Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004153 (atherosclerosis)
 77,401 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Post-mortem studies of 72 hearts of persons who when alive had suffered from rheumatism were carried out. A complex genesis of sclerotic processes in the vascular walls was noted. They were occurring as a result of the desorganization of the connective tissue, as well as of "wearing out" of hemodynamic adaptation structures and development of atherosclerosis. The dependence of the character of sclerotic changes in vessels upon the peculiar features of the clinical course of the disease is shown. In cases with a high activity of the rheumatic process and considerable increase in the vascular-tissue permeability the development of hyalinosis was noted, and in cases with a slow course of rheumatism an increased fibrillogenesis was observed. Simultaneously, lesion and perish of the smooth-muscle fibres of the media with outgrowth therein of the connective tissue occurred. The dependence of the extent of atherosclerosis in various branches of the coronary arteries upon a morphofunctional characteristics of this defect was established. The most extensive atherosclerotic lesions were found in those vessels which supplied with the blood the functionally burdened regions of the myocardium. A higher activity of lipolitic enzymes in the vessels and the cardiac muscle was observed in persons with rheumatism, as compared with that in persons free from cardiovascular diseases, and particularly in patients with atherosclerosis.
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PMID:[Morphogenesis of coronarosclerosis in rheumatism]. 4 68

The tendo Achillis of man and its homologue from a fairly wide range of exotic animals, most of which had died in captivity from natural causes, have been examined for stainable lipid. Adiposity of the tendon was seen principally in man. Chondroid plaques, containing an abundance of intracellular triglycerides, are a normal feature in birds. Similar thickenings in the few reptiles examined were rich in phospholipids. Extracellular (perifibrous, interstitial) deposits of lipid with a high content of esterified cholesterol were found in more than 90% of human specimens, in 52% of other mammals and in 62.5% of birds included in the survey. In general, lipid insudation of tendons increased with age and was less intense in animals than man. Aetiological factors and the relationship of extracellular lipid deposits in tendons to those in the arterial wall and dura mater are considered.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:Lipid in the Achilles tendon. A comparative study. 5 73

Three of our regularly controlled patients suffering from Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia and treated with clofibrate complained of impotence within one year after commencement of treatment with this drug. Two of the patients had previously suffered from myocardial infarction. Two patients observed improvement of the symptom 3 and 4 weeks after interruption of clofibrate therapy; one patient again complained of impotence when clofibrate therapy was resumed. The third patient continued intake of the drug up to the present day, and still complains of impotence.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:Impotence in patients treated with clofibrate. 5 74

By means of the fluometric method in 76 rabbits at definite stages of the development of experimental atherosclerosis in the aorta an increased amount of gamma-globulin and fibrin was established. An increase in the level of gamma-globulin was accompanied by fixation of beta1C-fraction of complement, which is characteristic of deposit of an immune complex. The most pronounced concentration of gamma-globulin was noted in areas of lysis and fragmentation of elastic fibres.
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PMID:[Quantitative fluorometric determination of gamma globulin and fibrin in the aortic wall of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis]. 5 49

Chronic investigations (up to 3 years) conducted in dogs have evidenced that periodic disturbances of vascular permeability produced by using dicoumarin with a long-term blocking of the thyroid function greatly aggravate pathological manifestations induced by the action of 6-methylthiouracil. They result in the development in the animals of endogenous hypercholesterinemia, elevated content in the blood of beta-lipoproteins and in a periodic rise of the arterial pressure. These changes were particularly spectacular at the final stage of the experiment in animals with marked manifestations of atherosclerosis and were accompanied by reduced stand-by potentialities of the adrenal gland, disruption of metabolic processes in the myocardium along with the slowed down resorption of NaI131 from the heart muscle. The sensitivity of the heart to adrenalin was down too.
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PMID:[Certain pathogenetic mechanisms of development of atherosclerosis in dogs, induced without the use of cholesterol]. 5 15

Incubation of human serum with crystalline cholesterol which had been pulverised by sonication resulted in a measurable uptake of cholesterol by the serum. This uptake was designated "serum cholesterol-binding reserve" (S.C.B.R.). Among more than 200 men and women examined, S.C.B.R. values varied from less than 10 to over 200 mg/dl, while the values from repeated determinations on two individuals over several months varied within 24 mg/dl. S.C.B.R. could be attributed to two serum-lipoprotein subfractions--S.F.V. separated from very-low-density lipoprotein and S.F.H. from high-density lipoprotein, by gel filtration. Without further purification, S.F.V. solubilised 4-5 mg and S.F.H. solubilised 0-36 mg of additional cholesterol/mg of protein, while the remaining bulk of the lipoproteins lacked this property. It is proposed that S.F.V. and S.F.H. have physiological roles in retarding atherogenesis by removing cholesterol from the arterial intima and carrying it back to the circulating serum. Accordingly, individuals who have low S.C.B.R. values, being deficient in S.F.V. and S.F.H., are at higher risk for the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart-disease. This hypothesis was tested by comparing S.C.B.R. values of patients with premature myocardial infarction with values of controls. The results indicated a trend of increasing S.C.B.R. values with increasing levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides among the controls, but this trend was virtually lost among the patients. The S.C.B.R. values also were lower among patients than controls, and the difference was statistically significant between patients and controls with serum-cholesterol above 250 mg/dl or fasting serum-triglycerides above 160 mg/dl. These results are consistent with the proposed hypothesis.
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PMID:Decreased serum cholesterol-binding reserve in premature myocardial infarction. 5 93

