Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an ongoing study 558 consecutive survivors of myocardial infarction below 70 years, mean age 59 years, were randomly allocated 4 months after the acute episode into a control group or a chemotherapy group from December 1972 to April 1976. Both groups were given moderate advice about diet and the chemotherapy group was prescribed clofibrate, 1 g twice daily, and nicotinic acid 1 g three times daily. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were lowered around 15-20% and 30% respectively in the chemotherapy group while only insignificant reductions were observed in the control group. Until December 1976 total mortality and mortality from IHD has been the same in the two groups. The number of non-fatal myocardial infarctions has been 38 in the control and 19 in the chemotherapy group, a statistically significant reduction (P less than 0.01).
Atherosclerosis 1977 Sep
PMID:Reduction of myocardial reinfarction by the combined treatment with clofibrate and nicotinic acid. 91 71

This study addresses to critical issues related to the role of anxiety in myocardial infarct. Is the predictive value of the Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (ASQ) to be found in content of items and its self-rating by the subject or in response style to the questionnaire? Would anxiety play in certain circumstances a positive role in that it drives the individual to seek early medical treatment? Differences in anxiety scores, response style indices and factorial structures of the ASQ items reveal : 1. myocardial infarction subjects have higher, but not significantly higher, anxiety scores relative to healthy volunteers to an atherosclerosis screening test and healthy control individuals matched for age, sex and socio-economic status, 2. healthy volunteers are characterized by extreme response style that could reveal their involvement in the testing situation; 3. control individuals show a tendency to intermediate response; 4. the lack of invariance of factorial structure across the three groups suggests that each of them has a specific organization of anxiety. Scale-checking style, though strongly associated with the content of items, could have a predictive value since, anxiety levels being equal, subjects may be differently involved in their answers. The assumption is supported by the specific organization of anxiety evidenced in each group considered. A relation between such organization and preventive behaviour is not infirmed by the present data and ought to be further analyzed.
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PMID:[Anxiety self-rating and myocardial infarction (author's transl)]. 92 Feb 22

1. Visual inspection and computer measurement of angiograms are highly correlated with direct examination of atherosclerosis in a specified vessel segment. 2. Computer assessment of an angiogram is highly correlated with cholesterol content of atherosclerosis in a specified vessel segment. 3. Serial change in human atherosclerosis can be measured by angiography. 4. Approximately 50% of men with premature atherosclerosis manifest by myocardial infarction between ages 40 and 49 will show progression in femoral atherosclerosis in one year. An equal number will have lesions which are apparently stable or show regression. 5. Small scale clinical trials employing atheroma regression/progression assessment by angiography are feasible.
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PMID:Studies of regression/progression of atherosclerosis in man. 92 Apr 2

A 44-year-old trained marathon runner collapsed after completing 24 miles of the 1973 Boston Marathon. He was resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation. Death occurred after 50 days of coma. Extensive transmural anterior myocardial infarction was documented on electrocardiogram and proved at autopsy, yet the coronary arteries were free of significant atherosclerosis. We believe this report to be the first documentation of a myocardial infarction in a trained athlete while participating in a marathon. We emphasize that the relation between exertion and infarction is unknown. Advocates of long distance running for prevention of, or rehabilitation from, ischemic heart disease should be aware of this possible complication.
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PMID:Fatal myocardial infarction in marathon racing. 93 83

This study of 24 women under age 40 years with myocardial infarction demonstrates that even in young women myocardial infarction is most commonly due to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Other causes of coronary occlusion were documented in 17% of these patients, indicating that these lesser causes of myocardial infarction are more common in young women than in older persons or in young men. In those patients with coronary atherosclerosis one or more significant risk factors could usually, but not always, be documented. The clinical manifestation of the coronary occlusion in the study group was not unlike its manifestation in groups of different ages or sex, or both.
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PMID:Myocardial infarction in young women. 96 5

