Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004093 (asthenia)
 2,650 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nicardipine, a new calcium antagonist, was tested in a 14-week double-blind trial including 15 outpatients with uncomplicated essential hypertension. They were randomly assigned to nicardipine (20-30 mg three times daily) or placebo as first-step treatment. When necessary but always after a minimum of 4 weeks, pindolol (15 mg/day) was combined with nicardipine or placebo. At the end of step 1 (85 +/- 6 days with nicardipine vs. 58 +/- 6 days with placebo, p less than 0.01), nicardipine induced larger drops in supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) than the placebo (21 +/- 2.5 vs 1.4 +/- 3 mm Hg, p less than 0.001, and 13 +/- 2 vs. 3.5 +/- 1.5 mm Hg, p less than 0.001, respectively). In the nicardipine group (n = 57), 53% of patients had controlled blood pressure (SBP less than 160 mm Hg and DBP less than 95 mm Hg) versus 17% in the placebo group (n = 47), p less than 0.001. There was no significant correlation between the decrease in blood pressure and the age of patients. The most common side effects in the nicardipine group were flushes (12%), headache (8%), ankle edema (5%), and asthenia (4%). When blood pressure was not brought under control and pindolol was prescribed as the second-step treatment, the nicardipine group (n = 52) displayed larger drops in SBP and DBP than the placebo group (n = 40) (27 +/- 5 vs. 15 +/- 3 mm Hg, p less than 0.01, and 18 +/- 1 vs. 9 +/- 2 mm Hg, p less than 0.001, respectively). These results show that a calcium antagonist is useful for first-step treatment of hypertension.
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PMID:First-step treatment of mild to moderate uncomplicated essential hypertension by a new calcium antagonist: nicardipine. 241 2

A multicentre open study to which 229 investigators participated was carried out to demonstrate the safety of cicletanine, a new therapeutic agent, in routine clinical use. Cicletanine was administered alone for three months and normalized blood pressure (less than 160/95 mmHg) in 63 p. 100 of the 1,238 hypertensive patients who entered the study. There was a significant fall of systolic arterial pressure from 178.4 +/- 14.8 to 151.8 +/- 14.2 mmHg and a similar fall of diastolic arterial pressure from 104.0 +/- 6.7 to 86.3 +/- 6.2 mmHg. The reduction of BP values was accompanied by a significant decrease of differential BP (SBP-DBP) from 72.5 to 65.8 mmHg. The initial dosage (50 mg/day) was doubled in only one-third of the patients. The mean daily dose was 66 mg. This antihypertensive effect was paralleled by a significant and major improvement of signs (dyspnoea, oedema of the lower limbs) and symptoms (mainly dizziness, headache, visual and auditory disorders, asthenia) which existed at inclusion. A modest, but significant, reduction of heart rate from 76.7 to 73.9 beats/mn was also noted. Cicletanine produced no toxic or severe adverse events. Clinical side-effects consisted of pruritus, fatigue, headache, vertigo, lower limb oedema and gastrointestinal disorders. These effects were mild and non-specific (doubtful drug imputability); each of them occurred with an incidence ranging from 4.0 to 1.0 p. 100. They were responsible for the withdrawal of about 30 patients (2.4 p. 100). No significant alteration of biochemical or haematological values was recorded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Antihypertensive effectiveness and tolerance of cicletanine. Results obtained with monotherapy in a large population]. 251 75

In order to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of a new nicardipine formulation, 26 mild-to-moderate essential hypertensive patients were given slow-release nicardipine, 40 mg, twice daily for 6 weeks. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were measured after a 1 week single-blind placebo run-in period and after 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks of active treatment, just before the morning administration. After 1 week, nicardipine induced a significant blood pressure reduction (p less than 0.01), with a decrease in mean SBP/DBP values of -15/-11 mmHg (from baseline values of 165/104 to 150/93 mmHg) in supine and of -16/-12 mmHg (from 158/110 to 142/98 mmHg) in standing position. After 6 weeks the decrease was of -15/-12 mmHg in supine and of -15/-14 mmHg in standing position. The responder rate (DBP decrease of at least 10 mmHg) was 62% (16/26). Normalization rate (DBP less than 95 mmHg with a concomitant decrease of at least 10 mmHg) was 54% (14/26). Eleven patients reported adverse events (headache, peripheral oedema, palpitations, nausea, constipation, flush, dizziness and asthenia). Due to an improved pharmacokinetic profile, the slow-release formulation prolongs to 12 hours the antihypertensive effect of nicardipine, thus facilitating patient's compliance.
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PMID:[Antihypertensive effect and tolerability of slow-release nicardipine]. 266 Sep 93

An open randomized study was conducted in mild to moderate hypertensive patients to evaluate, over a 3 months treatment period, the efficacy and tolerability of carvedilol 25 mg OD and to compare, in case of insufficient results with 25 mg, the efficacy and tolerance of carvedilol 50 mg and carvedilol 25 mg coadministered with diuretics. Mean office blood pressure (sitting) of the 91 patients who completed the study according to the protocol was reduced from 161/100 to 147/91 mm Hg after 4 weeks of treatment carvedilol 25 mg OD. Continuation of carvedilol 25 mg produced no further reduction in blood pressure. Increasing carvedilol to 50 mg OD or addition of diuretics further reduced blood pressure. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements showed a significant reduction in both SBP and DBP after 3 months treatment in the three groups, as well as with respect to the circadian profile of blood pressure and heart rate. Large differences between ambulatory and office blood pressure were observed: 37% of the patients diagnosed as mild to moderate hypertensives according to office blood pressure before treatment had mean daytime DBP < 90 mm Hg and 39% mean daytime SBP < 140 mm Hg. Twenty-eight percent of the patients experienced adverse events; they occurred mainly at the beginning of treatment; less than 5% of participants withdrew due to adverse events. The most frequent adverse events were fatigue, vertigo and asthenia. This study showed that carvedilol is safe and effective in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension and that there is a high prevalence (nearly 40%) of low ambulatory blood pressure means in a population labelled as mild to moderate hypertensive.
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PMID:Carvedilol in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension: experience with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. 805 82

Two hundreds mild to moderate hypertensive patients (mean age 54 +/- 10, 115 males, 85 females) were randomised in a multicentre, double blind, two parallel groups trial in order to compare the efficacy of moxonidine (0.2 mg od) and rilmenidine (1 mg od), two selective I1 receptor agonists. The dosage had to be shifted after a four-week treatment period (moxonidine 0.4 mg od or rilmenidine 2 mg bid) if DBP > 90 mmHg. More than half of the patients had to be shifted to a double dose. The blood pressure was normalised (DBP < or = 90 mmHg) for 47% of the moxonidine patient's and 50% of the rilmenidine patients. The DBP decrease reached 7.3 mmHg in the moxonidine group and 8.0 mmHg in the rilmenidine group (P = 0.28). The SBP decrease was the same in the two groups (7.6 mmHg). Both drugs were well tolerated. The great affinity of moxonidine and rilmenidine for the I1 receptors and the weak affinity for the alpha 2 receptors were probably responsible of the small number of adverse events which are generally linked to the centrally acting antihypertensive drugs (asthenia, somnolence, oedema). Because moxonidine and rilmenidine are often to be prescribed at double dose and are often associated with other antihypertensives, moxonidine whose dosage could be shifted without having to increase the number of daily intakes could enhance the patient's comfort and make the compliance easier.
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PMID:[Comparison of the antihypertensive efficacy of and tolerance to 2 imidazoline receptor agonists: moxonidine and rilmenidine in monotherapy]. 1255 9