The following clinical groups of volunteers were studied: patients long after recovery from myocardial infarction (MI), others after recovery from deep vein thrombosis (DVT), patients with intermittent claudication, with diabetes, and male and female controls who were well matched. All were subjected to many platelet and clotting tests together with clinical, biochemical and haematological measurements in an attempt to find long term abnormalities in these various diseases. The male MIs differed very significantly from the controls in having much more heparin neutralizing activity (P less than 0.001)and less anti-thrombin (P less than 0.01). Less significantly, some bleeding time tests indicated less bleeding and the patients' platelets were larger. The females with MI had in general the same abnormalities but to a lesser degree. The patients with intermittent claudication, none of whom had a history of MI, had almost the same abnormalities and to the same degree. In deep vein thrombosis the heparin neutralizing activity was also clearly increased; the other tests were generally in the same direction but many were not significant. The diabetics had shorter bleeding times but little else abnormal relative to the controls, suggesting a different pathological process. When all male patients and controls were "scored" according to the degree of atherosclerosis there was a close overall correlation between the degree of atherosclerosis and the increase in the HNA level (r = --0.50, n = 66, P less than 0.001) and the decreased anti-thrombin (r = 0.25, n = 66, P less than 0.05).
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PMID:Blood changes in atherosclerosis and long after myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. 5 92

Persons doing brain work and taking aerovit in three courses of 30 days each with intervals of 5-6 months were kept under observation over a period of 13-15 months. While improving the vitamin allowance the course-wise taking of aerovit helped normalize the lipids metabolism factors characterizing an increased predisposition to atherosclerosis, the favourable effect being traced for 4-5 months after discontinuance of the preparation ingestion. Repeated courses contributed to a further improvement of the lipoid metabolism. A tendency towards positive changes in the tonicity of the intracranial vessels was recorded, while in subjects with an increased pulse wave propagation rate along the elastic type vessels this tonicity was seen to decline. With the available data on the positive effect of aerovit upon the lipoid and protein metabolism and some clinical and instrumental findings serving as a background an inference is made that a prolonged (course-wise) application of aerovit can be of help in preventing the development of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:[Role of vitamins in the prevention of atherosclerosis]. 5 44

Unlike some other mammalian species, the dog is relatively resistant to the development of elevated levels of serum cholesterol after prolonged cholesterol feeding. This may be overcome by suppressing thyroid activity with thiouracil. Information regarding possible activity of thiouracil itself upon the arterial tissues is almost nonexistent. The present investigation was undertaken to test whether this drug has any such action, especially upon the arterial elastic tissues. Destructive changes were observed in arterial elastic tissues in dogs given thiouracil for three and six months. The changes consisted of accentuation of the elastic fibrillar components, formation and subsequent coalescence of clefts, and fragmentation and ultimate "dissolution" of the elastic elements. The results suggest that thiouracil may exert a damaging effect upon the arterial elastic fibers; thus, it is possible that one of the mechanisms by which thiouracil and cholesterol administration induces experimental atherosclerosis in the dog is by elastic tissue destruction, possibly promoting the subsequent lipid accumulation in the arterial wall.
Atherosclerosis
PMID:Effect of thiouracil upon canine arterial elastic tissue. 5 75

In patients with coronary atherosclerosis in I and III stages content of histamine in blood, excretion of free histamine with urine, activities of serum histidine decarboxylase and diaminooxidase, histaminopexy of blood serum and content of antihistamine factor were studied. In patients with the disease of the I stage during the attacks of stenocardia content of histamine in blood, the activity of diaminooxidase and content of degranulated basophils were increased, but the histidine decarboxylase activity, histaminopexy, content of antihistamine factor and excretion of free histamine with urine were normal. During the stenocardia attacks in patients with coronary atherosclerosis of the III stage content of degranulated basophils, the histidine decarboxylase activity were increased, histaminopexy and titres of antihistamine factor were decreased. Between the content of histamine in blood and the diaminooxidase activity no correlation was observed. This lack of correlation could cause development of hyperhistaminaemia and increased excretion of free histamine with urine. Antihistamine and desensitizing preparations (pipolphen, heparin, amidopyrine and ascorbic acid) increased the therapeutic efficiency of vasodilating drugs, decreased stenocardia attacks, accelerated both clinical improvement and normalization of histamine metabolism.
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PMID:[Metabolism of histamine in patients with coronary atherosclerosis]. 5 86


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