The incidence of ischaemic diseases in familial hypercholesterolaemia and xanthomatosis (familial Type II) was studied in a group of 158 men and 116 women. (1) Men and women did not differ with regard to the inherited metabolic disease. Levels of serum cholesterol, the marker of the genetic defect, were not statistically different, and cholesterol deposition in tissues, visualized by skin tendon xanthomas, was not sex related. (2) Men and women were different with regard to ischaemic diseases. The incidence was much lower in women, and the mean age of onset 9 years later. Moreover, there was a sex difference in the nature of the ischaemic disease, with a high male predominance of myocardial infarction. (3) Since the major risk factor hypercholesterolaemia could not explain such a difference, the role of other risk factors was investigated. It was shown that the incidence of ischaemic diseases was increased in women by cigarette smoking and hypertension, and that the difference in age of onset between males and females was no longer seen in smoking women. It is suggested that the genetic factor is responsible for the atherosclerotic lesion in both sexes and that other factors playing a role in ischaemic complications including tobacco and hypertension may explain the difference between men and women.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Sep
PMID:Ischaemic disease in men and women with familial hypercholesterolaemia and xanthomatosis. A comparative study of genetic and environmental factors in 274 heterozygous cases. 97 46

It is believed that diabetic patients with clinical evidence of diabetic capillaropathy have a greater risk of myocardial infarction than those with the same duration of disease but no evidence of capillaropathy. If the hypothesis presented here is correct, then early attention to diet, perhaps as a means of slowing the rate of atherosclerosis, will be as important as insulin in reducing current mortality statistics.
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PMID:The relationship between diabetic capillaropathy and myocardial infarction: a hypothesis. 97 96

In a study attempting to improve coronary risk status, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured before and during treatment of 74 patients with mild primary hypertension. In 35 patients there was a satisfactory reduction in elevated blood pressure levels with diet therapy alone. In the remaining 39 patients a diuretic drug was required in addition to the diet. Diet therapy alone was followed by a decrease of 11 mg/100 ml in mean serum cholesterol (p less than 0.01 versus pretreatment value) and no change in serum triglyceride. The sue of diuretics was accompanied by an average increase of 11 mg/100 ml in serum cholesterol and of 34 mg/100 ml in serum triglyceride (p less than 0.01 versus pretreatment level for both). In a subgroup of 21 patients with greatest elevations in lipid levels during the administration of diuretics, little improvement in coronary risk status occurred because the increase in serum cholesterol balanced the decrease in systolic blood pressure, according to Framingham risk tables. If the level of serum lipids is a factor in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis then the observed effect of diuretic drugs to elevate serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels may explain, in part, the continuing high rate of occurrence of myocardial infarction during the treatment of hypertension.
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PMID:Elevation of serum lipid levels during diuretic therapy of hypertension. 98 73

Factors involved in the development of coronary atherosclerosis and the possible role of estrogens in its development are discussed. Risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis include hyperlipemia, hypertension, cigarette smoking, and diabetes. However, the incidence of heart disease and presence of risk factors are also related to heredity, geography, and socioeconomic conditions, and to diet, exercise, and emotional stress. Contrary to previous belief, high doses of estrogens aggravate the condition of men and menopausal women at risk of heart attack. Although estrogens do not markedly alter cholesterol levels, they do tend to elevate triglyceride levels and contribute to hyperlipemia. They are also associated with diabotegenic sequelae and hypertension. Pregnancy and estrogens increase blood clotting Factors VII and X, accelerate prothrombin time, shorten clotting time, and incre ase platelef aggregation. Further research into the role of estrogens in the development of atherosclerosis is recommended.
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PMID:Estrogens and atherosclerosis. 99 76

The relation between the length of the main left coronary artery and the degree of atherosclerosis in its branches was studied by postmortem examination in 204 subjects aged 20 to 90 years. The findings suggest that in cases with a short main left coronary artery the atherosclerotic lesions in the anterior descending and circumflex branches appear earlier, progress faster at higher levels of severity, and lead more frequently to myocardial infarction, than in cases with a long left coronary artery trunk. In cases over the age of 50 years, where disease is expected to have developed, it was shown that the degree of atherosclerosis in the left anterior descending and circumflex branches was inversely related to the length of the main left coronary artery. The correlation coefficients were -0-527 and -0-428, respectively, and in either case a test for zero correlations was significant (P less than 0-001). The possible changes in the haemodynamic and mechanical conditions associated with the variations of the anatomical pattern of the coronary arteries and their influence in the development of atherosclerosis are discussed. It is suggested that the length of the main left coronary artery is a congenital anatomical and possibly hereditary factor influencing the rate of development of atherosclerosis in the branches of the main left coronary artery.
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PMID:Short left coronary artery trunk as a risk factor in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Pathological study. 100 58


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