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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Transient ischaemic focal cerebral attacks (TIA's) are due to: 1) atherosclerosis when embolism may take place or perhaps transient occlusion of the internal carotid artery or mural or transiently occlusive thrombus of an intracranial artery stenosis or transient systemic hypotension. In recent years embolism may have been overdiagnosed; 2) cardiac embolism due to dysrythmias, myocardial infarction, endocarditis, valvular prosthesis, etc.; 3) miscellaneous causes, often difficult to demonstrate such as tortuosity of the extracranial cerebral arteries, dissecting aneurysms, changes in cerebrovascular resistance; 4) not unfrequently no cause is found, especially in young patients.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis of focal, transitory cerebral ischemic accidents]. 60 29

Smoking habits and random measurements of the proportion of haemoglobin bound to carbon monoxide (COHb%) were examined for their association with atherosclerotic diseases in 1068 men aged 55 to 74 years from rural areas of Finland. COHb% and smoking history were similarly associated with claudication and coronary heart disease. Random measurements of COHb% did not show a better overall relation to the prevalence of atherosclerotic diseases than smoking history, though COHb% showed a stronger association with a probable previous myocardial infarction. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of carbon monoxide in atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Smoking, carbon monoxide, and atherosclerotic diseases. 62 Mar 2

Although coronary artery embolism is a recognized entity, there is little morphologic information indicating it is a cause of myocardial infarction. We studied patients with coronary artery embolic infarcts, which comprised 13% of our autopsy-studied infarcts. Underlying diseases predisposing to coronary emboli included valvular heart disease (40%), myocardiopathy (29%), coronary atherosclerosis (16%), and chronic atrial fibrillation (24%). Mural thrombi were present in 18 (33%). Myocardial infaction, clinically diagnosed in 15 (27%) patients, caused death in 11 (20%). Most emboli involved the left coronary artery and lodged distally, causing infarcts that were usually transmural. Because of their distal location and recanalization, coronary emboli may be a cause of infarcts with angiographically normal coronaries. Thus, coronary emboli are not rare, may produce signs and symptoms indistinguishable from altherosclerotic coronary disease, and by lodging distally in coronary arteries that are usually previously normal, they most often cause small but transmural myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Coronary artery embolism and myocardial infarction. 62 43

Myocardial infarction remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in spite of the medical and surgical therapy currently available. Only the prevention of coronary atherosclerosis seems likely to modify this situation. Epidemiological studies have established hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and cigarette smoking, among others, as risk factors. Based on these findings, it was hypothesized that control of these factors might diminish the risk. This hypothesis has been tested in man repeatedly over the past twenty years. Except as regards cigarette smoking, the results of the studies are ambiguous. Before advising the general public on measures of prevention, more data on the etiology of atherosclerosis are needed.
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PMID:[Prevention of myocardial infarct?]. 64 71

The results of morphological investigations of relapsing myocardial infarction in 148 rabbits are presented. In most cases the relapses occurred spontaneously at intervals of several to 45 days after reproduction of the primary myocardial infarction by high ligation of the anterior interventricle artery of the heart. It was found that relapses of myocardial infarction could develop in animals normal before the experiment (I series), against the background of cholesterol atherosclerosis (II series), renal hypertension (III series) and particularly frequently in combinations of cholesterol atherosclerosis and renal hypertension (IV series) as well as after repeated delayed ligation of the anterior interventricle artery (V series). The relapses occurred early in primary infarction and in the period of its scarring. The regularities of mutual location of foci of primary infarction and relapses, the frequency and number of their occurrences, location and size were investigated.
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PMID:[Morphology and morphogenesis of recurrent experimental myocardial infarct]. 64 72

