Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0004093 (asthenia)
 2,650 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy and safety of terazosin were compared with those of other antihypertensive drugs in three parallel-group, randomized, double-blind studies in which 133 patients with mild to moderate hypertension participated. In two studies, terazosin monotherapy was compared with placebo and prazosin (study M79-073), or with hydrochlorothiazide (study M80-012). In a third study (M80-013), the combination of terazosin plus hydrochlorothiazide was compared with the combination of prazosin plus hydrochlorothiazide. Doses of study medications were administered twice daily and were increased at weekly intervals until the average supine diastolic blood pressure was 90 mm Hg or less, with a decrease from baseline of at least 10 mm Hg, or until the maximum specified dosage of a given study drug was reached. In general, all active treatments resulted in significant decreases from baseline in supine and standing blood pressures. There was no significant difference between terazosin- and prazosin-treated patients for changes from baseline to the final visit in supine or standing blood pressure measurements (study M79-073). Hydrochlorothiazide had a significantly greater effect on supine diastolic blood pressure when compared with terazosin (study M80-012). Otherwise, there were no significant differences between active treatment groups. Overall, no regimen caused clinically important changes in pulse rates, body weights, laboratory test results, physical examinations, or electrocardiograms. The incidence of side effects was approximately the same for all drugs; the most common side effects were headache, dizziness, malaise, asthenia, and nasal congestion. The results of these studies suggest that terazosin exhibits antihypertensive activity that is quantitatively similar to that of prazosin in patients with mild to moderate hypertension, and that a dose of 1 to 10 mg twice daily is well tolerated.
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PMID:Comparative trials of terazosin with other antihypertensive agents. 287 6

We investigated the effectiveness of tocainide and hydrochlorothiazide on muscular symptoms in a patient with paramyotonia congenita and episodic attacks of hyperkalemic paralysis. Generalized weakness was evoked by exercise and potassium loading. Myotonia and weakness were evoked by local muscle cooling. Tocainide prevented myotonia and weakness induced by cooling, but failed to prevent hyperkalemic weakness. Hydrochlorothiazide prevented hyperkalemic weakness, but did not influence symptoms evoked by cooling. These results suggest that, in this disorder, two different mechanisms cause muscular weakness.
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PMID:Different effectiveness of tocainide and hydrochlorothiazide in paramyotonia congenita with hyperkalemic episodic paralysis. 641 58

A recent 8-week, double-masked, placebo-controlled, 3 x 4 factorial-design study demonstrated that enalapril-felodipine extended-release (ER) combinations had statistically significant additive effects for reducing both sitting systolic blood pressure (SiSBP) and sitting diastolic blood pressure (SiDBP) and were generally well tolerated in hypertensive patients with SiDBPs ranging from 95 to 115 mm Hg. The present open-label study was undertaken to assess the long-term efficacy, tolerability, and safety of such combinations. Patients from the factorial study were eligible for the 1-year, open-label extension. Initially, all patients received enalapril 5 mg-felodipine ER 2.5 mg once daily; if SiDBP was not controlled (< 90 mm Hg) after 4 weeks of treatment, the dose was titrated upward at 2- to 4-week intervals to a maximum of enalapril 10 mg-felodipine ER 10 mg. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 mg was added to the regimen of patients whose hypertension was not controlled at the highest enalapril-felodipine ER dose. A total of 507 patients were enrolled, of whom 502 were assessable. At their last study visit, 391 (78%) of the assessable patients were receiving only an enalapril-felodipine ER combination. The enalapril-felodipine ER combinations resulted in mean trough SiDBPs of 85 to 89 mm Hg (decreases of 13 to 16 mm Hg from baseline) and SiSBPs of 137 to 140 mm Hg (decreases of 13 to 21 mm Hg). Overall, 407 (81%) of the 502 assessable patients achieved an SiDBP < 90 mm Hg or a reduction from baseline > or = 10 mm Hg (responders); such a response was recorded in 331 patients (66%) taking a combination of enalapril-felodipine ER alone and 76 patients (15%) taking the combination with the addition of HCTZ 12.5 mg. Blood pressure reductions were maintained throughout the treatment period. Drug-related adverse events were relatively infrequent, often transient, usually mild, and apparently not dose related. The most frequently reported drug-related adverse events were edema/swelling, asthenia/fatigue, dizziness, cough, and headache. These results suggest that combination therapy with enalapril-felodipine ER is effective for long-term blood pressure reduction, has an excellent safety profile, and is generally well tolerated. Addition of low-dose HCTZ to the enalapril-felodipine ER combination appears to provide further blood pressure control without increasing drug-related adverse events.
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PMID:Long-term efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the combination of enalapril and felodipine ER in the treatment of hypertension. Enalapril-Felodipine ER Factorial Study Group. 966 68

This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter, titration-to-effect study of eprosartan in patients > or =60 years of age with isolated systolic hypertension. The study consisted of a 3 to 5-week placebo run-in period, a 13-week double-blind treatment period (6-week titration with eprosartan 600-1200 mg/day, 3-week maintenance, 4-week combination therapy with hydrochlorothiazide/HCTZ 12.5 mg), and a follow-up period within 5-7 days of last treatment dose. Overall, 283 patients (placebo/P: 135; eprosartan /E: 148) were randomized [female patients-P: 55.6%, E:54.7%; white-P:66.7%, E:67.6%). Mean sitting systolic blood pressure (SitSBP) at baseline was comparable (P: 170+/-0.8 mmHg; E: 171+/-0.8 mm Hg). At monotherapy end point, eprosartan produced a significant reduction in SitSBP (E: 16.1 mmHg vs P: 8.4 mmHg; P<0.0001). In all, 57.4% of patients responded to eprosartan monotherapy. Among nonresponders, the addition of HCTZ resulted in a decrease in SitSBP from baseline (E: 21.7 mmHg; P: 14.4 mmHg; P<0.002). Reductions were also noted in Standing SBP (monotherapy: P<0.001; combination therapy: P=0.03). No reductions in SitDBP >4 mmHg were found during the study. Age, gender, and race did not have any impact on the results. Post hoc analysis showed a reduction in pulse pressure from 87.3 to 78.2 mmHg with placebo and from 87.6 to 70.7 mmHg with eprosartan monotherapy. Treatment with eprosartan in once-daily doses up to 1200 mg alone or in combination with HCTZ was well tolerated, with dizziness and asthenia being the most common side effects.
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PMID:Once-daily eprosartan mesylate in the treatment of elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension: data from a 13-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, multicenter study. 1504 14