically significant excess of deaths from infectious diseases (mostly tuberculosis) was found (SMRs: 503; 95% CI: 364-677 and 286; 95% CI: 177-437, respectively). Mortality from lung cancer was significantly elevated only in the group of metallurgical industry and iron and nonferrous foundry workers (SMR: 159; 95% CI: 124-201). In the remaining subcohorts, no significant excess of deaths from lung cancer was noted. The study does not support the hypothesis on the role of exposure to crystalline silica in the induction of lung cancer. Significantly lower mortality was seen for diseases of the circulatory system (SMR: 89; 95% CI: 82-96), hypertensive disease (SMR: 63; 95% CI: 38-98), cerebrovascular disease (SMR: 79; 95% CI: 62-99), atherosclerosis (SMR: 79; 95% CI: 66-93), and injuries and poisonings (SMR: 50; 95% CI: 38-64) in coal miners. In addition, lower mortality was noted for cerebrovascular disease (SMR: 56; 95% CI: 32-91) and injuries and poisonings (SMR: 34; 95% CI: 17-61) in metallurgical industry and iron and nonferrous foundry workers.
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PMID:Mortality among different occupational groups of workers with pneumoconiosis: results from a register-based cohort study. 891 18

A mortality cohort study was carried out on 7,065 coal miners with pneumoconiosis first diagnosed during the years of 1970-85. The cohort was selected from among subjects entered into the National Register of Occupational Diseases and followed up through to the end of 1991. The general male population of Poland was considered as a reference group. The PYRS-3 programme was used to identify, by means of standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), total and selected cause-specific mortality. An analysis revealed significantly elevated total mortality (SMR = 105; 95% confidence interval (CI): 100-110) in the whole cohort of coal miners. The risk of selected cause-specific mortality was significantly enhanced due to diseases of the respiratory system among which pneumoconiosis predominated (SMR = 383; 95% CI: 345-424). While mortality from all diseases of the circulatory system (SmR = 89; CI: 82-96), arterial hypertension (SMR = 63; 95% CI: 38-98), cerebrovascular diseases (SMR = 79; 95% CI: 62-99), atherosclerosis (SMR = 79; 95% CI: 66-93), and injury in poisoning (SMR = 50; 95% CI: 38-64) was significantly lower. The risk of death from malignant neoplasm of lung in the whole study population as well as in individual groups and categories of coal miners with pneumoconiosis, which varied in the risk of pneumoconiosis and the level of exposure to ionizing radiation, was not increased.
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PMID:Mortality among coal miners with pneumoconiosis in Poland. 911 87


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