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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atherosclerosis, a progressive inflammatory disease, may lead to stroke, coronary artery disease, or peripheral artery disease. The prevalence of atherosclerosis associated with morbidity and mortality is very high in industrialized countries. This report describes the case of a 49-year-old male patient whose panoramic radiograph taken as part of a dental examination showed calcification in the branches of the external carotid artery. The right facial artery and left maxillary, facial, and lingual arteries were also calcified. The patient had a history of thrombosis in the right axillary and brachial veins with extension to half of the brachiocephalic trunk. In addition, selective lesions were found in the aorta and mitral valve. The patient's medical history also included hypertriglyceridemia, essential arterial hypertonia, terminal renal insufficiency, renal anemia, neurogen disturbance micturition, secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperuricemia, lymphatic edema, polyneuropathy, tachyarrhythmia absoluta, and erysipelas. The case presented reports on the possibility of detecting signs of atherosclerosis in arteries of the maxillofacial region by use of panoramic radiography.
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PMID:Calcification of the branches of the external carotid artery detected by panoramic radiography: a case report. 1242 61

Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe, life-threatening soft tissue infection that results in rapid and progressive destruction of the superficial fascia and subcutaneous tissue. Because of its varied clinical presentation and bacteriological make-up, it has been labelled with many other names such as acute streptococcal gangrene, gangrenous erysipelas, necrotizing erysipelas, hospital gangrene, and acute dermal gangrene. Although described by Hippocrates and Galen, it has received increasing attention in obstetrical and gynecological literature only within the last 20 years. This review includes two recent cases successfully managed at Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, Texas. The first patient was a 50 year old, morbidly obese, diabetic woman who presented with a small, painful lesion on the vulva. After failing triple antibiotic therapy with ampicillin, clindamycin, and gentamicin, the diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis of the vulva was made, and she was taken to the operating room for extensive excision. She was discharged home on hospital day 29. The second patient was a 65 year old, obese, diabetic woman with risk factors for atherosclerosis who had a wound separation after an abdominal hysterectomy. Two days later a loss of resistance to probing was noted in the subcutaneous tissue. Necrotizing fasciitis was suspected, and she was taken to the operating room for resection. The patient was discharged home on hospital day 27. The mortality rate after diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis has been reported to be 30% to 60%. We review the literature and outline the guidelines used in a large Ob/Gyn teaching hospital to minimize the adverse outcome. Lectures on soft-tissue infections are included on a regular basis. The high-risk factors of age over 50, diabetes, and atherosclerosis are emphasized. The need for early diagnosis and surgical treatment within 48 hours is stressed, and any suspicious lesions or wound complications are reported to experienced senior house officers and staff. We use two recent cases to highlight the diagnostic clues and management strategies for this often fatal polymicrobial infection.
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PMID:Necrotizing fasciitis: a review of management guidelines in a large obstetrics and gynecology teaching hospital. 1847

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease that is the most common of a rare group of disorders collectively termed familial hereditary periodic fever syndromes, also known as autoinflammatory syndromes. FMF is predominantly affecting people of Mediterranean descent and clinically characterized by intermittent attacks of fever with peritonitis and abdominal pain, pleuritis, arthritis, or erysipelas-like rashes. Amyloidosis due to chronic inflammation progressing to renal failure is one of the most serious potential complications of this disease.Patients with inflammatory diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, and conditions with chronic subclinical inflammation, like obesity and diabetes mellitus, are now considered to have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications. FMF is also an inflammatory disease, and it is accepted that even during attack-free periods significant inflammatory reaction continues. However, whether this inflammatory process causes premature atherosclerosis is not known due to a lack of data.Different studies have investigated the association between the fibrinolytic and inflammatory process parameters. PAI-1 is paracrine secretion of pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines, thereby playing a possible role in the adiposity-related inflammation and atherosclerosis. The patients with IRS have higher values of fibrinogen, factor VII, VIII, Von Willebrand factor and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI) compared to control subjects. So that we aimed in this study to investigate whether FMF patients with/without amyloidosis and with M694V homozygote mutation, have increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications and to determine the strength of association between MEFV gene-mutation types. To our knowledge, this is the first case control and cross-sectional study in the pediatric age groups.
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PMID:The effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 -675 4G/5G polymorphism on familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) disease. 1903 64