Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is difficult to study the regulation and interactions of the connective tissue macromolecules in vivo. However, studies of genetically determined diseases of the connective tissues have yielded a large amount of new information in these areas. Specific molecular defects can then be correlated with the functional and pathological changes in the tissues. We have concentrated on this approach which takes advantage of the large number of families with genetic diseases who come to our Hospital from all parts of Australasia and also takes advantage of developments in molecular biology in our Unit which were initiated with a RACS John Mitchell Crouch Fellowship. In addition to these studies on naturally occurring mutations we are also studying specific mutations that we are able to produce in specific regions of the collagen molecule. Another approach takes advantage of a unique model culture system developed in our Unit. These studies will be supplemented by various collaborative projects such as current ones involving smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis, bone cells metabolism and myelofibrosis in leukaemia.
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PMID:Regulation and organization of connective tissues. 307 87

Leo Buerger, MD, was the first to describe dependent rubor associated with marked atherosclerosis. Historically, dependent rubor has been described as erythromelalgia (or erythromelia), and terms such as chronic rubor, reactionary rubor, induced rubor, and hyperemic response have also been used to describe this sign associated with peripheral vascular disease. This brief review will reacquaint physicians with the Buerger test, which is used to assess arterial sufficiency, as well as erythromelalgia, and the proposed mechanisms responsible for erythromelalgia. The Buerger test is an important consideration when examining patients for erythromelalgia, which remains distinct from erythema associated with skin and soft-tissue infections.
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PMID:Buerger Test for Erythromelalgia Revisited. 2813 54

In the first part of this review, we summarize basic mitochondrial bioenergetics concepts showing that mitochondria are critical regulators of cell life and death. Until a few decades ago, mitochondria were considered to play essential roles only in respiration, ATP formation, non-shivering thermogenesis and a variety of metabolic pathways. However, the concept presented by Peter Mitchell regarding coupling between electron flow and ATP synthesis through the intermediary of a H+ electrochemical potential leads to the recognition that the proton-motive force also regulates a series of relevant cell signalling processes, such as superoxide generation, redox balance and Ca2+ handling. Alterations in these processes lead to cell death and disease states. In the second part of this review, we discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunctions in the specific context of hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis. We provide a literature analysis that indicates a decisive role of mitochondrial redox dysfunction in the development of atherosclerosis and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we highlight the potential mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic strategies that are relevant for atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox dysfunctions in hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. 3188 67