The presence of circulating immune complexes was studied in 347 samples of serum from 212 patients with various vascular diseases. Two quantitative methods (complement-consumption assay and C1q-solubility test) were used for the measurement of the concentration of the complexes. Immune complexes were detected in each group of patients tested (coronary arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cerebral artery sclerosis, arteriosclerosis obliterans, phlebothrombosis, pulmonary infarction). A high proportion of positivity was recorded in myocardial infarction (in 43 patients out of the 94 tested) and in arteriosclerosis obliterans (7 out of 11 cases). The possible pathogenic role of the circulating immune complexes is discussed.
Atherosclerosis 1978 Feb
PMID:Studies on the occurrence of circulating immune complexes in vascular diseases. 64 47

The autopsy reports of the Pathological Institute Erfurt of the period from 1.1.1951 until 31.12.1969 were scored for cases of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction and analysed concerning frequency and distribution of age and sex, resp. In 89.05 per cent (2131 cases) of all myocardial infarctions a coronary sclerosis was present. Males suffered significantly more frequent from these forms of ischaemic heart disease. During the period of nineteen years a significant increase of the coronary atherosclerosis in combination with a myocardial infarction was observed. This is due to the more frequent occurrence of severe forms. The increase of the frequency of the myocardial infarctions and of the weak and moderately coronary sclerosis particularly concerns the younger age groups. Callous infarcts were more frequent than fresh and relapsing ones.
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PMID:[Coronary atherosclerosis, coronary thrombosis and myocardial infarction in autopsy cases. 8th communication: Relationship of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction (author's transl)]. 65 18

Thirteen Black patients who had classic electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction supported by changes in serum enzymes were investigated by coronary arteriography. Ten of these had occlusive atherosclerosis and in none of these did the associated risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes appear to be operative, and most were manual laborers. Their mean serum cholesterol measurement was found to be 222 mg. per cent, a value which is found in 25 per cent of the urban Black population. In the remaining three patients, the coronary arteries were found to be angiographically normal and two of these were associated with the billowing mitral leaflet syndrome; it is postulated that their myocardial infarction was a result of coronary spasm, or a consequence of fibrin emboli emanating from the redundant mitral leaflets. Based on statistics from our major referring hospital, it is estimated that the prevalence rate from myocardial infarction among general admissions to a medical ward is less than 0.05 per cent, a figure lower than previously reported by clinico-electrocardiographic studies. It would appear that the prevalence of this disease has not increased over the last two decades and the immunity of the Black population is unexplained.
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PMID:Myocardial infarction in the black population of South Africa: coronary arteriographic findings. 65 82

An unusual case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a young child is reported with sudden death from myocardial infarction. The diagnosis of lupus erythematosus in this patient was made by renal biopsy at the age of 3 years. Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and aorta was found at autopsy with occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. It is suggested that the vascular changes in this case were related to hypertriglyceridemia and prolonged prednisone therapy superimposed on a hypersensitivity vasculitis related to SLE.
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PMID:Myocardial infarct in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus. 66 98

Male and female, arteriosclerotic and non-arteriosclerotic rats were treated with the anti-lipemic agent, clofibrate, for 8 days and then subjected to an acute myocardial infarction by injecting them with two large doses of isoproterenol spaced 24 hours apart. The animals were killed at sequential time intervals during the acute necrosis and early repair phases of myocardial infarction. Pre-treatment with clofibrate caused a definite improvement in survival, less shock and prostration, and ECG evidence of little or no ischemia. Increased SGOT levels, hepatic lipid and necrosis were indicative of advanced liver damage. Although clofibrate-treated animals showed little change in serum lipids during the acute cardiac necrosis phase, they were hyperglycemic and showed the greatest increase in BUN levels. Clofibrate-treated animals had higher serum corticosterone levels than those given isoproterenol alone. Despite superior survival rates, both the arteriosclerotic and non-arteriosclerotic, clofibrate-treated animals exhibited equally severe histopathologic evidence of myocardial damage. It is suggested that the protective effect of prophylactic treatment with clofibrate against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats may be due to its ability to change corticosterone levels in the circulation.
Atherosclerosis 1978 Mar
PMID:Protective effects of clofibrate on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in arteriosclerotic and non-arteriosclerotic rats. 66 86


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