Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0004134 (ataxia)
 15,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A material containing 10(3.0) approximately 10(5.0) TCID50 of Akabane virus was inoculated into 6-day-old chick embryos by the yolk sac route. Death of embryos did not increase in the course of embryonic development till 18 days of age, as compared with control groups. Later than 18 days of age, however, the numbers of dead and peeping but unhatched embryos increased, making the hatching rate significantly low. Deformities, such as arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly, appeared in almost all the dead and unhatched embryos. They were severe in dead embryos, considerably severe in peeping unhatched embryos, and comparatively mild, though highly frequent, in affected hatched chicks. Many of the hatched chicks manifested ataxia, abnormal gait, astasia, or tremor of body or legs separately or together. Virus growth was demonstrated in chick embryos inoculated at 7 days of age. The virus titer was the highest (10(3.25 approximately 10(3.75) TCID50/O.1g) in head, trunk, and muscle, and the second highest (10(2.0) approximately 10(2.5) in brain, heart, and other visceral organs. It was the highest (10(4.0) approximately 10(4.5)) in muscle and a mixture of cerebellum and brain stem in embryos inoculated at 8 days of age.
 ...
PMID:Deformities of chick embryos in experimental Akabane virus infection. 57 Feb 55

Atlantoaxial instability is a relatively frequent finding in Down syndrome, but syringomyelia is a rare symptom. A four-year-old girl with Down syndrome was noted to have one year history of torticollis and progressive motor deterioration presenting with abnormal gait, ataxia or quadriparesis for the past three months. She was admitted because of acute urinary retention. Physical examination showed distended urinary bladder, hyperreflexia, bilateral ankle clonus and the existence of Babinski's signs. The x-ray films of the cervical spine showed widening between the joint space of atlas and odontoid processes. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed C1-C2 subluxation with syringomyelia. After bladder training and cervical orthosis, the symptoms improved.
 ...
PMID:Atlantoaxial subluxation and syringomyelia in Down syndrome: report of one case. 130 27

The neurotoxicity of acetyl-ethyl-tetramethyl-tetralin (AETT) was investigated following its percutaneous administration to rats. Animals exposed to a high-dose of AETT developed a gait abnormality that progressed to severe ataxia. Microscopic examinations revealed remarkable cerebellar changes in addition to a widespread accumulation of ceroid-like pigmentation in the neuronal cytoplasm. The cerebellar changes, especially in the vermis and intermediate part, were characterized by selective degeneration and depopulation of Purkinje cells, and a spongy state of the cerebellar white matter, which was formed in splits in the intraperiod lines within the myelin sheath. In contrast, there were only negligible changes of granule cells and other neuronal elements. Accumulation of ceroid-like pigments and selective damage to the Purkinje cells seen in the present study together provide a basis for understanding the pathogenesis of AETT intoxication and distinguish it from other experimentally induced conditions. Thus, high-dosage AETT intoxicated rats may constitute a new experimental model of cerebellar degeneration.
 ...
PMID:Cerebellar degeneration induced by acetyl-ethyl-tetramethyl-tetralin(AETT). 238 77

Certain biochemical and behavioral effects of carbaryl were investigated in chicks. Six-day-old birds received 100 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day carbaryl for 7 d. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and neuropathy target esterase (NTE) were measured at 24 h after the first, third, and fifth dose during the 1 wk of treatment, and then at d 1, 3, 6, 10, 20, 30, and 40 after the last dose. Gait analysis was evaluated on each posttreatment day. No significant reduction in both NTE and AChE activities was noticed throughout the experiment. However, carbaryl altered the locomotion of the chicks from d 1 until d 40 after last treatment. The stride length of the treated birds was significantly shorter than that of the controls. A significant increase in the stride width and sine of the angle of placement was noticeable throughout the period of the experiment. Thus, treated chicks walked with abnormal gait. Delayed ataxia and paralysis occurred 20 d after the last treatment and lasted until the end of the experiment or eventually death.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme and behavioral changes in young chicks as a result of carbaryl treatment. 249 47

The authors report a clinical review of 16 childhood cases with early-onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes. The preservation of tendon reflexes distinguishes this disorder from Friedreich's ataxia. The mean age of onset of symptoms was 7.1 years. The main presenting symptom was abnormal gait (100%). Ataxia of gait and limbs and normal or increased tendon reflexes were found in all cases. This disorder is associated with dysarthria, pyramidal signs in the limbs, and in some instances, sensory loss. Other important differences from Friedreich's ataxia are absence of optic atrophy, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy and severe skeletal deformity. Sensory nerve conduction was found to be normal, excluding one case. This finding constitutes another aspect of the syndrome different from Freidreich's ataxia. CT scans were normal in 2 of the 4 cases. The remaining two cases showed cerebellar atrophy. Inheritance is probably autosomal recessive in the majority of cases.
 ...
PMID:Early-onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes. 261 87

