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Query: UMLS:C0004093 (asthenia)
 2,650 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 1985, at a WHO workshop on AIDS in Bangui, Central African Republic, a clinical case definition of AIDS was developed for developing countries. This 1st definition contained 4 major criteria (chronic asthenia, major weight loss, chronic fever, and chronic diarrhea) and 6 minor criteria (chronic cough, persistent lymphadenopathy, herpes zoster, recurrent herpetic infection, pruritic dermatitis, and oropharyngeal candidiasis). Kaposi's sarcoma and cryptococcal meningitis were sufficient by themselves for the diagnosis of AIDS. In children, the temporary definition of AIDS consisted of 3 major clinical criteria (weight loss and/or abnormally slow growth, chronic diarrhea lasting more than 1 month, and fever lasting more than 1 month), and 6 secondary clinical criteria (generalized lymphadenopathy, oropharyngeal candidiasis, repeated common infections such as otitis and pharyngitis, persistent cough, generalized pruritic dermatitis, and confirmed maternal HIV infection). The revised Bangui definition was evaluated in 174 adult patients hospitalized at the Mama Yemo Hospital of Kinshasa, Zaire. 46% of 174 patients met the criteria of the WHO/Bangui definition. Overall, the sensitivity of the definition for HIV-1 infection was 59%, the specificity was 90%, and the positive predictive value (PPV) was 74%. However, the clinical case definition of African AIDS lacks specificity when it is applied to patients suffering from cachectic syndromes. The Bangui definition was also evaluated at the pediatric ward of Mama Yemo Hospital with 159 hospitalized children whose mean age was 33 months. 21 (13%) were infected by HIV-1. The sensitivity of the definition was 35%, its specificity was 86%, and its PPV was 26%. Although the specificity was relatively high, the low values of sensitivity and PPV underline the weakness of the Bangui clinical case definition for diagnosing pediatric AIDS cases.
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PMID:World Health Organization clinical case definition for AIDS in Africa: an analysis of evaluations. 133 10

A total of 136 patients were studied in three Upazillas of Laxmipur, Barisal and Madaripur districts were selected for health awareness campaign program. According to the existing data, these villages were ranked as high exposure. Demographic data of the patients investigated are showing pigmentation was seen in all--136 cases, keratosis was found only in 110 cases, and skin ulcer was detected in 13 cases. The predominant features are indicating respiratory sign and symptoms followed by conjunctival congestion and redness of eyes. Weakness was predominant symptom, and all most all cases reported weakness. There were few smokers (n = 16) and analyses were confined to non-smokers (n = 94). A total of the 94 subjects participated in this study. The sex ratio was 1:1.3 (male vs. female). The relative risk of chronic cough increased with age (RR=2.12, for 26-50 age group; RR=2.30 for age group more than 51) reflecting chronic exposure, but the 95% confidence intervals included unity. The relative risk of chronic bronchitis increased with age (RR=2.68, for 26-50 age group; RR=2.30 for age group more than 51) reflecting chronic exposure, but the 95% confidence intervals also included unity. The findings presented here provide evidence that ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water may results in increases risk of chronic cough and bronchitis.
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PMID:Non-cancer effects of chronic arsenicosis in Bangladesh: preliminary results. 1263 34

The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary diseases in HIV-negative patients was studied prospectively from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2003 by 32 sentinel sites distributed throughout France. In total, 262 patients who yielded NTM isolates from respiratory clinical specimens, met the bacteriological, radiological and clinical criteria established by the American Thoracic Society for NTM respiratory disease. Among the 262 NTM isolates, 234 were slow-growing mycobacteria (125 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC), 66 M. xenopi, 34 M. kansasii) and 28 were rapidly growing mycobacteria (25 M. abscessus complex). In the Paris area, M. xenopi was the most frequently isolated species, followed by MAC. Most patients (>50%), except those with M. kansasii, had underlying predisposing factors such as pre-existing pulmonary disease or immune deficiency. Asthenia, weight loss, chronic cough and dyspnoea were the most common clinical symptoms. The classical radiological appearance of NTM infections was indistinguishable from that observed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. In summary, the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary infections in HIV-negative patients was estimated at 0.74, 0.73 and 0.72 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively.
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PMID:Respiratory infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-HIV patients. 1766 65

Cystic fibrosis is a common autosomal recessive disorder with drastic respiratory symptoms, including shortness of breath and chronic cough. While most of cystic fibrosis treatment is dedicated to mitigating the effects of respiratory dysfunction, the potential effects of this disease on vocal parameters have not been systematically studied. We hypothesized that cystic fibrosis patients, given their characteristic respiratory disorders, would also present dysphonic symptoms. Given that voice disorders can severely impair quality of life, the identification of a potential cystic fibrosis-related dysphonia could be of great value for the clinical evaluation and treatment of this disease. We tested our hypothesis by measuring vocal parameters, using both objective physical measures and the GRBAS subjective evaluation method, in male and female cystic fibrosis patients undergoing conventional treatment and compared them to age and sex matched controls. We found that cystic fibrosis patients had a significantly lower vocal intensity and harmonic to noise ratio, as well as increased levels of jitter and shimmer. In addition, cystic fibrosis patients also showed higher scores of roughness, breathiness and asthenia, as well as a significantly altered general grade of dysphonia. When we segregated the results according to sex, we observed that, as a group, only female cystic fibrosis patients had significantly lower values of harmonic to noise ratio and an abnormal general grade of dysphonia in relation to matched controls, suggesting that cystic fibrosis exerts a more pronounced effect on vocal parameters of women in relation to men. Overall, the dysphonic characteristics of CF patients can be explained by dysfunctions in vocal fold movement and partial upper airway obstruction, potentially caused by the accumulation of mucus and chronic cough characteristic of CF symptomatology. Our results show that CF patients exhibit significant dysphonia and suggest they may potentially benefit from voice therapy as a parallel treatment strategy.
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PMID:Voice disorder in cystic fibrosis patients. 2479 91