Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004135 (ATM)
 13,001 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study focuses on the effect of contrast media (CM) on thrombin generation. In vitro studies consisted of incubating nonanticoagulated whole blood with ionic CM (sodium meglumine diatrizoate, ioxaglate), nonionic CM (iohexol, iopamidol) or glucose in plastic tubes. Thrombin generation was assessed by measuring F1 + 2, ATM and FpA levels in plasma using ELISA assay kits. In a separate protocol, the procoagulant activity of 3 nonionic CM (iohexol, iopamidol, and iopromide) was investigated by one-stage plasma recalcification time method. Rabbit brain tissue thromboplastin and physiologic saline were used as standard and experimental controls. Incubation of ionic and nonionic CM with whole blood did not enhance thrombin generation compared to glucose control. Similarly, the plasma recalcification times were not significantly shortened by either of the 3 nonionic CM tested. These studies suggest that ionic and nonionic CM exhibit different levels of anticoagulant properties in vitro and the latter are not procoagulant materials.
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PMID:Intravascular contrast media and thrombin generation. 817 46

Thrombin has been implicated as an important mediator of vascular lesion formation in atherosclerosis and restenosis. To investigate a potential role for thrombin signaling in the vascular response to hypertension, we have studied thrombin receptor (TR) expression and regulation in hypertensive rats. Aortic TR mRNA was upregulated by angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension (10.7 +/- 2.5 times control, P < .02), which correlated with a 4-fold increase in thrombin-induced constriction in isolated endothelium-denuded aortic rings. The AT1 receptor antagonist losartan normalized blood pressure and TR mRNA. Conversely, lowering blood pressure to the same degree with hydralazine did not abolish the upregulation of TR mRNA expression. When low-renin low-Ang II hypertension was induced in Dahl salt-sensitive rats, there was no detectable increase in the expression of aortic thrombin receptor mRNA. Finally, treatment with a chimeric heparin-binding form of the recombinant human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase caused complete inhibition of TR mRNA upregulation, suggesting that an increased rate of superoxide anion production is an important signaling mechanism. Thus, increased TR expression via a redox-sensitive mechanism in the aortic smooth muscle of rats treated with Ang II represents a novel in vivo mechanism through which the hypertensive effects of Ang II are mediated.
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PMID:Vascular thrombin receptor regulation in hypertensive rats. 916 86