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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Coronary arteriography was performed in 46 patients with type-II and type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. Type-II patients had a high prevalence of main left coronary disease and of distal coronary atherosclerosis, while type-IV patients usually had disease localised to the proximal coronary tree. These differences may be related to the differing plasma-lipoprotein patterns in these two syndromes.
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PMID:Coronary arteriographic findings in type-II and type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. 5 36

The article discusses the main elements of the infiltrative-combination theory of atherosclerosis, which was formulated and developed by N. N. Anichkov. The further development of the main principles of this theory at the current stage of medical science is elucidated. Analysis of the mechanisms of penetration of lipids into the vascular wall, the role of metabolism of the main substance and plasmic proteins at the initial stages of atherosclerosis shows that the new data obtained are not at variance with the fundamental principles of the N. N. Anichkov's theory but on the contrary, supplement it. Evidences on the role of immune complex of beta-lipoproteid-gamma-globulin in the development of atherosclerosis are also in complete accord with this theory.
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PMID:[Development of the ideas of N. N. Anichkov at the present stage of our knowledge about atherosclerosis]. 5 67

A quantitative study of the size and location of early sudanophilic lesions has been carried out on the aortae of five rabbits. The atherosclerotic lesions were induced by feeding an average of 114 (+/- 3.7) egg yolks over an average period of 83 (+/- 1.7) days. The aortic lesions were visualuized by gross staining with Sudan III and measured by the polar coordinate method. The lesions were almost entirely around orifices: their size was directly proportional to the area of the associated ostium (P less than 0.005). The sudanophilic deposits were located downstream from the ostia in areas believed to experience high shear stresses. The area of the intercostal ostia increased as one proceeded down the thoracic aorta (P less than 0.005). A deviation from the distal distribution pattern was observed where local flow and shear stresses were disturbed. The coronary lesions completely surrounded the ostia, the coeliac lesions had significant proximal components and the left renal and inferior mesenteric lesions were skewed to the right. The study suggests that hemodynamic forces and particularly high shear stress is of considerable importance in both the initiation and localization of early atherosclerotic lesions.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:A quantitative study of the localization of atherosclerotic lesions in the rabbit aorta. 5 82

The separation of Sudan IV from lipid extracts of stained aortas can be accomplished by thin layer or column chromatography, but the most convenient method involves adsorption of the dye to activated carbon. The aortic lipids are thus recovered quantitatively.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:Quantitative recovery of lipids from aortas stained with sudan IV. 5 83

There is a well-documented negative correlation between plasma concentrations of high-density lipoproteins (H.D.L.) and risk of clinically evident atherosclerosis. This may relate to the postulated role of H.D.L. in the transport of cholesterol out of cells. Studies of the metabolism of lipoproteins by arterial smooth-muscle cells suggest that a second mechanism also operates, H.D.L. binds to the surface of porcine arterial smooth-muscle cells as effectively as low-density lipoprotein (L.D.L.) but is internalised and degraded much more slowly. When incubated with L.D.L. these cells show a net increment in cholesterol content. However, cells incubated with equal or higher concentration of H.D.L. under comparable conditions show no cholesterol accumulation. The presence of H.D.L. in the medium partially inhibits uptake and degradation of L.D.L. and, most important, also partially suppresses the net increment in cell sterol content induced by L.D.L. The demonstrated interaction of H.D.L. and L.D.L. could be a second mechanism contributing to the apparent protective effect of high plasma-H.D.L. concentrations in relation to atherogenesis.
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PMID:A mechanism by which high-density lipoproteins may slow the atherogenic process. 5 8

Serum milk, egg, and gluten antibody titres were measured in ninety men with acute myocardial infarction and compared with those of thirty-six age-matched male controls. None of the antibody titres was higher in the patients with myocardial infarction, nor was there a significant correlation between antibody titres and the Norris prognostic index or death before hospital discharge. The results do not support the suggestion that immunological mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of coronary heart-disease and atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Dietary antibodies and myocardial infarction. 5 87

Using the histological staining methods of Weigert and of Masson on primary cultures of rat aortic media cells, we obtained additional proofs of the smooth muscle cell's ability to secrete collagen and elastin in vitro: the percentage of positive flasks with aorta rings was the same throughout the follow-up, but increased gradually for the new tissue growing around the rings.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Oct
PMID:Histological arguments for collagen and elastin synthesis by primary cultures of rat aortic media cells. 6 79

Polar coordinate mapping was used to determine the rate of growth of individual sudanophilic lesions on the aortic wall around several major branches of the aortae of cholesterol fed rabbits. Four groups, with 6 8-month old male albino white rabbits in each, were used in the study. One group served as a control and the remaining 3 were fed a diet of 2% cholesterol and 6% heated corn oil mixed with ground rabbit pellets for 4, 8, and 10 weeks each. Animals were sacrificed, the aortae removed, stained with Sudan III, pinned at in vivo dimensions, and mapped by the polar coordinate method. No sudanophilic lesions were observed in the control animals. In the experimental groups, the early lesions, except the coronaries, were almost entirely distal to the orifices, and maintained roughly the same contour while spreading around the orifice. The coronary lesions completely encircled the orifices as described previously. As lesions progressed, they became elevated and often granular, so that the lesions themselves may have affected flow profiles around the orifices. Lesions around adjacent orifices were fused in 48% of the cases after 10 weeks on the diet, as opposed to 2% after 4 weeks on the diet. More prolonged experiments were not possible with this diet as the animals developed jaundice and diarrhea. Hemodynamically, these results suggest that early sudanophilic lesions in cholesterol-fed rabbits develop on the aortic wall in areas of high shear stress.
Atherosclerosis 1976 Oct
PMID:The effect of the duration of cholesterol feeding on the development of sudanophilic lesions in the rabbit aorta. 6 80

Fresh rings of arteries and veins obtained from surgical specimens generated an unstable substance, prostacyclin (prostaglandinx, [P.G.X]) WHICH IS A POTENT INHIBITOR OF PLATELET AGGREGATION. The spontaneous generation of prostacyclin as well as its generation from exogenous arachidonic acid was inhibit by incubation of the tissues with a prostaglandin-synthetase inhibitor such as indomethacin, whilst the generation induced by prostaglandin endoperoxides was not. 15-Hydroperoxyarachidonic acid (a lipid hydroperoxide) inhibited the generation of prostacyclin in all three situations. It is postulated that prostacyclin is important for prevention of deposition of platelets on the vessel wall and that the inhibition or prevention of the generation of prostacyclin is important in the genesis of diseases, especially those in which increased lipid peroxidation occurs, such as atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Human arterial and venous tissues generate prostacyclin (prostaglandin x), a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. 6 57

53 patients coming to amputation of one or more toes for the late results of degenerative vascular disease were studied prospectively. By a median time of thirteen months, 26 of the 53 had undergone a major amputation of the affected side. Diabetes was associated with the same prognosis as atherosclerosis obliterans uncomplicated by diabetes. A palpable pedal pulse or a functioning arterial reconstruction carried a virtual guarantee of success for the toe amputation. The presence of a popliteal pulse, however, was not associated with any better prognosis than the presence of a femoral pulse alone. Smoking seemed to exert little influence. With the passage of time, the major-amputation rate rose steadily, and by 3 1/2 years almost three-quarters of the patients had come to major amputation.
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PMID:Amputation of the toes for vascular disease: fate of the affected leg. 6


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