Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004134 (ataxia)
 15,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A five-year-old domestic longhair was presented with hind-limb ataxia and some degree of incontinence of two weeks' duration. An enlarged spinal canal from the twelfth thoracic (T12) vertebra to the third lumbar (L3) vertebra was identified on survey radiographs. An intradural-extramedullary cavity at the twelfth (T12) and thirteenth (T13) thoracic vertebrae, filled with contrast material, was demonstrated on myelography. A left-sided hemilaminectomy was performed over this region, and a subarachnoid cavitation or cyst was found to be the cause of the severe spinal-cord compression. The cyst was drained. The cat showed improvement in the neurological signs during the first three weeks postoperatively. Six months later, no neurological deficits were identified on follow-up examination.
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PMID:Subarachnoid cyst in a cat. 911 21

To determine the efficacy and safety of subarachnoid butorphanol combined with lidocaine, six calves were studied. Each calf underwent two treatments, at least one week apart, via subarachnoid injection: (1) butorphanol (0.03 mg/kg) plus 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and (2) 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) alone. Subarachnoid injections were performed at the lumbosacral space. Analgesia, motor block, sedation, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry, and rectal temperature were compared before and after subarachnoid administration of drugs. Subarachnoid administration of the butorphanol-lidocaine combination induced bilateral prolonged analgesia extending from the coccygeal to the T11-T13 dermatomes in the calves, with minimal sedation and severe ataxia. Cardiovascular effects were significant in both treatments: heart rate was increased, and there was a minimal decrease in arterial pressure. It was concluded that adding a small dose of butorphanol to subarachnoid lidocaine in calves is effective and safe.
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PMID:Subarachnoid butorphanol augments lidocaine sensory anaesthesia in calves. 1663 89

In order to determine the analgesic and cardiovascular effects of the combination of epidural ketamine and lidocaine, 6 sedated cats were studied. Six healthy, young cats were used in a prospective randomised study. Each cat underwent 3 treatments, at least 1 week apart, via epidural injection: (1) ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), (2) lidocaine (4.0 mg/kg), and (3) ketamine (2.5 mg/kg) plus lidocaine (4.0 mg/kg). Epidural injections were administered through the lumbosacral space. Analgesia, motor block, sedation, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured. Rectal temperature was compared before and after sedation as well as after epidural administration of the drugs. Epidural administration of the ketamine/lidocaine combination induced prolonged analgesia extending from the coccygeal to the T13-L1 dermatomes, leading to severe ataxia. Cardiovascular effects were significant in all treatments: heart rate decreased, but there was a minimal reduction in arterial pressure. It was concluded that adding a dose of ketamine to epidural lidocaine in cats is feasible and effective.
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PMID:Effects of lumbosacral epidural ketamine and lidocaine in xylazine-sedated cats. 1983 Dec 67

A five-year eight-month-old Maltese terrier was presented with a 3-week history of progressive paraparesis and pelvic limb ataxia. Neurological examination was consistent with a lesion involving the T3-L3 spinal cord segments. Myelogram and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spherical, intradural-extramedullary mass lesion at T13/L1. A dorsal laminectomy, durotomy and debulking of the mass were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed a highly cellular tissue, most likely of mesenchymal origin, infiltrated by many lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. The pathological diagnosis of an inflammatory pseudotumour was made. Postsurgical analgesia was achieved with opioids and 2 mg/kg carprofen twice daily for 5 days. When the histopathological diagnosis was made, a tapering course of 1 mg/kg prednisolone twice daily was prescribed, with dose reduction by approximately 50% every 4 to 6 weeks over a 4-month period. Magnetic resonance imaging was repeated at 22, 32 and 85 weeks postsurgery; no signs of regrowth could be detected and the patient recovered with residual mild paraparesis. Inflammatory pseudotumour has not been documented previously at this site in dogs and, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a focal mass lesion affecting the spinal cord. Surgical debulking and immunomodulatory therapy can be curative.
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PMID:Neurological, imaging and pathological features of a meningeal inflammatory pseudotumour in a Maltese terrier. 2053 88

A 3.5 yr old Saint Bernard was evaluated for nonambulatory tetraparesis and cranial nerve dysfunction, and a 7 yr old rottweiler was evaluated for progressive paraparesis. Clinical signs of left-sided vestibular and general proprioceptive ataxia and cranial nerve VII dysfunction in the Saint Bernard suggested a lesion affecting the brain stem. Signs in the rottweiler consisted of general proprioceptive/upper motor neuron paraparesis, suggesting a lesion involving the third thoracic (T3) to third lumbar (L3) spinal cord segments. MRI was normal in the Saint Bernard, but an intra-axial lesion involving the T13-L2 spinal cord segments was observed in the rottweiler. In both dogs, the central nervous system (CNS) contained neoplastic cells with features consistent with gliomatosis cerebri (GC). In the Saint Bernard, neoplastic cells were present in the medulla oblongata and cranial cervical spinal cord. In the rottweiler, neoplastic cells were only present in the spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry disclosed two distinct patterns of CD18, nestin, and vimentin staining. GC is a rarely reported tumor of the CNS. Although GC typically involves the cerebrum, clinical signs in these two dogs reflected caudal brainstem and spinal cord involvement.
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PMID:Gliomatosis cerebri in two dogs. 2284 31

A 2-y-old Brahman bull was presented with progressive hindlimb ataxia and paraparesis that led to recumbency. Postmortem examination revealed scattered pinpoint, red-brown foci within the brainstem and gray matter of the spinal cord, and a larger lesion within the spinal cord at the level of T13. Histology of the section of T13 contained cross-sections of nematodes consistent with Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. Evidence of inflammation was present in other affected areas of the spinal cord and brain. DNA extraction and nested PCR were performed, which demonstrated 98% identity and 100% coverage to both P. tenuis and P. andersoni. Our case highlights the utility of DNA sequencing in parasite identification.
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PMID:Cerebrospinal nematodosis caused by Parelaphostrongylus species in an adult bull. 3224 71