We examined the effects of chinoform (CF) on the spinal reflexes and the descending influences on the spinal reflexes from the locus coeruleus (LC) and the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) in rats. The spinal reflex potential was recorded from the L5 ventral root following stimulation of the L5 dorsal root, and the effects of electrical stimulation of the LC and the NRM were tested in anesthetized rats. CF was suspended in Tween 80 and administered for two days (400 mg/kg, i. p./day) before the measurement of the spinal reflexes. In all rats treated with CF, death or motor incoordinations such as abnormal gait and hindlimb ataxia were observed. However, the control and CF-treated groups are not different in the amplitude and shape of the reflexes and in the influences of the LC and the NRM on the reflexes from the LC and the NRM. These results suggest that segmental spinal reflexes and descending influences from the LC and the NRM are not affected in rats suffered from motor incoordination by acute CF.
 ...
PMID:Spinal reflexes in chinoform-administered rats. 294 92

Wriggle mouse Sagami (WMS), a newly discovered BALB/C mouse strain, is characterized by its locomotor instability, abnormal gait pattern and neck wriggling. Although the growth of WMS mice is delayed, compared with normal BALB/C mice, the brain size corresponds to the relatively smaller body weight. In gross or histological examinations no local atrophy appears in the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem or spinal cord. The c-GMP level in the WMS cerebellum is decreased, but the c-AMP level is normal. The ataxic gait is not improved significantly by the administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). These results indicate that the mechanism inducing ataxia and abnormal gait pattern in WMS may be different from those in other genetically-determined ataxic mice, e. g., Rolling mouse Nagaya (RMN), PCD, Staggerer and Reeler.
 ...
PMID:[Fundamental study on ataxic mice (wriggle mouse Sagami)]. 303 81

The authors report the clinical review of 20 childhood cases with Friedreich's ataxia. The mean age at onset of symptoms was 6.1 years. The main presenting symptom was abnormal gait (100%). Ataxia of gait and limbs and depressed or absent tendon reflexes were found in all cases. Clinical findings are in accordance with the findings of Harding and Werdelin. Neurophysiological studies (especially sensory) are important in the confirmation of the diagnosis. Of the 10 cases in which sensory nerve conduction velocity measurements were performed, 7 had absent sensory action potentials, 2 had decreased potentials and one was normal. In our study, it is shown that in patients having ataxic gait, ataxia of limbs and tendon reflexes depression or loss, Friedreich's ataxia may be diagnosed with the help of electrophysiological studies.
 ...
PMID:Friedreich's ataxia: a clinical review of 20 childhood cases. 340 87

Chronic states of methylmercurialism were induced in squirrel monkey subjects. Principal neurological signs included ataxia, abnormal gait, incoordination and amaurosis. Although slight to moderate vacuolization occurred in supporting cell layers of the cristae and maculae, receptor cell function was essentially normal. Except for a lowered cold threshold, bithermal caloric-induced nystagmus was not significantly different from control values. Pre and postrotatory (Barany chair) tests revealed a reduction only in frequency related variables. The development of spontaneous and positional nystagmus (sometimes with eyes open) coupled with the behavioral signs and the evidence of normal receptor response suggested cerebellar dysfunction. Severe pathologic changes were present in the cerebral cortex, but no lesions were found in the cerebellar cortex. Substantial neuronal degeneration and gliosis, however, were observed in several subcortical nuclei, including cerebellar and vestibular nuclei.
 ...
PMID:Horizontal nystagmus in methylmercury poisoned squirrel monkeys. 613 46

We investigated the occurrence of delayed neurotoxicity in domestic fowl following percutaneous application of leptophos. Five groups of 5 adult hens received daily percutaneous doses of 1.0 ml/hen of leptophos emulsion (leptophos; 340 mg/hen/day) for 2, 5, 10, 15 or 20 days. There was no abnormal gait in the 2-day group. Two out of 5 hens in the 5-day group showed mild ataxia from about 2 weeks after the final administration, but did not develop severe neuropathy. On the contrary, 4 out of 5 birds in the 10-day group and all hens in the 15- and 20-day groups were affected by various stages of neurotoxicity. Some of them died from neurotoxicity. Ten of young male chickens were given the same dermal dose for 5 or 10 days. Although no abnormal chicken was observed in the 5-day group, all chickens in the 10-day group showed severe paralysis and two of them died. We studied the incidence rates of delayed neurotoxicity resulting from respective applications of the emulsion and the acetone solution of leptophos. No significant difference was observed between them. These results suggest that the daily dermal application of the relatively high dose of leptophos, even if for the short term, can cause the same delayed neurotoxic effects as by the oral administration in hens or chickens.
 ...
PMID:Delayed neurotoxicity resulting from administration of leptophos to the comb of domestic fowl. 618 52


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>